Abstract:
:A technique involving 5-bromodeoxyuridine, 33258 Hoechst, and fluorescence microscopy has been used to analyze replication kinetics in cells from embryonic and adult mice bearing the Cattanach [T(X;7)ICt] translocation in a balanced or an unbalanced form. In balanced 9- and 13-day female embryos, the translocated X was late replicating in 28 and 22% of the cells, respectively, whereas it was late replicating in only 13% of adult cells. In contrast, in unbalanced females, the translocated X was late replicating in 62 and 70% of 9- and 13-day embryos and in 70% of adult cells. Such divergent late replication frequencies suggest the operation, during development, of selection against cells with extreme genetic imbalance. Within a late-replicating translocated X chromosome, the autosomal segment itself replicated late approximately half of the time, regardless of karyotypic balance. The late replication data are consistent with the measurements of levels of mitochondrial malic enzyme (MOD-2, whose locus is on the autosomal segment) activity in these mice [Eicher E. & Coleman, D. (1977) Genetics 85, 647-658]. The present study also shows a dissociation between the replication timing in X chromatin distal and proximal to the autosomal segment, supporting the hypothesis of at least two inactivation centers in the X chromosome.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Disteche CM,Eicher EM,Latt SAdoi
10.1073/pnas.76.10.5234subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-10-01 00:00:00pages
5234-8issue
10eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We and others have reported that the vast majority of virus-producing CD4(+) T cells during the acute infection of rhesus macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) or CXCR4 (X4)-using simian/human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) exhibited a nonactivated phenotype. These findings have been extended to show tha...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0903022106
更新日期:2009-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::DNA repair alkyltransferases protect organisms against the cytotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects of alkylating agents by transferring alkyl adducts from DNA to an active cysteine on the protein, thereby restoring the native DNA structure. We used random sequence substitutions to gain structure-function inform...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.12.6124
更新日期:1996-06-11 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.11.5046
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A molecular assembly based on derivatized polystyrene is described, which mimics both the light-harvesting and energy-conversion steps of photosynthesis. The system is unique in that the two key parts of a photosynthetic system are incorporated in a functional assembly constructed from polypyridine complexes of Ru(II)...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.14.7687
更新日期:2000-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Engagement of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) leads to rapid activation of protein tyrosine kinases, which in turn phosphorylate downstream enzymes and adapter proteins. Some adapter proteins, such as SLP-76, Vav, and LAT, positively regulate TCR-mediated signal transduction, whereas others, such as Cbl, play an inh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.17.9775
更新日期:1999-08-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1220710110
更新日期:2013-08-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1722617115
更新日期:2018-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::mRNA coding for mouse major transplantation antigens of the d haplotype was partially purified, copied into double-stranded cDNA, and cloned in Escherichia coli. Clones were selected by their ability to hybridize specifically with mRNA coding for H-2K, D, or L antigens. One of these clones, pH-2d-1, carries a 1200-bas...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.5.2772
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The NMR structures of three single-amino acid variants of the C-terminal domain of the human prion protein, hPrP(121-230), are presented. In hPrP(M166V) and hPrP(R220K) the substitution is with the corresponding residue in murine PrP, and in hPrP(S170N) it is with the corresponding Syrian hamster residue. All three su...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.15.8340
更新日期:2000-07-18 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0914287107
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::CSB/ERCC6 belongs to an orphan subfamily of SWI2/SNF2-related chromatin remodelers and plays crucial roles in gene expression, DNA damage repair, and the maintenance of genome integrity. The molecular basis of chromatin remodeling by Cockayne syndrome B protein (CSB) is not well understood. Here we investigate the mol...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1818163116
更新日期:2019-03-26 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1808021115
更新日期:2018-08-07 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.22.8659
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influenza virus hemagglutinin polypeptides, HA1 and HA2, have been purified by gel filtration in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate from a vaccine preparation of the recombinant strain Heq1N2. Use of this technique for purification of the hemagglutinin polypeptides eliminated the need for proteolytic agents fo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.1.238
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.18.8333
更新日期:1995-08-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.15.4838
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2009-11-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::RNA interference, mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), is a conserved regulatory process that has evolved as an antiviral defense mechanism in plants and animals. It is not known whether host cells also use siRNAs as an antibacterial defense mechanism in eukaryotes. Here, we report the discovery of an endogeno...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2006-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial proteins often localize to distinct sites within the cell, but the primary cues that dictate localization are largely unknown. Recent evidence has shown that positive membrane curvature can serve as a cue for localization of a peripheral membrane protein. Here we report that localization of the peripheral me...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0906851106
更新日期:2009-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a 130-kDa transmembrane receptor for semaphorins, mediators of neuronal guidance, and for vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF(165)), an angiogenesis factor. A 2.2-kb truncated NRP1 cDNA was cloned that encodes a 644-aa soluble NRP1 (sNRP1) isoform containing just the a/CUB and b/coagula...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.040337597
更新日期:2000-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Germ-line stem cells (GSCs) are maintained by the somatic microenvironment, or GSC niche, which ensures that GSCs can both self-renew and produce functional gametes. However, it remains unclear how the proper niche size and location are regulated within the developing gonads. In the Drosophila testis, the hub cells th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1003462107
更新日期:2010-08-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1101073108
更新日期:2011-03-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3413
更新日期:1993-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.22.6866
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory cytochrome c has been found to be phosphorylated at tyrosine 97 in the postischemic brain upon neuroprotective insulin treatment, but how such posttranslational modification affects mitochondrial metabolism is unclear. Here, we report the structural features and functional behavior of a phosphomimetic cyto...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1806833115
更新日期:2018-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::The thyroid hormone and retinoid X receptors form a heterodimer with each other and mediate thyroid hormone (T3)-dependent transcription. Retinoid X receptor, in addition, forms a homodimer and mediates 9-cis-retinoic acid-dependent transcription. Here, recombinant thyroid hormone receptor and recombinant retinoid X r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.5.1647
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scaling down the size of computing circuits is about to reach the limitations imposed by the discrete atomic structure of matter. Reducing the power requirements and thereby dissipation of integrated circuits is also essential. New paradigms are needed to sustain the rate of progress that society has become used to. S...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1109935108
更新日期:2011-08-23 00:00:00