Early antiretroviral therapy on reducing HIV transmission in China: strengths, weaknesses and next focus of the program.

Abstract:

:Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is a recommended public health approach for the prevention of HIV-1 transmission. In this cohort study, we included 13132 serodiscordant couples. ART was initiated for patients with CD4+ T cell counts less than 200 cells/uL, 350 cells/uL, and 500 cells/uL respectively. This divided the ART treated couples into three groups. Univariate and multivariate intention-to-treat analyses were performed to examine the association between the study groups. Early-ART initiation was associated with a 45% lower risk of partner infection than was late-ART initiation (AHR 0.55, 95% CI, 0.37-0.81). Mid-ART initiation was associated with a 39% lower risk of partner infection than was late-ART initiation (AHR 0.61, 95% CI, 0.48-0.78). However, the risk reduction between the early and mid-ART groups was not significant. Drug compliance (AHR 1.55, 95% CI 1.03-2.35) and increased baseline viral load (AHR 1.41, 95% CI 1.33-1.51) were associated with an increased risk of infections among partners in the treatment. Prevention of HIV transmission as a result of early ART initiation was feasible on national and regional scales; however, many factors, such as the motivation to commence ART, adherence, and attrition, may affect the impact of this strategy in programmatic settings.

journal_name

Sci Rep

journal_title

Scientific reports

authors

Liu P,Tang Z,Lan G,Zhu Q,Chen H,You Y,Yang X,Liang S,Chen Y,Xing H,Liao L,Feng Y,Shen Z,Ruan Y,Shao Y

doi

10.1038/s41598-018-21791-2

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-02-21 00:00:00

pages

3431

issue

1

issn

2045-2322

pii

10.1038/s41598-018-21791-2

journal_volume

8

pub_type

杂志文章
  • A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.

    abstract::Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin. In this study, the gene named IbSSI, was cloned from sweet potato, an important starch crop. A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato. Its overexpression significantly incr...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02481-x

    authors: Wang Y,Li Y,Zhang H,Zhai H,Liu Q,He S

    更新日期:2017-05-24 00:00:00

  • An ecologically-controlled exoskeleton can improve balance recovery after slippage.

    abstract::The evolution to bipedalism forced humans to develop suitable strategies for dynamically controlling their balance, ensuring stability, and preventing falling. The natural aging process and traumatic events such as lower-limb loss can alter the human ability to control stability significantly increasing the risk of fa...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep46721

    authors: Monaco V,Tropea P,Aprigliano F,Martelli D,Parri A,Cortese M,Molino-Lova R,Vitiello N,Micera S

    更新日期:2017-05-11 00:00:00

  • Genomic DNA variation confirmed Seriola lalandi comprises three different populations in the Pacific, but with recent divergence.

    abstract::Captive breeding programs and aquaculture production have commenced worldwide for the globally distributed yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi), and captive bred fingerlings are being shipped from the Southern Hemisphere to be farmed in the Northern Hemisphere. It was recently proposed that Pacific S. lalandi compris...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07419-x

    authors: Premachandra HKA,la Cruz FL,Takeuchi Y,Miller A,Fielder S,O'Connor W,Frère CH,Nguyen NH,Bar I,Knibb W

    更新日期:2017-08-24 00:00:00

  • A 64-pin Nanowire Surface Fastener Like a Ball Grid Array Applied for Room-temperature Electrical Bonding.

    abstract::Surface-mount techniques primarily depend on soldering. However, soldering techniques have encountered some challenges in recent years. These challenges include rare metal recycling, thermal problems, and Pb toxicity. We recently developed a metallic nanowire surface fastener (NSF) to resolve the abovementioned proble...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37693-2

    authors: Toku Y,Ichioka K,Morita Y,Ju Y

    更新日期:2019-01-31 00:00:00

  • Incorporation and antimicrobial activity of nisin Z within carrageenan/chitosan multilayers.

    abstract::An antimicrobial peptide, nisin Z, was embedded within polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) composed of natural polysaccharides in order to explore the potential of forming a multilayer with antimicrobial properties. Using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FTIR), the formation of c...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79702-3

    authors: Webber JL,Namivandi-Zangeneh R,Drozdek S,Wilk KA,Boyer C,Wong EHH,Bradshaw-Hajek BH,Krasowska M,Beattie DA

    更新日期:2021-01-18 00:00:00

  • Gene expression profiling gut microbiota in different races of humans.

