Abstract：
:Microinfarcts are small, but strikingly common, ischemic brain lesions in the aging human brain. There is mounting evidence that microinfarcts contribute to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia, but the origins of microinfarcts are unclear. Understanding the vascular pathologies that cause microinfarcts may yield strategies to prevent their occurrence and reduce their deleterious effects on brain function. Current thinking suggests that cortical microinfarcts arise from the occlusion of penetrating arterioles, which are responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to small volumes of tissue. Unexpectedly, pre-clinical studies have shown that the occlusion of penetrating venules, which drain deoxygenated blood from cortex, lead to microinfarcts that appear identical to those resulting from arteriole occlusion. Here we discuss the idea that cerebral venule pathology could be an overlooked source for brain microinfarcts in humans. This article is part of the Special Issue "Vascular Dementia". Cover Image for this Issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14167.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Hartmann DA,Hyacinth HI,Liao FF,Shih AYdoi
10.1111/jnc.14228subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-01 00:00:00pages
517-526issue
5eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
144pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Primary astrocyte cultures from neonatal rat brains show uptake of [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE). This uptake has a high-affinity component with an apparent Km of approximately 3 X 10(-7) M. At 10(-7) M [3H]NE both the initial rate of uptake and steady-state content of [3H]NE is inhibited by up to 95% by omission of ext...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb13565.x
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in the free fatty acid pool size and fatty acyl chain composition of mitochondrial membrane phospholipids and their relation to disruption of mitochondrial function were examined in rat brains after 30 min of cerebral ischemia (Pulsinelli-Brierley model) and 60 min of normoxic reoxygenation. During ischemia, s...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62051921.x
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A neutral, mannose-rich, concanavalin A (Con A)-binding glycopeptide fraction was obtained by proteolytic digestion of defatted beef brain tissue. Hydrazinolysis followed by gel filtration of the reaction products provided three oligosaccharides. A portion of each oligosaccharide was treated by exhaustive digestion wi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb04746.x
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated possible D1/D2 interactions in rat and bovine striatal tissue by examining the effects of D2 antagonists on the action of dopamine at D1 dopamine receptors. In addition, the extent to which D2 antagonists may induce an agonist low-affinity state of the D1 receptor was evaluated in comparison wi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65031124.x
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incorporation of [1-14C]palmitic acid into neutral lipids and phospholipids of rat cerebral cortex was examined in vitro in normal Krebs--Ringer bicarbonate buffer containing 3% (wt/vol) albumin and 0.75 mM palmitic acid. Under standard assay conditions, radioactivity in the triacylglycerol fraction increased rapidly ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb07914.x
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of the specific binding sites for L-[3H]glutamic acid (KD = 370 nM) and for [3H]kainic acid (KD = 39 nM) was studied in the rat cerebellum. Specific binding at both sites remains low during the first week after birth but increases markedly during the second and third weeks after birth, when glutamaterg...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb00491.x
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylphenidate (MP) is widely used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. However, basic research has been mainly focused on MP treatment in adult, behaviorally normal rodents. Here we analyzed MP-evoked changes of dopamine (DA) release in the limbic system of juvenile rodents with hyperactive...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04927.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases have been implicated in multiple responses to extracellular stimuli. In this study we show that MAP kinase activity is enhanced after a KCl pulse. This activation correlates with an increased tyrosine phosphorylation of a 42-kDa protein as determined by antiphosphotyrosine immun...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66031005.x
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During development, neurons extend axons toward their appropriate synaptic targets to establish functional neuronal connections. The growth cone, a highly motile structure at the tip of the axon, is capable of recognizing extracellular guidance cues and translating them into directed axon outgrowth through modulation ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14837
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) was taken up by a MgATP-dependent mechanism into synaptic vesicles isolated by hypoosmotic shock and density gradient centrifugation. The properties of the vesicular uptake differed clearly from those of synaptosomal and glial uptake, both with respect to Na+, Mg2+, and ATP dependence an...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb10599.x
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to examine the role of dopamine (DA) receptors in the nucleus accumbens (ACB) in controlling feedback regulation of mesolimbic somatodendritic DA release in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of Wistar rats using ipsilateral dual-probe in vivo microdialysis. Perfusion of the ACB for 60 mi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.740684.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In cerebellum, 75% of all GABAA receptors contain alpha1 subunits. Here, we investigated compensatory changes in GABAA receptor subunit expression and composition in alpha1 subunit-knockout mice. In these mice the total number of cerebellar GABAA receptors was reduced by 46%. Whereas the number of receptors containing...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03509.x
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Coffin-Lowry syndrome, a rare syndromic form of X-linked mental retardation, is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the hRSK2 (RPS6KA3) gene. To further investigate RSK2 (90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase) implication in cognitive processes, a mrsk2_KO mouse has previously been generated as an animal model of Coffin-...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05703.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have cloned Caenorhabditis elegans lev-8 and demonstrated that it encodes a novel nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit (previously designated ACR-13), which has functional roles in body wall and uterine muscles as part of a levamisole-sensitive receptor. LEV-8 is an alpha subunit and is the first to be ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02951.x
