Abstract:
:The skeleton has recently emerged as a critical insulin target tissue that regulates whole body glucose metabolism and male reproductive function. While our understanding of these new regulatory axes remains in its infancy, the bone-specific protein, osteocalcin, has been shown to be centrally involved. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin acts as a secretagogue in a feed-forward loop to stimulate pancreatic β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion, improve insulin sensitivity, and promote testosterone production. Importantly, dysregulation of insulin signaling in bone causes a reduction in serum osteocalcin levels that is associated with elevated blood glucose and reduced serum insulin levels, suggesting that the skeleton may play a significant role in the development of diet-induced insulin resistance. Insulin signaling is negatively regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) which becomes hyper-activated in response to nutrient overload. Loss- and gain-of function models suggest that mTORC1 function in bone is essential for normal skeletal development; however, the role of this complex in the regulation of glucose metabolism remains to be determined. This review highlights our current understanding of the role played by osteocalcin in the skeletal regulation of glucose metabolism and fertility. In particular, it examines data emerging from transgenic mouse models which have revealed a pancreas-bone-testis regulatory axis and discusses recent human studies which seek to corroborate findings from mouse models with clinical observations. Moreover, we review recent studies which suggest dysregulation of insulin signaling in bone leads to the development of insulin resistance and discuss the potential role of mTORC1 signaling in this process.
journal_name
J Cell Physioljournal_title
Journal of cellular physiologyauthors
Tangseefa P,Martin SK,Fitter S,Baldock PA,Proud CG,Zannettino ACWdoi
10.1002/jcp.26163subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-05-01 00:00:00pages
3769-3783issue
5eissn
0021-9541issn
1097-4652journal_volume
233pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Mouse keratinocytes are induced to differentiate in vitro by elevating the level of extracellular calcium from 0.05 mM, where keratinocytes express a basal cell phenotype, to greater than 0.10 mM, where they express the differentiated phenotype. This process has been associated with a rapid, sustained increase in inos...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.1041480113
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The high requirement of O2 in the renal proximal tubule stems from a high rate of Na(+) transport. Adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) activation regulates Na(+) transport in this nephron segment. Thus, the effect of the acute activation and the mechanisms of A1R on the rate of O2 consumption were evaluated. The A1R-antagonis...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.25050
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has recently emerged as a potential target for cancer therapy due to the observation that activation of AMPK inhibits tumor cell growth. It is well-known that androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a major driver for the development and progression of prostate cancer and that downregul...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.24494
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::New perspectives have been opened by advances in stem cell research for reproductive and regenerative medicine. Several different cell types can be differentiated from stem cells (SCs) under suitable in vitro and in vivo conditions. The differentiation of SCs into male germ cells has been reported by many groups. Due ...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcp.27990
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and is a serious threat to people's health worldwide. The prognosis of advanced HCC is dim if left untreated. In the clinic, the treatment options for advanced HCC include surgery, radiotherapy, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, and so forth...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcp.28048
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is a potent mitogen that has vascular endothelium as one of its principle target cells. Recent work has provided both the complete amino acid sequence of basic FGF and the nucleotide sequence of the genes for both human and bovine basic FGF. Although capillary endothelial cells...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.1041380116
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyaluronate degradation was examined in cultures of vascular wall cells (bovine aortic endothelial cells, rat aortic smooth muscle cells) and in nonvascular cells (chick embryo fibroblasts). The three cell types examined all produced hyaluronidase activity in culture which had a strict acidic pH requirement for activi...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.1041330210
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroblastoma (NB) is the leading pediatric cancer known for its heterogeneity and clinical aggressiveness leading to chemoresistance. Recent evidence in small RNA research has led to the discovery of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) which work in an orchestrated fashion to modulate gene expression both in homeostatic c...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.29136
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pleiotropic human KB cell mutants, selected for resistance to a conjugate of epidermal growth factor with Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE-EGF), were characterized genetically. These mutants have a pleiotropic phenotype, which includes reduced number of EGF receptors and reduced growth rate. Hybrid cells between HeLa D98 and ...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.1041350323
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differentiated embryo chondrocyte 1 (DEC1), a member of basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor Bhlhe40, also called stimulated by retinoic acid 13, STRA13, plays an important role in the regulation of adipogenesis, tumorigenesis, peripheral circadian output, response to hypoxia, and development of metabolic syndr...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.26471
