Abstract:
:Nutrient fluctuations in the cellular environment promote changes in cell metabolism and growth to adapt cell proliferation accordingly. The target of rapamycin (TOR) signalling network plays a key role in the coordination of growth and cell proliferation with the nutrient environment and, importantly, nutrient limitation reduces TOR complex 1 (TORC1) signalling. We have performed global quantitative fitness profiling of the collection of Schizosaccharomyces pombe strains from which non-essential genes have been deleted. We identified genes that regulate fitness when cells are grown in a nutrient-rich environment compared with minimal environments, with varying nitrogen sources including ammonium, glutamate and proline. In addition, we have performed the first global screen for genes that regulate fitness when both TORC1 and TORC2 signalling is reduced by Torin1. Analysis of genes whose deletions altered fitness when nutrients were limited, or when TOR signalling was compromised, identified a large number of genes that regulate transmembrane transport, transcription and chromatin organization/regulation and vesicle-mediated transport. The ability to tolerate reduced TOR signalling placed demands upon a large number of biological processes including autophagy, mRNA metabolic processing and nucleocytoplasmic transport. Importantly, novel biological processes and all processes known to be regulated by TOR were identified in our screens. In addition, deletion of 62 genes conserved in humans gave rise to strong sensitivity or resistance to Torin1, and 29 of these 62 genes have novel links to TOR signalling. The identification of chromatin and transcriptional regulation, nutritional uptake and transport pathways in this powerful genetic model now paves the way for a molecular understanding of how cells adapt to the chronic and acute fluctuations in nutrient supply that all eukaryotes experience at some stage, and which is a key feature of cancer cells within solid tumours.
journal_name
Open Bioljournal_title
Open biologyauthors
Lie S,Banks P,Lawless C,Lydall D,Petersen Jdoi
10.1098/rsob.180015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-05-01 00:00:00issue
5issn
2046-2441pii
rsob.180015journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
Open Biology文献大全abstract::Typical centrioles are made of microtubules organized in ninefold symmetry. Most animal somatic cells have two centrioles for normal cell division and function. These centrioles originate from the zygote, but because the oocyte does not provide any centrioles, it is surprising that the zygotes of many animals are thou...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.160334
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA methylation has been investigated for many years, but recent technologies have allowed for single-cell- and single-base-resolution DNA methylation datasets and more accurate assessment of DNA methylation dynamics at the key genomic regions that regulate gene expression in human early embryonic development. In this...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.180131
更新日期:2018-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic material can be transmitted not only vertically from parent to offspring, but also laterally (horizontally) from one bacterial lineage to another. Lateral genetic transfer is non-uniform; biases in its nature or frequency construct communities of genetic exchange. These biases have been proposed to arise from ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.120112
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (ALS/MND) are currently not clinically available for disease diagnosis or analysis of disease progression. If identified, biomarkers could improve patient outcomes by enabling early intervention and assist in the determination of treatment efficacy. We ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.200116
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indirect flight muscles (IFMs) in adult Drosophila provide the key power stroke for wing beating. They also serve as a valuable model for studying muscle development. An age-dependent decline in Drosophila free flight has been documented, but its relation to gross muscle structure has not yet been explored satisfactor...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.190087
更新日期:2019-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin B₁₂-dependent enzymes function in core biochemical pathways in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an obligate pathogen whose metabolism in vivo is poorly understood. Although M. tuberculosis can access vitamin B₁₂ in vitro, it is uncertain whether the organism is able to scavenge B₁₂ during host infection. This quest...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.120175
更新日期:2013-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa are noscomially acquired, opportunistic pathogens that pose a major threat to the health of burns patients and the immunocompromised. We sequenced the genomes of P. aeruginosa isolates RNS_PA1, RNS_PA46 and RNS_PAE05, which displayed resistance to almost all frontline antibiotics, including gent...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.150175
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In eukaryotic cells, about one-third of the synthesized proteins are translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum; they are membrane or lumen resident proteins and proteins direct to the Golgi apparatus. The co-translational translocation takes place through the heterotrimeric protein-conducting channel Sec61 which is ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.190244
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The range of biological outcomes generated by many signalling proteins in development and homeostasis is increased by their interactions with glycosaminoglycans, particularly heparan sulfate (HS). This interaction controls the localization and movement of these signalling proteins, but whether such control depends on ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.150277
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The urine of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) contains substantial quantities of a small protein that is expressed at much higher levels in males than females, and at higher levels in males in the breeding season. This protein was purified and completely sequenced at the protein level by mass spectrometry. Leucine/isoleu...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.170135
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ubiquitination is a versatile post-translational modification that regulates a multitude of cellular processes. Its versatility is based on the ability of ubiquitin to form multiple types of polyubiquitin chains, which are recognized by specific ubiquitin receptors to induce the required cellular response. Linear ubiq...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.170026
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute nociceptive pain is an undesirable feeling but has a physiological significance as a warning system for living organisms. Conversely, chronic pain is lacking physiological significance, but rather represents a confusion of nerve functions. The neuropathic pain that occurs after peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is p...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.180154
更新日期:2018-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::In animals, heterotrimeric G proteins, comprising α-, β-and γ-subunits, perceive extracellular stimuli through cell surface receptors, and transmit signals to ion channels, enzymes and other effector proteins to affect numerous cellular behaviours. In plants, G proteins have structural similarities to the correspondin...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.120186
