Abstract:
:Developmental profiles were determined for the activities of eight enzymes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation in rat brain. The enzymes studied were the palmitoyl-CoA, octanoyl-CoA, butyryl-CoA, glutaryl-CoA, and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenases, the enoyl-CoA hydratase (crotonase), and the C4- and C10-thiolases. With the exception of the thiolases, all of the activities (expressed on the basis of brain weight) increased during the postnatal period of brain maturation. The activity of octanoyl-CoA dehydrogenase was elevated markedly compared to that of palmitoyl-CoA dehydrogenase at all developmental stages and in all brain regions in the rat. A similar relationship between these enzymes was observed in various regions of adult human brain. Comparisons of the activities of the beta-oxidation enzymes in human brain versus human skeletal muscle and in cultured neural cell lines (neuroblastoma and glioma) versus cultured skin fibroblasts revealed that the elevated activity of octanoyl-CoA dehydrogenase relative to palmitoyl-CoA dehydrogenase was specific to the neural tissues. This relationship was particularly evident when the enzyme activities were normalized to the activity of crotonase. The data support previous findings with radiochemical tracers, indicating that the brain is capable of utilizing fatty acids as substrates for oxidative energy metabolism. The relatively high activity of the medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase in neural tissue may represent an adaptive mechanism to protect the brain from the known encephalopathic effects of octanoate and other medium-chain fatty acids that readily cross the blood-brain barrier.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Reichmann H,Maltese WA,DeVivo DCdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01044.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-08-01 00:00:00pages
339-44issue
2eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Increasing evidence suggests that the dopaminergic degeneration which characterizes Parkinson's disease starts in the striatal dopamine terminals and progresses retrogradely to the body of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra. The role of striatal astrocytes in the striatal initiation of the dopaminergic degeneratio...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13684
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enkephalin (ENK) has been implicated in nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord while its functional role is not clear because of difficulties in ideally visualizing ENKergic neurons. We thus developed preproenkephalin-green fluorescent protein transgenic mice to better identify ENKergic neurons. Real-time reverse...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06715.x
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocannabinoids (eCB) are key regulators of excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmission at cannabinoid-1-receptor (CB1 R)-expressing axon terminals. The most abundant eCB in the brain, that is 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), is hydrolyzed by the enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), whose chronic inhibition in the brain ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13267
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::RGS (regulators of G-protein signaling) proteins comprise a large family that modulates heterotrimeric G-protein signaling. This protein family has a common RGS domain and functions as GTPase-activating proteins for the alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G-proteins located at the plasma membrane. RGS8 was identified as ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02139.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Latanoprost was first developed for use in glaucoma therapy as an ocular hypotensive agent targeting the prostaglandin F2α (FP) receptor. Subsequently, latanoprost showed a neuroprotective effect, an additional pharmacological action. However, although it is well-known that latanoprost exerts an ocular hypotensive eff...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13902
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A wealth of evidence supports the view that conformational change of the prion protein, PrPC, into a pathogenic isoform, PrPSc, is the hallmark of sporadic, infectious, and inherited forms of prion disease. Although the central role played by PrPSc in the pathogenesis of prion disease is appreciated, the cellular mech...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01819.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously identified a nuclear envelope protein repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST)/neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF)-interacting Lin-11, Isl-1 and Mec-3 (LIM) domain protein (RILP) that we proposed functions in the nuclear translocation of the transcriptional repressor REST/NRSF. In ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03608.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ependymins are thought to be implicated in fundamental processes involved in plasticity of the goldfish CNS. Gas-phase sequencing of purified ependymins beta and gamma revealed that they share the same N-terminal sequence. Each sequence displays microheterogeneities at several positions. Based on the protein sequences...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb10932.x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract The dualistic activities of the amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide as a pro-oxidant and ubiquitous constituent of amyloid deposits in Alzheimer's disease plaques and as an antioxidant of purported physiological function has been suggested but the mechanisms are far from being understood. In this report we measure s...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02778.x
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated changes in the extracellular levels of acetylcholine (ACh) following local application of serotonergic agents to the dorsal hippocampus of freely moving rats by means of perfusion using a microdialysis technique. Perfusion of serotonin (5-HT; 10 microM, for 30 min at a rate of 3 microliters/min), disso...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62051804.x
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biotransformation of the opioid peptide dynorphin A(1-17) was investigated in striatum of freely moving Fischer rats, by direct infusion of this peptide, followed by recovery of the resulting biotransformation products via microdialysis and identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spec...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01859.x
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of postsynaptic sites involved in the uptake and metabolism of striatal 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine, DA) was investigated. The accumulation of [3H]DA (10(-7) M) into slices of rat striatum was found to be greatly dependent (greater than 99%) on the presence of sodium ion in the incubation medium...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07164.x
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carboxymethylation and phosphorylation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) catalytic C subunit are evolutionary conserved mechanisms that critically control PP2A holoenzyme assembly and substrate specificity. Down-regulation of PP2A methylation and PP2A enzymes containing the B alpha regulatory subunit occur in Alzheimer...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04503.x
