Abstract：
:Invariant Natural killer T (iNKT) cells rapidly produce copious amounts of multiple cytokines after in vivo activation, allowing for the direct detection of a number of cytokines directly ex vivo. However, for some cytokines this approach is suboptimal. Here, we report technical variations that allow the improved detection of IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and IL-17A ex vivo. Furthermore, we describe an alternative approach for stimulation of iNKT cells in vitro that allows a significantly improved detection of cytokines produced by iNKT cells. Together, these protocols allow the detection of iNKT cell cytokines ex vivo and in vitro with increased sensitivity.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Sag D,Özkan M,Kronenberg M,Wingender Gdoi
10.1038/s41598-017-16832-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-30 00:00:00pages
16607issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-017-16832-1journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:To what extent deep-time dispersal limitation shapes present-day biodiversity at broad spatial scales remains elusive. Here, we compiled a continental dataset on the distributions of African lizard species in the reptile subfamily Agaminae (a relatively young, Neogene radiation of agamid lizards which ancestors coloni...
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