更新日期:2013-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic regions with repeated sequences are unstable and prone to rapid DNA diversification. However, the role of tandem repeats within the coding region is not fully characterized. Here, we have identified a new hypervariable C-type lectin gene family with different numbers of tandem repeats (Rlecs; R means repeat) i...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.200141
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-cell identity is established by the expression of a clonotypic T-cell receptor (TCR), generated by somatic rearrangement of TCRα and β genes. The properties of the TCR determine both the degree of self-reactivity and the repertoire of antigens that can be recognized. For CD8 T cells, the relationship between TCR ide...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.160293
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Redox conditions change in events such as immune and platelet activation, and during viral infection, but the biochemical consequences are not well characterized. There is evidence that some disulfide bonds in membrane proteins are labile while others that are probably structurally important are not exposed at the pro...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.110010
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::ThyX is an essential thymidylate synthase that is mechanistically and structurally unrelated to the functionally analogous human enzyme, thus providing means for selective inhibition of bacterial growth. To identify novel compounds with anti-bacterial activity against the human pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.150015
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The conserved process of centriole duplication requires Plk4 kinase to recruit and promote interactions between Sas6 and Sas5/Ana2/STIL (respective nomenclature of worms/flies/humans). Plk4-mediated phosphorylation of Ana2/STIL in its conserved STAN motif has been shown to promote its interaction with Sas6. However, S...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.170247
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of foetal DNA in the plasma of pregnant women has opened up new possibilities for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. The use of circulating foetal DNA for the non-invasive prenatal detection of foetal chromosomal aneuploidies is challenging as foetal DNA represents a minor fraction of maternal plasma DNA. I...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.120086
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Innate immunity relies entirely upon germ-line encoded receptors, signalling components and effector molecules for the recognition and elimination of invading pathogens. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster with its powerful collection of genetic and genomic tools has been the model of choice to develop ideas about i...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.120075
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genus Caulobacter is found in a variety of habitats and is known for its ability to thrive in low-nutrient conditions. K31 is a novel Caulobacter isolate that has the ability to tolerate copper and chlorophenols, and can grow at 4 ° C with a doubling time of 40 h. K31 contains a 5.5 Mb chromosome that codes for mo...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.140128
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::'Epichromatin', the surface of chromatin beneath the interphase nuclear envelope (NE) or at the surface of mitotic chromosomes, was discovered by immunostaining with a specific bivalent mouse monoclonal anti-nucleosome antibody (mAb PL2-6). 'Chromomeres', punctate chromatin particles approximately 200-300 nm in diamet...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.180058
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We here address the question of whether there is any correlation between subjective preference for simple configurations within a specific visual domain such as motion and strength of activity in visual areas in which that domain is emphasized. We prepared several distinctive patterns of dots in motion with various ch...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.120001
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discovered in 1991 in a screen for genes involved in spindle pole body duplication, the monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) kinase has since claimed a central role in processes that ensure error-free chromosome segregation. As a result, Mps1 kinase activity has become an attractive candidate for pharmaceutical companies in the...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.180109
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::RANKL (receptor-activator of NF-κB ligand, TNFSF11) is a member of the TNF superfamily that regulates bone remodelling and the development of the thymus, lymph nodes and mammary glands. While RANKL and its membrane bound receptor RANK (TNFRSF11A) are expressed in the adult central nervous system and have been implicat...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.120150
更新日期:2013-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Myzozoans (which include dinoflagellates, chromerids and apicomplexans) display notable divergence from their ciliate sister group, including a reduced mitochondrial genome and divergent metabolic processes. The factors contributing to these divergent processes are still poorly understood and could serve as potential ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.160034
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elevated cataract risk after radiation exposure was established soon after the discovery of X-rays in 1895. Today, increased cataract incidence among medical imaging practitioners and after nuclear incidents has highlighted how little is still understood about the biological responses of the lens to low-dose ionizing ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.150011
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to analyse the expression pattern and elucidate the mechanistic involvement of long non-coding RNA LINC00467 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The relative expression of LINC00467 and microRNA (miR)-9-5p was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability was measured using...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.190074
更新日期:2019-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::The Parkinson's disease (PD) gene, PARK6, encodes the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) mitochondrial kinase, which provides protection against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Given the link between glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function and insulin secretion in β-cells, and the reported association of PD...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.140051
更新日期:2014-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic vesicle exocytosis relies on the tethering of release ready vesicles close to voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and specific lipids at the future site of fusion. This enables rapid and efficient neurotransmitter secretion during presynaptic depolarization by an action potential. Extensive research has revealed that...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.170258
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00