Abstract:
:Hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the most frequent cause of both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Here we demonstrate that the repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation of (GGGGCC) n -containing RNAs into poly-dipeptides can initiate in vivo without a 5'-cap. The primary RNA substrate for RAN translation of C9ORF72 sense repeats is shown to be the spliced first intron, following its excision from the initial pre-mRNA and transport to the cytoplasm. Cap-independent RAN translation is shown to be upregulated by various stress stimuli through phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF2α), the core event of an integrated stress response (ISR). Compounds inhibiting phospho-eIF2α-signaling pathways are shown to suppress RAN translation. Since the poly-dipeptides can themselves induce stress, these findings support a feedforward loop with initial repeat-mediated toxicity enhancing RAN translation and subsequent production of additional poly-dipeptides through ISR, thereby promoting progressive disease.
journal_name
Nat Communjournal_title
Nature communicationsauthors
Cheng W,Wang S,Mestre AA,Fu C,Makarem A,Xian F,Hayes LR,Lopez-Gonzalez R,Drenner K,Jiang J,Cleveland DW,Sun Sdoi
10.1038/s41467-017-02495-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-04 00:00:00pages
51issue
1issn
2041-1723pii
10.1038/s41467-017-02495-zjournal_volume
9pub_type
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