    abstract::The gut microbiome is shaped and modified by the polymorphisms of microorganisms in the intestinal tract. Its composition shows strong individual specificity and may play a crucial role in the human digestive system and metabolism. Several factors can affect the composition of the gut microbiome, such as eating habits...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep23075

    authors: Chen L,Zhang YH,Huang T,Cai YD

    更新日期:2016-03-15 00:00:00

  • Fewer clouds in the Mediterranean: consistency of observations and climate simulations.

    abstract::Clouds play a major role in the climate system, but large uncertainties remain about their decadal variations. Here we report a widespread decrease in cloud cover since the 1970 s over the Mediterranean region, in particular during the 1970 s-1980 s, especially in the central and eastern areas and during springtime. C...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep41475

    authors: Sanchez-Lorenzo A,Enriquez-Alonso A,Calbó J,González JA,Wild M,Folini D,Norris JR,Vicente-Serrano SM

    更新日期:2017-02-02 00:00:00

  • Dispersion engineering with plasmonic nano structures for enhanced surface plasmon resonance sensing.

    abstract::We demonstrate numerically and experimentally the enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensing via dispersion engineering of the plasmonic response using plasmonic nanograting. Following their design and optimization, the plasmonic nanograting structures are fabricated using e-beam lithography and lift-off p...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27023-x

    authors: Arora P,Talker E,Mazurski N,Levy U

    更新日期:2018-06-13 00:00:00

  • DNA damage and Repair Modify DNA methylation and Chromatin Domain of the Targeted Locus: Mechanism of allele methylation polymorphism.

    abstract::We characterize the changes in chromatin structure, DNA methylation and transcription during and after homologous DNA repair (HR). We find that HR modifies the DNA methylation pattern of the repaired segment. HR also alters local histone H3 methylation as well chromatin structure by inducing DNA-chromatin loops connec...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep33222

    authors: Russo G,Landi R,Pezone A,Morano A,Zuchegna C,Romano A,Muller MT,Gottesman ME,Porcellini A,Avvedimento EV

    更新日期:2016-09-15 00:00:00

  • Predictive combinatorial design of mRNA translation initiation regions for systematic optimization of gene expression levels.

    abstract::Balancing the amounts of enzymes is one of the important factors to achieve optimum performance of a designed metabolic pathway. However, the random mutagenesis approach is impractical since it requires searching an unnecessarily large number of variants and often results in searching a narrow range of expression leve...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep04515

    authors: Seo SW,Yang JS,Cho HS,Yang J,Kim SC,Park JM,Kim S,Jung GY

    更新日期:2014-03-31 00:00:00

  • Genome and transcriptome analysis of surfactin biosynthesis in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MT45.

    abstract::Natural Bacillus isolates generate limited amounts of surfactin (<10% of their biomass), which functions as an antibiotic or signalling molecule in inter-/intra-specific interactions. However, overproduction of surfactin in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MT45 was observed at a titre of 2.93 g/l, which is equivalent to hal...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep40976

    authors: Zhi Y,Wu Q,Xu Y

    更新日期:2017-01-23 00:00:00

  • Machine Learning-Assisted Network Inference Approach to Identify a New Class of Genes that Coordinate the Functionality of Cancer Networks.

    abstract::Emerging evidence indicates the existence of a new class of cancer genes that act as "signal linkers" coordinating oncogenic signals between mutated and differentially expressed genes. While frequently mutated oncogenes and differentially expressed genes, which we term Class I cancer genes, are readily detected by mos...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07481-5

    authors: Ghanat Bari M,Ung CY,Zhang C,Zhu S,Li H

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Novel flow cytometry approach to identify bronchial epithelial cells from healthy human airways.

    abstract::Sampling various compartments within the lower airways to examine human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) is essential for understanding numerous lung diseases. Conventional methods to identify HBEC in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and wash (BW) have throughput limitations in terms of efficiency and ensuring adequate c...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep42214

    authors: Maestre-Batlle D,Pena OM,Hirota JA,Gunawan E,Rider CF,Sutherland D,Alexis NE,Carlsten C

    更新日期:2017-02-06 00:00:00

  • Clinical implications of intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast cancer for sentinel node status.

    abstract::Axillary lymph node status is an important prognostic factor for breast cancer patients and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a less invasive surgical proxy. We examined if consecutively derived molecular subtypes from primary breast cancers provide additional predictive value for SLNB status. 1556 patients with a ...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81538-4

    authors: Rossing M,Pedersen CB,Tvedskov T,Vejborg I,Talman ML,Olsen LR,Kroman N,Nielsen FC,Jensen MB,Ejlertsen B

