Abstract：
:Carnivorous pitcher plants Sarracenia purpurea host diverse eukaryotic and bacterial communities which aid in insect prey digestion, but little is known about the functional processes mediated by the microbial communities. This study aimed to connect pitcher community diversity with functional nutrient transformation processes, identifying bacterial taxa, and measuring regulation of hydrolytic enzyme activity in response to prey and alternative nutrient sources. Genetic analysis identified diverse bacterial taxa known to produce hydrolytic enzyme activities. Chitinase, protease, and phosphatase activities were measured using fluorometric assays. Enzyme activity in field pitchers was positively correlated with bacterial abundance, and activity was suppressed by antibiotics suggesting predominantly bacterial sources of chitinase and protease activity. Fungi, algae, and rotifers observed could also contribute enzyme activity, but fresh insect prey released minimal chitinase activity. Activity of chitinase and proteases was upregulated in response to insect additions, and phosphatase activity was suppressed by phosphate additions. Particulate organic P in prey was broken down, appearing as increasing dissolved organic and inorganic P pools within 14 days. Chitinase and protease were not significantly suppressed by availability of dissolved organic substrates, though organic C and N stimulated bacterial growth, resulting in elevated enzyme activity. This comprehensive field and experimental study show that pitcher plant microbial communities dynamically regulate hydrolytic enzyme activity, to digest prey nutrients to simpler forms, mediating biogeochemical nutrient transformations and release of nutrients for microbial and host plant uptake.
journal_name
Microb Ecoljournal_title
Microbial ecologyauthors
Young EB,Sielicki J,Grothjan JJdoi
10.1007/s00248-018-1187-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-01 00:00:00pages
885-898issue
4eissn
0095-3628issn
1432-184Xpii
10.1007/s00248-018-1187-zjournal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Potential rates of nitrification and denitrification were measured in an oligotrophic sediment system. Nitrification potential was estimated using the CO oxidation technique, and potential denitrification was measured by the acetylene blockage technique. The sediments demonstrated both nitrifying and denitrifying acti...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02011574
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the abundance of viruses on microorganisms in activated sludge and the dynamics of their community structure. Direct counting with epifluorescence microscopy and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were applied to 20 samples from 14 full-scale wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) treating municipal, ind...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-006-9150-9
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial disease is a significant issue for larviculture of several species of shellfish, including oysters. One source of bacteria is the seawater used throughout the hatchery. In this study carried out at a commercial oyster hatchery in Tasmania, Australia, the diversity of the bacterial community and its relations...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-013-0183-6
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mediterranean forests own distinct characteristics resulting from climate, soil, and vegetation that affect soil microbial communities' assembly and their associated functions. We initiated a multi-scalar analysis of environmental drivers of soil functioning to (1) identify pertinent factorial scales and (2) determine...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-020-01518-5
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The phyllosphere of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest has been estimated to contain several million bacterial species that are associated with approximately 20000 plant species. Despite the high bacterial diversity in the phyllosphere, the function of these microorganisms and the mechanisms driving their community assembl...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-016-0878-6
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nickel (Ni) toxicity to growth and photosynthesis was studied in four strains of Scenedesmus acutus f. alternans. Effects of Ni dosage and duration of exposure on growth and photosynthesis were strain specific. Large differences in responses of both growth and photosynthesis to Ni were detected between three resistant...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00175079
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The beef cattle industry represents a significant portion of the USA's agricultural sect, with beef cattle accounting for the most red meat consumed in the USA. Feed represents the largest input cost in the beef industry, accounting for approximately 70% of total input cost. Given that, novel methods need to be employ...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00248-018-1234-9
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High specific activity(14)C-labeled glucose, succinate, acetate, salicylate, and amino acids were used to examine carbon metabolism by the microbial community of Pahokee muck (aLithic medisaprist), a drained, cultivated soil of the Florida Everglades. Variations in carbon oxidation were observed from the end of the we...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02020340
更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Montmorillonitic clay influences the biological control ofEscherichia coli in aquatic systems, the magnitude of the effects being dependent on the state of the clay and the type of host-antagonist interaction. The interaction ofBdellovibrio andE. coli was partially inhibited by the presence of montmorillonite. Because...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02013272
更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The microbial structure within, between, and over time in decaying cladodes of the common prickly pearOpuntia stricta was studied at each of two separate localities. In general, the effective number of yeast species and yeast species diversity increased as the rot aged to the observed maximum time of 4 weeks. Yeast he...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02012946
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of microbial inoculants containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as a promoter of plant fitness and health is becoming increasingly popular in agriculture. However, whether and how these bacteria affect indigenous bacterial communities in field conditions is sparsely explored. We studied the effects of ...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-018-1160-x
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bats are important zoonotic reservoirs for many pathogens worldwide. Although their highly specialized ectoparasites, bat flies (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea), can transmit Bartonella bacteria including human pathogens, their eco-epidemiology is unexplored. Here, we analyzed the prevalence and diversity of Bartonella strai...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-018-1195-z
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngbye) M. Schmidt is a stalked freshwater diatom that is expanding its range globally. In some rivers, D. geminata forms thick and expansive polysaccharide-dominated mats. Like other stalked diatoms, D. geminata cells attach to the substratum with a pad of adhesive extracellular polymeric sub...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-016-0816-7
