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Parent participation in the neonatal intensive care unit: Predictors and relationships to neurobehavior and developmental outcomes.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To 1) define predictors of parent presence, any holding, holding in arms, and skin-to-skin care in the NICU and 2) investigate the relationships between parent participation and a) early neurobehavior and b) developmental outcomes at age 4 to 5years among preterm infants. METHODS:Eighty-one preterm infants born ≤32weeks estimated gestational age were prospectively enrolled within one week of life in a level III-IV NICU. Parent (maternal and paternal) presence and holding (including holding in arms and skin-to-skin care) were tracked throughout NICU hospitalization. Neurobehavior at term equivalent age and development at 4 to 5years were determined using standardized assessments. RESULTS:The median number of days per week parents were documented to be present over NICU hospitalization was 4.0 (IQR=2.4-5.8) days; days held per week 2.8 (IQR=1.4-4.3) days [holding in arms days per week was 2.2 (IQR=1.2-3.2) days and parent skin-to-skin care days per week was 0.2 (IQR=0.0-0.7) days]. More parent presence was observed among mothers who were Caucasian, married, older, or employed and among those who had fewer children, familial support and provided breast milk (p<0.05). More holding was observed in infants with fewer medical interventions (p<0.05) and among those who were Caucasian, had a father who was employed, had fewer children and family support (p<0.05). More parent holding in the NICU was related to better reflex development at term age (p=0.02). More parent skin-to-skin care was related to better infant reflexes (p=0.03) and less asymmetry (p=0.04) at term and better gross motor development (p=0.02) at 4-5years. DISCUSSION:Social and medical factors appear to impact parent presence, holding, and skin-to-skin care in the NICU. Parent holding is related to better developmental outcomes, which highlights the importance of engaging families in the NICU.

journal_name

Early Hum Dev

journal_title

Early human development

authors

Pineda R,Bender J,Hall B,Shabosky L,Annecca A,Smith J

doi

10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.12.008

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-02-01 00:00:00

pages

32-38

eissn

0378-3782

issn

1872-6232

pii

S0378-3782(17)30558-3

journal_volume

117

pub_type

杂志文章

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Parent participation in the neonatal intensive care unit: Predictors and relationships to neurobehavior and developmental outcomes.