Abstract:
:The constructs and the provision of preconception and obstetrical care have historically been based on the assumption of heterosexuality, and have often excluded lesbian women. However, due to significant strides in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) civil rights, more lesbian women desire to create and expand their families, and lesbian parented families are increasing. This places obstetrical care providers at the forefront of the movement to build inclusive health care environments. Therefore, it is incumbent upon those of us who work in obstetrics to understand, recognize, and respect the unique cultural considerations that pertain to lesbian women and couples seeking parenthood. This review seeks to provide culturally sensitive guidance on the specific concerns and challenges lesbians face, from preconception care to postpartum care, and briefly addresses legal issues and considerations for the nonbiologic mother. The recommendations outlined here are drawn from studies of the experiences of lesbian women with pregnancy. However, the scientific literature is very limited, and there is a clear need for additional obstetrical research focused on this patient group. As professionals committed to assuring optimal outcomes for all obstetrical patients, it is crucial that we promote the inclusion of sexual minority women in our clinical practices and research endeavors.
journal_name
Semin Reprod Medjournal_title
Seminars in reproductive medicineauthors
Bushe S,Romero ILdoi
10.1055/s-0037-1606385subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-09-01 00:00:00pages
420-425issue
5eissn
1526-8004issn
1526-4564journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The human uterus mainly consists of two layers: an inner endometrium and an outer layer, the myometrium, made of smooth muscle. The uterus is characterized by its unique capacity for regeneration. This capacity permits cyclical regeneration and remodeling of the tissue over the course of a woman's reproductive life. D...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1331801
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contraceptive vaginal rings (CVRs) contain sex steroids that diffuse through a plastic polymer ring at a constant rate and are absorbed directly through the vaginal epithelium into the systemic circulation. This delivery system provides many advantages over oral contraceptives (OCs), including avoidance of the first-p...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2001-18646
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::As sperm traverse the female tract from vagina to oocyte, they experience a steroid milieu, which due to transcriptional inactivity, they can only respond to via non-genomic signaling. This environment mediates events including capacitation, changes in motility patterns, chemotaxis, and acrosome reaction. Current know...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-973433
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::As fertility rates among women of advanced reproductive age have steadily increased, so has the utilization of fertility services. National health policies provide infertility treatment coverage in several developed countries; however, in the United States infertility treatment is largely privately funded, resulting i...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1336600
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trophoblast cells of the murine placenta are derived from the trophectoderm (TE) cells of the preimplantation embryo. Establishment of the TE cell lineage is the result of a cell segregation event early in blastomere division. Models of cell lineage segregation suggest it is driven by the internalization of spatial in...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1570025
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minimally invasive gynecologic surgery is continuously pushing its limits by embracing ever more sophisticated technology. This is also true for reproductive surgery, arguably the birthplace of gynecologic endoscopy, where minimally invasive treatment of uterine, tubal, ovarian, and peritoneal pathology has long becom...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1272478
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subclinical hypothyroidism has been found to be associated with adverse reproductive outcomes, such as infertility, miscarriage, preterm birth, and complications of pregnancy. Multiple studies have investigated the relationships between thyroid function, thyroid antibodies, fertility, and pregnancy. Thyroid autoimmuni...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1593487
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article the role of LH receptor gene mutations in patients with aberrant sex differentiation is discussed. In a dominant autosomal familial form of precocious puberty in boys (familial male-limited precocious puberty) LH receptor gene mutations have been identified. These single amino acid changes, mostly foun...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2002-35384
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogens are frequently used in reproductive medicine. The Women's Health Initiative trial found that the risks of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) exceed the benefits. The estrogens in MHT, however, were introduced prior to our understanding of the mechanism of action of estrogens. Estrogen signaling is highly compl...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1299593
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, there has been increasing concern regarding the safety of in vitro fertilization (IVF) because of the potential health impact on these infants. Multiple pregnancy contributes the vast majority of morbidity associated with IVF and, initially, many thought that adverse outcomes after IVF were solely att...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1087108
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), long considered diseases of little significance to global health, represent the greatest threat to economic development and human health. The main NCDs-diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and chronic respiratory disease-are the world's number one killer and bear the greatest burd...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0034-1395277
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of glycerol to protect cells from freezing injury was discovered accidentally. The subsequent development of cryopreservation techniques has had a huge impact in many fields, most notably in reproductive medicine. Freezing injury has been shown to have two components, direct damage from the ice crystals an...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2002-23515
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the genetic origin of many human diseases and phenotypes has been long and widely recognized, identification of the causative gene alleles has been limited, slow, and cumbersome. This has changed substantially with the introduction of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) a decade ago, fueled by studies and...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1585406