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a worldwide health problem that urgently needs to be solved. Leptin is an anti-obesity hormone that activates satiety signals to the brain. Evidence to suggest that leptin resistance is involved in the development of obesity is increasing; however, the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. We herein...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13057
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leptinotoxin-h (LPTx), a neurotoxin (otherwise designated beta-leptinotarsin-h) known to stimulate the release of neurotransmitters from synapses, was purified from the hemolymph of the potato beetle, Leptinotarsa haldemani, by a simplification of the procedure originally developed by Crosland et al. [Biochemistry 23,...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb10526.x
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method was developed for direct and continuous detection of secretion of ATP from primary monolayer cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. ATP, which is costored with catecholamines within adrenal chromaffin cells, was released into the incubation medium, where it reacted with firefly luciferin-luciferase prod...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb10019.x
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calsenilin/DREAM/KChIP3 was identified as a calcium-binding protein that interacts with presenilins, serves as a transcription repressor, and binds to the A-type potassium channel. In this study, we hypothesized that calsenilin might be involved in the neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease and examined calsenilin e...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02159.x
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of serotonin (5-HT)1B receptors in the mechanism of action of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI) was studied by using intracerebral in vivo microdialysis in conscious, freely moving wild-type and 5-HT1B receptor knockout (KO 5-HT1B) mice in order to compare the effects of chronic administration o...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01827.x
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have observed recently that in vitro lipoperoxidation is enhanced in Down's syndrome brain homogenates of prenatal age. As this may relate to the composition of polyunsaturated acyl groups (PUFA) in phospholipids, we have examined the PUFA of ethanolamine and serine phosphoglycerides (EPG and SPG), which are partic...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb12896.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is considerable current interest in the neuroprotective effects of flavonoids. This study focuses on the potential for dietary flavonoids, and their known physiologically relevant metabolites, to enter the brain endothelium and cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) using well-established in vitro models (brain end...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01652.x
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transgenic Huntington's disease (HD) mice, expressing exon 1 of the HD gene with an expanded CAG repeat, are totally resistant to striatal lesion induced by excessive NMDA receptor activation. We now show that striatal lesions induced by the mitochondrial toxin malonate are reduced by 70-80% in transgenic HD mice comp...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00482.x
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The determinants of charge selectivity of the Cys-loop family of ligand-gated ion channels have been studied for more than a decade. The investigations have mainly covered homomeric receptors e.g. the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7, the glycine receptor alpha1 and the serotonin receptor 5-HT(3A). Only recentl...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02883.x
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism of attachment of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to neuronal membranes in interneuronal synapses is poorly understood. We have isolated, sequenced, and cloned a hydrophobic protein that copurifies with AChE from human caudate nucleus and that we propose forms a part of a complex of membrane proteins attached...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0742146.x
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progression of α-synuclein inclusion pathology may occur through cycles of release and uptake of α-synuclein aggregates, which induce additional intracellular α-synuclein inclusion pathology. This process may explain (i) the presence of α-synuclein inclusion pathology in grafted cells in human brains, and (ii) the slo...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13743
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) is the predominant subtype of glutamate transporters which are responsible for the homeostasis of extracellular glutamate. Our previous studies have shown that up-regulation in GLT-1 protein expression matches brain ischemic tolerance induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07396.x
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since emotional stress elicits brain activation, mitochondria should be a key component of stressed brain response. However, few studies have focused on mitochondria functioning in these conditions. In this work, we aimed to determine the effects of an acute restraint stress on rat brain mitochondrial functions, with ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12811
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The c-ret protooncogene encodes Ret, the functional tyrosine kinase receptor for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). K-252b, a known protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown earlier to inhibit the trophic activity of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons and nerve...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69030986.x
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:35SO4-labeled fast-transported proteins of bullfrog dorsal root ganglion neurons were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and their mobilities were compared to similar species labeled with [3H]mannose or [3H]fucose. Fluorography revealed regions of poorly resolved, high molecular weight material, likely ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb09055.x
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The function of membrane phospholipids (PL) in the regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transport and GABA carrier binding has been investigated in organized cultures of rat cerebral cortex. The cellular lipid composition has been changed by growing the cells in a delipidated nutrient solution or by short-term...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb12877.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
