Abstract:
:Despite significant advances in combinations of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, altered fractionation schedules and image-guided radiotherapy, many cancer patients fail to benefit from radiation. A prevailing hypothesis is that targeting repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSB) can enhance radiation effects in the tumor and overcome therapeutic resistance without incurring off-target toxicities. Unrepaired DSBs can block cancer cell proliferation, promote cancer cell death, and induce cellular senescence. Given the slow progress to date translating novel DSB repair inhibitors as radiosensitizers, we have explored drug repurposing, a proven route to improving speed, costs, and success rates of drug development. In a prior screen where we tracked resolution of ionizing radiation-induced foci (IRIF) as a proxy for DSB repair, we had identified pitavastatin (Livalo), an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor commonly used for lipid lowering, as a candidate radiosensitizer. Here, we report that pitavastatin and other lipophilic statins are potent inhibitors of DSB repair in breast and melanoma models both in vitro and in vivo When combined with ionizing radiation, pitavastatin increased persistent DSBs, induced senescence, and enhanced acute effects of radiation on radioresistant melanoma tumors. shRNA knockdown implicated HMG-CoA reductase, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, and protein farnesyl transferase in IRIF resolution, DSB repair, and senescence. These data confirm on-target activity of statins, although via inhibition of protein prenylation rather than cholesterol biosynthesis. In light of prior studies demonstrating enhanced efficacy of radiotherapy in patients taking statins, this work argues for clinical evaluation of lipophilic statins as nontoxic radiosensitizers to enhance the benefits of image-guided radiotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(2); 407-18. ©2017 AACRSee all articles in this MCT Focus section, "Developmental Therapeutics in Radiation Oncology."
journal_name
Mol Cancer Therjournal_title
Molecular cancer therapeuticsauthors
Efimova EV,Ricco N,Labay E,Mauceri HJ,Flor AC,Ramamurthy A,Sutton HG,Weichselbaum RR,Kron SJdoi
10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-0288subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-02-01 00:00:00pages
407-418issue
2eissn
1535-7163issn
1538-8514pii
1535-7163.MCT-17-0288journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Histone deacetylase inhibitors represent a promising new class of anticancer agents. In the current investigation, we examined the activity of PXD101, a potent histone deacetylase inhibitor, used alone or in combination with clinically relevant chemotherapeutics (docetaxel, paclitaxel, and carboplatin), in preclinical...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0111
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a primary stimulant of angiogenesis and is a macrophage chemotactic protein. Inhibition of VEGF is beneficial in combination with chemotherapy for some breast cancer patients. However, the mechanism by which inhibition of VEGF affects tumor growth seems to involve more than...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0280
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in ERK signaling drive a significant percentage of malignancies. LY3009120, a pan-RAF and dimer inhibitor, has preclinical activity in RAS- and BRAF-mutated cell lines including BRAF-mutant melanoma resistant to BRAF inhibitors. This multicenter, open-label, phase I clinical trial (NCT02014116) consisted of ...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-19-0681
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Barasertib (AZD1152), a highly potent and selective aurora kinase B inhibitor, gave promising clinical activity in elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, clinical utility was limited by the requirement for a 7-day infusion. Here we assessed the potential of a nanoparticle formulation of the selective ...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0580
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::HER2-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab, have increased the survival rates of HER2+ breast cancer patients. However, despite these therapies, many tumors eventually develop resistance to these therapies. Our lab previously reported an unexpected sensitivity of HER2+ breast cancer cells to poly (ADP-ribose) polyme...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-0302
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histopathologic grading of astrocytic tumors based on current WHO criteria offers a valuable but simplified representation of oncologic reality and is often insufficient to predict clinical outcome. In this study, we report a new astrocytic tumor microarray gene expression data set (n = 65). We have used a simple arti...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-0177
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA methylation, histone modifications, and nucleosomal occupancy collaborate to cause silencing of tumor-related genes in cancer. The development of drugs that target these processes is therefore important for cancer therapy. Inhibitors of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation have been approved by the Food and D...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0013
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from birch bark and other plants, selectively inhibits the growth of human cancer cell lines. However, the poor potency of BA hinders its clinical development, despite a lack of toxicity in animal studies even at high concentrations. Here, we describe six BA deriv...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-0180
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibitors of histone deacetylases have been approved for clinical application in cancer treatment. On the other hand, histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitors have been less extensively investigated for their potential use in cancer therapy. In prostate cancer, the HATs and coactivators p300 and CBP are upregulated...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0182
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to evaluate circulating hepatocyte growth factor (cHGF) as a pharmacodynamic biomarker of Met inhibition for onartuzumab (MetMAb, OA5D5v2) in a phase I trial in patients with advanced cancers and a phase II trial in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The phase I study was a dose escala...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-13-0015
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common human cancers worldwide. Recent studies show that regulatory T cells (Treg) have a critical role in the modulation of an antitumor immune response, and consequently the SCC development. Because the accumulation of Tregs at the tumor site is, in part, due to selec...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-0341
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Aggressive treatment regimens have not changed the disease course, and the median survival has just recently reached a year. Several mechanisms are proposed to play a role in PDAC therapeutic resistanc...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0253
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flex-Het drugs induce apoptosis in multiple types of cancer cells, with little effect on normal cells. This apoptosis occurs through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway accompanied by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The objective of this study was to determine if direct or indirect targeting of mitochondr...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0279
