Morphological fine tuning of the feeding apparatus to proboscis length in Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera).

Abstract:

:The form and function of the hesperiid feeding apparatus was studied in detail. The butterflies in the family Hesperiidae are of particular interest because the longest proboscis ever recorded in Papilionoidea was found in the Neotropical genus Damas. We focused on the functional morphology by comparing proboscis morphology as well as size and composition of both the stipes pump and the cibarial suction pump in skippers with short and extremely long proboscis. Results revealed that all studied Hesperiidae have the same proboscis micromorphology and sensilla endowment regardless of the proboscis length. However, the numbers of internal muscles of the proboscis, the morphology of the stipes pump as well as the pumping organs for nectar uptake are related to the proboscis length. We conclude that the low number of tip sensilla compared to proboscis length is responsible for remarkably longer manipulation times of long-proboscid species during flower visits. The organs for proboscis movements and nectar uptake organs are well tuned to the respective proboscis length and are accordingly bigger in species with a proboscis that measures twice the body length.

journal_name

J Morphol

journal_title

Journal of morphology

authors

Krenn HW,Bauder JA

doi

10.1002/jmor.20780

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-03-01 00:00:00

pages

396-408

issue

3

eissn

0362-2525

issn

1097-4687

journal_volume

279

pub_type

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