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic defect in Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the expansion of a GAA·TCC triplet in the first intron of the FXN gene, which encodes the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Previous studies have established that the repeats reduce transcription of this essential gene, with a concomitant decrease in frataxin protein i...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jnc.12302
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::GM1 ganglioside binding to the crude mitochondrial fraction of rat brain and its effect on (Na+, K+)-ATPase were studied, the following results being obtained: (a) the binding process followed a biphasic kinetics with a break at 50 nM-GM1; GM1 at concentrations below the break was stably associated, while over the bre...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb00462.x
更新日期:1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder characterized pathologically by motor neuron degeneration and associated with aggregation of RNA-binding proteins. TATA-binding protein-associated factor 15 (TAF15) accumulates as cytoplasmic aggregates in neuronal cells, and clearance of these...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.15182
更新日期:2020-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Tau, a microtubule binding protein, is not only a major component of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease, but also a causative gene for hereditary frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17). We show here that an FTDP-17 tau mutation (V337M) in SH-SY5Y cells reduces microtubul...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02020.x
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study demonstrates that [3H]imipramine binds to both high- and low-affinity imipramine binding components on membranes prepared from rat cerebral cortex. Scatchard and computer analyses of saturation experiments using a wide range of [3H]imipramine concentrations (0.5 nM-50 nM) revealed the presence of two...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05494.x
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Painful neuropathy is one of the most serious complications of diabetes and remains difficult to treat. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonists have a profound analgesic effect on painful diabetic neuropathy. Here we determined changes in T-type and high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels (HVACCs) and th...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07456.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::PC12D cells, a new subline of conventional PC12 cells, respond not only to nerve growth factor but also to cyclic AMP by extending their neurites. These cells are flat in shape and are similar in appearance to PC12 cells that have been treated with nerve growth factor for a few days. In both cell lines, we have charac...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb02538.x
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the initial rates of 45Ca2+ uptake by rat brain mitochondria in Ca2+-1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid buffers indicated that nontelencephalic mitochondria exhibited both a much less pronounced stimulatory effect of spermine and significantly more hyperbolic kinetics of Ca2+ uptake t...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07412.x
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of L-phenylalanine on the transport of tyrosine was studied using membrane vesicles from rat brain synaptosomes. Phenylalanine, which is accumulated in phenylketonuria, competitively inhibits tyrosine uptake at concentrations similar to those found in phenylketonuric patients, with a Ki of the same order of...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb11513.x
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1-Piperideine, 5-aminopentanoic acid, and its lactam, 2-piperidone, were identified as metabolites of cadaverine in 10,000 g mouse liver supernatants to which diamine oxidase had been added. Both metabolites were also found when the cadaverine metabolite 1-piperideine was incubated with the preparation which suggested...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb06088.x
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinocerebellar ataxia type-3, also known as Machado-Joseph Disease, is one of many inherited neurodegenerative disorders caused by polyglutamine-encoding CAG repeat expansions in otherwise unrelated disease genes. Polyglutamine disorders are characterized by disease protein misfolding and aggregation; often within th...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02369.x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary structure of the second transmembrane (M2) segment of resistant to dieldrin (RDL), an ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAR) subunit, and the structure-function relationships in RDL are well conserved among insect species. An amino acid substitution at the 2' position in the M2 segment (Ala to Ser...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.15179
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::[3H]Strychnine binding to rat pons + medulla membranes was used as a measure of glycine receptors or glycine receptor-coupled chloride channels in vitro. A series of compounds structurally related to 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-3-ol (THIP), which previously were shown to antagonize glycine responses in c...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00667.x
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first calpain protease was discovered over 40 years ago now, yet despite the vast amount of literature that has subsequently emerged detailing their involvement in the pathophysiology of a variety of human diseases, it is only in the last decade that calpain-mediated actions along the secretory pathway have begun ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04815.x
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antisera raised to the 68,000, 145,000 and 200,000 molecular weight subunits of rat neurofilaments were used for immunochemical staining of polypeptides separated by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. It was found that each antiserum reacts intensely with its corresponding neurofilament subunit and weakly w...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb04676.x
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Administration of L-DOPA is commonly used to treat Parkinson's disease, yet controversy continues as to whether the dopamine arising from it aggravates neuronal loss. Several authors have reported cytotoxic effects of L-DOPA and dopamine on cultured cells, but others have not. In this report using the rat pheochromocy...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00802.x
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition caused by dominant loss-of-function mutations of the tumor suppressor gene NF1 that encodes neurofibromin, a negative regulator of RAS activity. Mutation analysis of NF1 located at 17q11.2 has been hampered by the large size of the gene, the hig...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13396
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00