Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This narrative review summarizes recent data on factors associated with insulin resistance (IR) in adults with HIV, including contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART). RECENT FINDINGS:IR remains common in persons with HIV, even those receiving contemporary ART. Generalized and abdominal obesity and ectopic fat are correlates of IR, and emerging data have identified associations with biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation. Small studies suggest associations between mitochondria and IR. In ART-naïve individuals, IR increased within 4 weeks of starting ART in persons receiving contemporary boosted protease inhibitors or an integrase inhibitor. The importance of IR in non-diabetic persons with HIV will continue to grow as the population ages and obesity increases. Non-invasive estimates of IR appear to perform well in persons with HIV, but clinically relevant cutoffs are uncertain. Unexpected metabolic effects of newer HIV integrase inhibitors have been reported; thus, careful observation for and studies of IR are still warranted.
journal_name
Curr HIV/AIDS Repjournal_title
Current HIV/AIDS reportsauthors
Hulgan Tdoi
10.1007/s11904-018-0399-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-06-01 00:00:00pages
223-232issue
3eissn
1548-3568issn
1548-3576pii
10.1007/s11904-018-0399-7journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The role of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT)of HIV in resource-limited settings has recently broadened from primarily that of a prevention intervention to its identification as the key entry point into expanding access to life-saving antiretroviral therapy, additional HIV-specific medical care, and other support...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-004-0028-5
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-infected individuals are at increased risk for most types of cancer, including those typically classified as non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). This increased risk is likely multifactorial, but a prominent risk factor for the increased rate of some cancers is co-infection with oncogenic viruses. Anal cancer, hepat...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-015-0276-6
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite impressive decreases in mortality and morbidity, significant adverse events have surfaced as a result of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). They include lipoatrophy, or subcutaneous fat wasting of the face, arms, buttocks, or legs, which can be associated with central fat accumulation. Although the unde...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-008-0010-8
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:End-stage organ disease prevalence is increasing among HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals. Trial and registry data confirm that solid organ transplantation (SOT) is efficacious in this population. Optimizing access to transplant and decreasing complications represent active frontiers. RECENT FINDINGS:HI...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-019-00440-x
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Aligning HIV treatment services with patient preferences can promote long-term engagement. A rising number of studies solicit such preferences using discrete choice experiments, but have not been systematically reviewed to seek generalizable insights. Using a systematic search, we identified eleven ch...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-020-00520-3
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Advances in short- and long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) technologies have incentivized the need to understand how individuals make trade-offs and competing decisions regarding PrEP modalities. The purpose of this review was to examine how researchers have conceptualized and measured attribu...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-020-00497-z
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with HIV living in Africa. Broadening the scope of cotrimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis to cover patients whose CD4 counts are above 200 cells/mm(3) has been suggested as a means of improving the control of infectious disease on the continent. C...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-007-0021-x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review aims to describe the epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers (FSWs) in China over the past decade, to summarize current gaps in knowledge regarding risk factors, and to identify new directions for HIV prevention strategies. RECENT FINDINGS:We summarized national and regional levels o...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-019-00477-y
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The course of HIV research has led to a multitude of interventions to prevent and treat HIV. With the arrival of more effective interventions comes the need to end, or de-implement, less effective interventions. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe the state of de-implementation research in HIV and provide a rationale for e...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-020-00517-y
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine months of daily isoniazid is efficacious in treating latent M. tuberculosis infection, but completion rates are low, limiting treatment effectiveness. In 2011, three important studies were published involving novel regimens for the treatment of latent M. tuberculosis infection. At least 36 months of isoniazid was...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-012-0120-1
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An emerging body of evidence suggests that intergenerational sexual partnerships may increase risk of HIV acquisition among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). However, no studies have comprehensively evaluated literature in this area. We applied a scoping review methodology to explore the relationships between ag...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-013-0187-3
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent policies, guidelines, and laws reflect promising preliminary outcomes among transplant recipients with HIV infection, and ethical analyses suggest that it is not justifiable to deny solid organ transplantation based solely on HIV-infection status. These studies consistently describe stable HIV disease following...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02696657
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the last three decades, sub-Saharan Africa has been the epicentre of the HIV epidemic. Some key drivers of the epidemic are specific to this region and there is an urgent need to develop context-specific strategies to reduce HIV-related burden. Implementation frameworks should endeavour to combine structural, beha...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-015-0262-z
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review provides an overview of HCV resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) with a focus on NS3 protease and NS5A inhibitor resistance. Treatment approaches for managing resistance are also covered including the use of newly approved therapies with improved resistance profiles. RECENT FINDINGS...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-017-0369-5
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The AIDS epidemic continues its unrelentless expansion. According to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, there are more than 40 million people living with HIV, and more than 15,000 new infections occur every day. One approach to curbing HIV is the development of topical microbicidal agents or microbicides....