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of carbon∶nitrogen∶phosphorus (C∶N∶P) ratio of organic substrates on the regeneration of ammonium and phosphate was investigated by growing natural assemblages of freshwater bacteria in mineral media supplemented with the simple organic C, N, and P sources (glucose, asparagine, and sodium glycerophosphate, ...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02017167
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The growth rate or numerical response of five species of bactivorous ciliates to the abundance ofEnterobacter aerogenes was examined in monoxenic culture. The ciliatesColpidium campylum, C. colpoda, Glaucoma scintillons, G. frontata, andCyclidium glaucoma were isolated from a small pond. Four were grown in shaken cult...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02015077
更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 16S rDNA genes of an apparently pure culture of a psychrophilic and strict barophilic bacterium (WHB 46) were studied by PCR-mediated amplification and cloning into phage M13 mp18. Sequence analysis of five individual clones revealed the presence of two different 16S rDNA types. The homology value of 90% indicates...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02539153
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The source of combined nitrogen in endolithic microbial communities was studied in samples from desert localities in North and South America, the Middle East, South Africa, and Antarctica. Nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) seems to occur only exceptionally. Evidence suggests that, in general, the nitrogen source...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02010548
更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diverse microbial communities living in subsurface coal seams are responsible for important geochemical processes including the movement of carbon between the geosphere, biosphere and atmosphere. Microbial conversion of the organic matter in coal to methane involves a complex assemblage of bacteria and archaea working...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-019-01471-y
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteus spp. bacteria were first described in 1885 by Gustav Hauser, who had revealed their feature of intensive swarming growth. Currently, the genus is divided into Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus penneri, Proteus hauseri, and three unnamed genomospecies 4, 5, and 6 and consists of 80 O-antigenic serogr...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00248-015-0720-6
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We demonstrated previously that Cr(VI) is readily reduced to oxoCr(V)-diols at the surface of Arthrobacter oxydans-a Gram-positive aerobic bacteria isolated from Columbia basalt rocks originated from a highly contaminated site in the USA. Here, we report an electron spin resonance (ESR) study of Cr(III) hydroxide form...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-008-9476-6
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The movement of bacterial cells along with fungal hyphae in soil (the mycosphere) has been reported in several previous studies. However, how local soil conditions affect bacterial migration direction in the mycosphere has not been extensively studied. Here, we investigated the influence of two soil parameters, pH and...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-017-1137-1
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of fungi in metal cycling in acidic environments has been little explored to date. In this study, two acid-tolerant and metal-resistant Penicillium isolates, strains ShG4B and ShG4C, were isolated from a mine site in the Transbaikal area of Siberia (Russia). Waters at the mine site were characterized by extre...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-018-1186-0
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbial biodiversity provides an increasingly important source of medically and industrially useful compounds. We have isolated 14 actinomycete species from a collection of approximately 300 plant stem samples from the upper Amazonian rainforest in Peru. All of the cultured isolates produce substances with inhibitor...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-009-9494-z
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Freshwater wetlands constitute important ecosystems, and their benthic, attached microbial communities, including biofilms, represent key habitats that contribute to primary productivity, nutrient cycling, and substrate stabilization. In many wetland biofilms, algae constitute significant parts of the microbial popula...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-007-9253-y
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incorporation of [(14)C]leucine into proteins of bacteria was studied in a temperate mesohumic lake. The maximum incorporation of [(14)C] leucine was reached at a concentration of 30 nM determined in dilution cultures. Growth experiments were used to estimate factors for converting leucine incorporation to bacterial c...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00176953
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Knowledge of the distribution of Paenibacillus larvae spores, the causative agent of American foulbrood (AFB), among individual adult honey bees is crucial for determining the appropriate number of adult bees to include in apiary composite samples when screening for diseased colonies. To study spore distribution at th...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-007-9342-y
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dynamics of a marine virus-host system were investigated at different steady state growth rates in chemostat cultures and the data were analyzed using a simple model. The virus-host interactions showed strong dependence on host cell growth rate. The duration of the infection cycle and the virus burst size were fou...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002480000050
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Composition and distribution of planktonic protists were examined relative to microbial food web dynamics (growth, grazing, and nitrogen cycling rates) at the Old Woman Creek (OWC) National Estuarine Research Reserve during an episodic storm event in July 2003. More than 150 protistan taxa were identified based on mor...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-004-0250-0
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary succession is a fundamental process in macroecosystems; however, if and how soil development influences microbial community structure is poorly understood. Thus, we investigated changes in the bacterial community along a chronosequence of three unvegetated, early successional soils ( approximately 20-year age ...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-006-9144-7
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Members of Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) have been known as plant, animal, and human pathogens. Nevertheless, the taxonomic status of such an important group of fungi is still very confusing and many new species as well as lineages have been elucidated recently. Unfortunately, most of the new taxa came from t...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-014-0494-2
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