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metastasis is the primary determinant of death in patients with diverse solid tumors and MDA-9/Syntenin (SDCBP), a pro-metastatic and pro-angiogenic gene, contributes to this process. Recently, we documented that by physically interacting with IGF-1R, MDA-9/Syntenin activates STAT3 and regulates prostate cancer pathog...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-18-1019
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant activation of the Notch signaling pathway is implicated in many solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma, indicating a potential use of Notch inhibitors for treatment. In this study, we investigated the antitumor and antimetastasis efficacy of the novel Notch inhibitor (γ-secretase inhibitor) PF-03084...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-0001
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::IPI-504 is a novel, highly soluble small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a protein chaperone essential for regulating homeostasis of oncoproteins and cell signaling proteins. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2) oncoprotein, expressed in a subset of metastatic breast cancers, is ...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-1038
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The standard treatment for advanced, androgen-responsive prostate cancer is androgen deprivation therapy with or without a nonsteroidal antiandrogen, such as bicalutamide. Although maximal androgen blockade exhibits favorable responses in the majority of patients, prostate cancer eventually progresses to an androgen-r...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0823
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This meeting report on the fourth Fabisch Symposium for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology describes the aims of the international meeting, the main topics of the presentations, and the highlights of the conference. The fourth Fabisch Symposium was the second on Targeted Tumor Therapies and held from April 1-3, 200...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0491
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains dependent on androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Alternative splicing of the AR to generate constitutively active, ligand-independent variants is one of the principal mechanisms that promote the development of resistance to next-generation antiandrogens such as enzalut...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-14-1057
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cell factor (SCF)/Kit and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)/IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) autocrine loops play a prominent role in the growth of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Previous data suggested that IGF-I protects cells from apoptosis induced by STI571, an efficient inhibitor of Kit signal transduction, by act...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel oral Hsp90 inhibitor, NVP-HSP990, has been developed and characterized in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, NVP-HSP990 exhibits single digit nanomolar IC(50) values on three of the Hsp90 isoforms (Hsp90α, Hsp90β, and GRP94) and 320 nanomolar IC(50) value on the fourth (TRAP-1), with selectivity against unrelated en...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0667
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contrary to other anticancer targets, topoisomerase I (TOP1) is targeted by only one chemical class of FDA-approved drugs: topotecan and irinotecan, the derivatives of the plant alkaloid, camptothecin. The indenoisoquinolines LMP400, LMP744, and LMP776 are novel noncamptothecin TOP1 inhibitors in clinical trial, which...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-18-0028
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::miR34a is a tumor-suppressor miRNA that functions within the p53 pathway to regulate cell-cycle progression and apoptosis. With apparent roles in metastasis and cancer stem cell development, miR34a provides an interesting opportunity for therapeutic development. A mimic of miR34a was complexed with an amphoteric lipos...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-14-0209
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zoledronic acid (ZOL) has been shown to reduce osteolysis in bone metastasis. Its efficacy in osteosarcoma has not been convincingly proved in a clinically relevant model for the disease. In vitro, ZOL decreased osteosarcoma cell proliferation, mainly due to an increase in apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. There ...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-0546
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bortezomib combination with gemcitabine/cisplatin in patients with advanced tumors, predominantly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), showed an unexpected transient drop in the deoxycytidine plasma levels, a marker for gemcitabine activity. This study investigates the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic effect of bortezom...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0700
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor gefitinib (Iressa) to prevent/treat methylnitrosourea (MNU)-induced mammary cancers and to modulate biomarkers in female Sprague-Dawley rats was examined. Rats were given a single dose of MNU (75 mg/kg body weight) at 50 days of age. In the prevention studi...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-2141
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overexpression of Notch receptors and ligands has been associated with various cancers and developmental disorders, making Notch a potential therapeutic target. Here, we report characterization of Notch1 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with therapeutic potential. The mAbs generated against epidermal growth factor (EGF) re...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0508
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photodynamic therapy (PDT) induces the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) subunit of the HIF-1 transcription factor and its target genes in vitro and in vivo. PDT also induces the expression of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 and its metabolite, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). PGE2 and hypoxia act ind...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0421
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::HER2-positive breast cancer is currently managed with chemotherapy in combination with specific anti-HER2 therapies, including trastuzumab. However, a high percentage of patients with HER2-positive tumors do not respond to trastuzumab (primary resistance) or either recur (acquired resistance), mostly due to molecular ...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-19-1172
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue transglutaminase 2 belongs to a family of transglutaminase proteins that confers mechanical resistance from proteolysis and stabilizes proteins. Transglutaminase 2 promotes transamidation between glutamine and lysine residues with the formation of covalent linkages between proteins. Transglutaminase 2 also inte...
journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-04-0328
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00