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-004-0004-0
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:Early diagnosis and treatment of HIV following seroconversion improves individual and population health. Using published data on pre-treatment CD4 cell counts, we benchmarked the level of immunodeficiency at HIV diagnosis and ART initiation in the "real world" against those of the treatment and co...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-019-00452-7
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-cell activation has long been considered a central mediator of HIV pathogenesis. High T-cell activation levels predict more rapid disease progression in untreated patients and decreased treatment-mediated CD4+ T-cell gains during antiretroviral therapy, independent of plasma HIV RNA levels, and may be the primary fe...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-007-0007-8
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV may cause several forms of peripheral neuropathy, the most common of which is distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP) characterized by pain and sensory deficits in a stocking-glove distribution. The pathophysiology of DSP remains largely unknown but is thought to be related both to the neurotoxicity of HIV-through i...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-014-0211-2
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the rapid expansion of first-line antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings (RLS), increasing numbers of people are living with HIV for prolonged periods of time. Treatment programs must now decide how to balance monitoring costs necessary to maximize health benefits for those already on treatment wit...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-010-0046-4
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Self-reports are the most widely used method for measuring antiretroviral adherence. The association between self-reports and viral loads has been repeatedly demonstrated, but this association does not address how well self-reports measure actual medication-taking behaviors. Understanding adherence self-reports requir...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11904-009-0024-x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Female sex workers (FSWs) continue to represent a high-risk population in need of targeted HIV prevention interventions. Targeting environmental risk factors should result in more sustainable behavior change than individual-level interventions alone. There are many types of FSWs who operate in and through a variety of...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-012-0142-8
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV research has identified approaches that can be combined to be more effective in transmission reduction than any 1 modality alone: delayed adolescent sexual debut, mutual monogamy or sexual partner reduction, correct and consistent condom use, pre-exposure prophylaxis with oral antiretroviral drugs or vaginal micro...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-013-0155-y
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation criteria from published national guidelines for 94 countries (representing 86 % of global HIV burden) and compares them with the 2013 World Health Organization (WHO) ART guidelines. As of 31st of July 2014, 19 countries have adopted the WHO-recommended C...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-014-0230-z
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccine recommendations for those with HIV require continual updating as additional research becomes available. Timing of vaccinations among HIV-infected individuals is a key area of uncertainty. This is particularly true for those who may soon initiate highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) because immune recon...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-009-0014-z
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several all-oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combination therapies including two fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) have been recently licensed for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection. Results of pivotal trials with these new compounds are now also available in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HC...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-015-0278-4
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurocognitive compromise, a common sequela of HIV infection, ranges in severity from minor motor and information-processing speed decrements to severely incapacitating symptoms that affect functional independence. However, with the emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), neurocognitive phenotypes h...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-008-0029-x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sustained retention represents an enduring and evolving challenge to HIV treatment programs in Africa. We present a theoretical framework for sustained retention borrowing from ecologic principles of sustainability and dynamic adaptation. We posit that sustained retention from the patient perspective is dependent on t...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-016-0317-9
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The availability of potent combination antiretroviral therapy has changed the long-term prognosis for people living with HIV/AIDS. There is increasing concern, however, about the effect of HIV therapy on lipid disorders and subsequent development of coronary artery disease. Virtually all classes of antiretroviral drug...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-005-0006-6
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population of patients with HIV infection achieving viral suppression on combination antiretroviral therapy is growing, aging, and experiencing a widening spectrum of non-AIDS diseases. Concurrently, AIDS-defining conditions are becoming less common and are variably associated with outcome. Nonetheless, the spectr...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11904-010-0041-9
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::While combination antiretroviral therapy allows HIV-infected patients to have life expectancies similar to that of the general population, it may also contribute to the development of co-morbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Such complications could compromise long-term quality of life, especia...
journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11904-016-0320-1
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00