Abstract:
:Arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized to diverse bioactive lipid mediators. Whereas the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) facilitates AA conversion by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) to pro-inflammatory leukotrienes (LTs), the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) degrades anti-inflammatory epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Accordingly, dual FLAP/sEH inhibition might be advantageous drugs for intervention of inflammation. We present the in vivo pharmacological profile and efficiency of N-[4-(benzothiazol-2-ylmethoxy)-2-methylphenyl]-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (diflapolin) that dually targets FLAP and sEH. Diflapolin inhibited 5-LOX product formation in intact human monocytes and neutrophils with IC50 = 30 and 170 nM, respectively, and suppressed the activity of isolated sEH (IC50 = 20 nM). Characteristic for FLAP inhibitors, diflapolin (I) failed to inhibit isolated 5-LOX, (II) blocked 5-LOX product formation in HEK cells only when 5-LOX/FLAP was co-expressed, (III) lost potency in intact cells when exogenous AA was supplied, and (IV) prevented 5-LOX/FLAP complex assembly in leukocytes. Diflapolin showed target specificity, as other enzymes related to AA metabolism (i.e., COX1/2, 12/15-LOX, LTA4H, LTC4S, mPGES1, and cPLA2) were not inhibited. In the zymosan-induced mouse peritonitis model, diflapolin impaired vascular permeability, inhibited cysteinyl-LTs and LTB4 formation, and suppressed neutrophil infiltration. Diflapolin is a highly active dual FLAP/sEH inhibitor in vitro and in vivo with target specificity to treat inflammation-related diseases.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Garscha U,Romp E,Pace S,Rossi A,Temml V,Schuster D,König S,Gerstmeier J,Liening S,Werner M,Atze H,Wittmann S,Weinigel C,Rummler S,Scriba GK,Sautebin L,Werz Odoi
10.1038/s41598-017-09795-wsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-08-24 00:00:00pages
9398issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-017-09795-wjournal_volume
7pub_type
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