Abstract:
:Essentially all animals with nervous systems utilize electrical synapses as a core element of communication. Electrical synapses, formed by gap junctions between neurons, provide rapid, bidirectional communication that accomplishes tasks distinct from and complementary to chemical synapses. These include coordination of neuron activity, suppression of voltage noise, establishment of electrical pathways that define circuits, and modulation of high order network behavior. In keeping with the omnipresent demand to alter neural network function in order to respond to environmental cues and perform tasks, electrical synapses exhibit extensive plasticity. In some networks, this plasticity can have dramatic effects that completely remodel circuits or remove the influence of certain cell types from networks. Electrical synaptic plasticity occurs on three distinct time scales, ranging from milliseconds to days, with different mechanisms accounting for each. This essay highlights principles that dictate the properties of electrical coupling within networks and the plasticity of the electrical synapses, drawing examples extensively from retinal networks.
journal_name
Neurosci Lettjournal_title
Neuroscience lettersauthors
O'Brien Jdoi
10.1016/j.neulet.2017.09.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-03-16 00:00:00pages
4-11eissn
0304-3940issn
1872-7972pii
S0304-3940(17)30737-1journal_volume
695pub_type
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