    更新日期:2021-01-26 00:00:00

  • Short and Long-Term Outcomes After Surgical Procedures Lasting for More Than Six Hours.

    abstract::Long-term all-cause mortality and dependency after complex surgical procedures have not been assessed in the framework of value-based medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the postoperative and long-term outcomes after surgical procedures lasting for more than six hours. Retrospective cohort study of pati...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09833-7

    authors: Cornellà N,Sancho J,Sitges-Serra A

    更新日期:2017-08-23 00:00:00

  • CVD graphene as an electrochemical sensing platform for simultaneous detection of biomolecules.

    abstract::The development of electrochemical biosensors for the simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), uric acid (UA), tryptophan (Trp), and nitrite ([Formula: see text]) in human serum is reported in this work. Free-standing graphene nanosheets were fabricated on Ta wire using the chemical vapor depositio...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07646-2

    authors: Wang X,Gao D,Li M,Li H,Li C,Wu X,Yang B

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Occurrence of fibrates and their metabolites in source and drinking water in Shanghai and Zhejiang, China.

    abstract::Fibrates, which are widely used lipidaemic-modulating drugs, are emerging environmental pollutants. However, fibrate concentrations in the environment have not been thoroughly surveyed. Here, we determined concentrations of the most commonly used fibrates and their metabolites in source water and drinking water sample...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep45931

    authors: Ido A,Hiromori Y,Meng L,Usuda H,Nagase H,Yang M,Hu J,Nakanishi T

    更新日期:2017-04-12 00:00:00

  • Toxic Injury to Muscle Tissue of Rats Following Acute Oximes Exposure.

    abstract::Therapeutic application of newly developed oximes is limited due to their adverse effects on different tissues. Within this article, it has been investigated which morphological changes could be observed in Wistar rats after the treatment with increasing doses of selected acetyl cholinesterase reactivators - asoxime, ...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37837-4

    authors: Jaćević V,Nepovimova E,Kuča K

    更新日期:2019-02-06 00:00:00

  • Characterization of the electrical conductivity of bone and its correlation to osseous structure.

    abstract::The interaction of osseous tissue with electric fields is an important subject. The electrical stimulation of bone promotes osteogenesis, while bone impedance has been proposed as a measure of osteoporosis, to follow fracture healing, or as a method to improve safety of surgical procedures. However, a deeper understan...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26836-0

    authors: Balmer TW,Vesztergom S,Broekmann P,Stahel A,Büchler P

    更新日期:2018-06-05 00:00:00

  • Behaviour of aqueous sulfamethizole solution and temperature effects in cold plasma oxidation treatment.

    abstract::The increase in volume and variety of pharmaceuticals found in natural water bodies has become an increasingly serious environmental problem. The implementation of cold plasma technology, specifically gas-phase pulsed corona discharge (PCD), for sulfamethizole abatement was studied in the present work. It was observed...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27061-5

    authors: Sokolov A,Louhi-Kultanen M

    更新日期:2018-06-07 00:00:00

  • Quantifying travel behavior for infectious disease research: a comparison of data from surveys and mobile phones.

    abstract::Human travel impacts the spread of infectious diseases across spatial and temporal scales, with broad implications for the biological and social sciences. Individual data on travel patterns have been difficult to obtain, particularly in low-income countries. Travel survey data provide detailed demographic information,...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep05678

    authors: Wesolowski A,Stresman G,Eagle N,Stevenson J,Owaga C,Marube E,Bousema T,Drakeley C,Cox J,Buckee CO

    更新日期:2014-07-14 00:00:00

  • Machine Learning and Network Analyses Reveal Disease Subtypes of Pancreatic Cancer and their Molecular Characteristics.

    abstract::Given that the biological processes governing the oncogenesis of pancreatic cancers could present useful therapeutic targets, there is a pressing need to molecularly distinguish between different clinically relevant pancreatic cancer subtypes. To address this challenge, we used targeted proteomics and other molecular ...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58290-2

    authors: Sinkala M,Mulder N,Martin D

    更新日期:2020-01-27 00:00:00

  • Crystal structure of CobK reveals strand-swapping between Rossmann-fold domains and molecular basis of the reduced precorrin product trap.