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity-related infertility is one of the most common problems of reproductive-age obese women who desire childbearing. The various types of bariatric surgeries have proved effective in controlling excessive weight gain, improving fertility, and preventing certain maternal and fetal complications in these women. This ...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1328880
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a widely used fertility treatment for couples with male and/or non-male factor infertility and is a relatively simple and inexpensive procedure. When used for unexplained infertility, IUI combined with ovarian stimulation increases the pregnancy rates, but evidence does not support t...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0034-1375183
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) most often seek treatment for reduction of hair growth and/or acne, restoration of menstrual cyclicity, and infertility. In addition, these patients are increasingly seeking advise and treatment for the metabolic abnormalities related to PCOS (e.g., insulin resistance and ty...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2003-43305
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complementary therapies and medicines are a broad and diverse range of treatments, and are frequently used by women and their partners during the preconception period to assist with infertility, and to address pregnancy-related conditions. Despite frequent use, the evidence examining the efficacy, effectiveness, and s...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1571194
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anejaculation within the context of a male infertility evaluation can be a distressing condition for patients. A variety of causes for anejaculation have been identified, and although the condition cannot be reversed, in many cases a minimally invasive treatment is feasible, allowing the patient to pursue his desire f...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1202307
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reproductive performance may be an important variable in treatment selection for unruptured ectopic pregnancy. The impact of treatment choice on reproductive performance is not known. We searched the literature and then tabulated published case reports on laparoscopic salpingostomy, multiple-dose methotrexate, single-...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-970052
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to gonadotoxic agents for treating cancer and other diseases or postponement of maternity jeopardize the prospects of genetic parenthood and are major factors driving the development of fertility preservation technologies. Although its mainstays, cryopreservation and vitrification, have been adopted from infe...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1241051
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Old World monkeys display physiological responses to steroid hormones that are similar to those of women. In this review, we describe cyclic morphological changes that take place within the uterus of Old World primates during the menstrual cycle. In primates, estrogen stimulates endometrial growth in the follicular ph...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376357
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::HOX genes, encoding homeodomain transcription factors, are dynamically expressed in endometrium, where they are necessary for endometrial growth, differentiation, and implantation. In human endometrium, the expression of HOXA10 and HOXA11 is driven by sex steroids, with peak expression occurring at time of implantatio...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1242996
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In non industrialized countries the incidence of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) appears to be similar to that of industrialized countries, although data is scanty. In low-resource settings, women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) often delay seeking medical care because of cultural beliefs that a heavy red menstrua...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1287668
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is the most critical modulator of reproductive function. Genetic or environmental insults to the HPG axis during developmental windows can persist into adulthood, and processes such as gonadal hormone synthesis, timing of puberty, and fertility can be affected. At the leve...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0037-1599083
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asoprisnil (J 867; benzaldehyde, 4-[(11beta, 17beta)-17-methoxy-17-(methoxymethyl)-3-oxoestra-4, 9-dien-11beta-yl]-, 1-oxime) is the prototype of a novel class 11beta-benzaldoxime-substituted selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) and the first-in-class SPRM to reach an advanced stage of clinical developme...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2005-864034
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assisted reproductive techniques have revolutionized the treatment of male reproductive failure, allowing biological fatherhood to be achieved by many men that nature would have never permitted. As we are able to help more and more couples with our therapies, the genetic basis of the man's spermatogenic, anatomical, o...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1307418
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging has dramatic effects on the reproductive system in women. Undoubtedly, the most notable changes in the neuroendocrine axis arise from the loss of ovarian function, and thus, the loss of negative feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary. Progressive decreases in inhibin B and inhibin A result in an early increa...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-984740
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Susceptibility to disease begins during fetal life, and adverse events in utero are a critical factor in determining quality of life and overall health. In fact, up to 50% of metabolic syndrome diseases can be attributed to an adverse in utero environment. However, the mechanisms linking impaired fetal development to ...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1275523
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aromatase p450 (p450arom) is the key enzyme for biosynthesis of estrogen, which is an essential hormone for the establishment and growth of endometriosis. There is no detectable aromatase enzyme activity in normal endometrium; therefore, estrogen is not locally produced in endometrium. Endometriosis tissue, however, c...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2004-823026
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction and patterning of the testis occurs over a brief window of time. Before male-specific morphogenesis, the gonad primordium is bipotential and capable of developing into either an ovary or testis. However, expression of the transcription factor SRY initiates male development and induces patterning, proliferati...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1108005
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00