    abstract::CobK catalyzes the essential reduction of the precorrin ring in the cobalamin biosynthetic pathway. The crystal structure of CobK reveals that the enzyme, despite not having the signature sequence, comprises two Rossmann fold domains which bind coenzyme and substrate respectively. The two parallel β-sheets have swappe...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep16943

    authors: Gu S,Sushko O,Deery E,Warren MJ,Pickersgill RW

    更新日期:2015-11-30 00:00:00

  • CARS spectroscopy of Aspergillus nidulans spores.

    abstract::Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) is performed on single spores (conidia) of the fungus Aspergillus nidulans in order to establish a baseline measurement for fungal spores. Chemical maps of single spores are generated and spectral differentiation between the cell wall and the cytoplasm is achieved. Princi...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37978-6

    authors: D Strycker B,Han Z,Commer B,D Shaw B,V Sokolov A,O Scully M

    更新日期:2019-02-11 00:00:00

  • PML nuclear bodies contribute to the basal expression of the mTOR inhibitor DDIT4.

    abstract::The promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein is an essential component of PML nuclear bodies (PML NBs) frequently lost in cancer. PML NBs coordinate chromosomal regions via modification of nuclear proteins that in turn may regulate genes in the vicinity of these bodies. However, few PML NB-associated genes have been ident...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep45038

    authors: Salsman J,Stathakis A,Parker E,Chung D,Anthes LE,Koskowich KL,Lahsaee S,Gaston D,Kukurba KR,Smith KS,Chute IC,Léger D,Frost LD,Montgomery SB,Lewis SM,Eskiw C,Dellaire G

    更新日期:2017-03-23 00:00:00

  • From crystal structure of α-conotoxin GIC in complex with Ac-AChBP to molecular determinants of its high selectivity for α3β2 nAChR.

    abstract::Acetylcholine binding proteins (AChBPs) are unique spatial homologs of the ligand-binding domains of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and they reproduce some pharmacological properties of nAChRs. X-ray crystal structures of AСhBP in complex with α-conotoxins provide important insights into the interactions ...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep22349

    authors: Lin B,Xu M,Zhu X,Wu Y,Liu X,Zhangsun D,Hu Y,Xiang SH,Kasheverov IE,Tsetlin VI,Wang X,Luo S

    更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00

  • Arabidopsis thaliana extracts optimized for polyphenols production as potential therapeutics for the APOE-modulated neuroinflammation characteristic of Alzheimer's disease in vitro.

    abstract::Although the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unknown, glial-induced neuroinflammation is an early symptom. Familial AD is caused by increases in amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, particularly soluble oligomeric (oAβ), considered a proximal neurotoxin and neuroinflammatory stimuli. APOE4, a naturally occurring genotype o...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep29364

    authors: Ghura S,Tai L,Zhao M,Collins N,Che CT,Warpeha KM,LaDu MJ

    更新日期:2016-07-07 00:00:00

  • Proteomic profiles before and during weight loss: Results from randomized trial of dietary intervention.

    abstract::Inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers have been associated with obesity, but little is known about how they change upon dietary intervention and concomitant weight loss. Further, protein biomarkers might be useful for predicting weight loss in overweight and obese individuals. We performed secondary analyses in t...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64636-7

    authors: Figarska SM,Rigdon J,Ganna A,Elmståhl S,Lind L,Gardner CD,Ingelsson E

    更新日期:2020-05-13 00:00:00

  • Microbial oil-degradation under mild hydrostatic pressure (10 MPa): which pathways are impacted in piezosensitive hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria?

    abstract::Oil spills represent an overwhelming carbon input to the marine environment that immediately impacts the sea surface ecosystem. Microbial communities degrading the oil fraction that eventually sinks to the seafloor must also deal with hydrostatic pressure, which linearly increases with depth. Piezosensitive hydrocarbo...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/srep23526

    authors: Scoma A,Barbato M,Hernandez-Sanabria E,Mapelli F,Daffonchio D,Borin S,Boon N

    更新日期:2016-03-29 00:00:00

  • Dysregulated miRNA in a cancer-prone environment: A study of gastric non-neoplastic mucosa.

    abstract::Understanding cancer-prone environments is important to efficiently detect and prevent cancers. The associations between miRNA and cancer-prone environments are still largely unknown in gastric cancer (GC). Six miRNAs that are differentially expressed during gastric carcinogenesis were selected, and quantitative real-...

    journal_title:Scientific reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63230-1

    authors: Kim B,Jang J,Heo YJ,Kang SY,Yoo H,Sohn I,Min BH,Kim KM

    更新日期:2020-04-20 00:00:00