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle atrophy/wasting is associated with impaired protein metabolism in diverse physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disturbed redox status, and weakened antioxidant defense system are the major contributing factors toward atrophy. Regulation of p...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.27348
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present work aimed at determining whether interleukin-6 (IL-6) produced by skeletal muscle during exercise is related, at least partly, to calcineurin activity. Rats were treated with two specific calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporin A (CsA) and FK506, or vehicle (Vhl); they were then subjected to exhaustive treadm...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.20854
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug discovery is an onerous, extremely expensive, and time-consuming process. Instead, drug repurposing is an attractive strategy for exploiting novel indications for a drug beyond its original use. The untapped potential of drug repurposing compensates the barriers associated with the drug discovery pipeline. Psoria...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.29413
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) is upregulated following treatment of the mouse mammary epithelial cell line HC11 with lactogenic hormones (dexamethasone, insulin, and prolactin-DIP). In addition, we have also shown that IGFBP-5 is upregulated in mammary epit...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.20587
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have suggested that interferons (IFNs) have an antifibrotic effect in the liver independent of their antiviral effect although its detailed mechanism remains largely unknown. Some microRNAs have been reported to regulate pathophysiological activities of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). We performed analys...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.22598
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleotide receptors signaling affects cell proliferation, with possible implications on tumorigenic processes. However, molecular targets and action mechanisms of the extracellular nucleotides are still poorly elucidated. We have previously shown in ARO cells that APE1/Ref-1, a transcriptional coactivator responsible...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.20704
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistin, secreted by macrophages in tumor microenvironment, has never been investigated in pancreatic cancer models, despite a vibrant tumor microenvironment around pancreatic tumors. We evaluated serum resistin levels in healthy individuals versus pancreatic cancer patients representing different tumor grades. In vi...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.27631
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a common cellular stress response, is closely related to the activation of autophagy that is an important and evolutionarily conserved mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Autophagy induced by ER stress mainly includes the ER stress-mediated autophagy and ER-phagy. The ER ...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcp.26137
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addition of bombesin in the presence of either forskolin or cholera toxin caused a marked (4-6 fold) enhancement of cAMP accumulation in Swiss 3T3 cells. This effect was time and concentration dependent, induced by various bombesin-like peptides and blocked by a bombesin antagonist. Enhancement of cAMP accumulation by...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.1041370203
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exposure to non-thermal microwave electromagnetic field (MW-EMF) at 1.95 MHz, a frequency used in mobile communication, affects the refolding kinetics of eukaryotic proteins (Mancinelli et al., 2004). On these basis we have evaluated the in vivo effect of MW-EMF in human epidermoid cancer KB cells. We have found t...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.20327
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) plays a critical role in the differentiation and bone resorptive activity of osteoclasts. Recently, the development of anti-resorptive agents from natural substances has become a subject of interest. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of 222 natural compo...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.21892
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by the apoptosis resistance and hyperproliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Its pathogenesis has not been revealed. Here, we carried out experiments to investigate the functions of miR-140-5p and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). ...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.27642
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been reported that p21, p53, and p16 affect the cell cycle and cell senescence. However, their roles in keratinocyte senescence are not clear. We established primary keratinocyte strains from 15 donors and maintained them until replicative senescence; their population doublings ranged from 5.7-45.2. These strai...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199904)179:1<40::AID-JCP5>
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::KCNQ1 encodes a potassium voltage-gated channel and represents a susceptibility locus for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we explored the association between KCNQ1 polymorphisms and hypertension risk in individuals with T2DM, as well as the role of KCNQ1 in vascular smooth muscle cell contraction in vitro. To i...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.25775
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle dysfunction contributes to exercise limitation in COPD. In this study cigarette smoke exposure was hypothesized to increase expression of the inflammatory cytokine, TNF-alpha, thereby suppressing PGC-1alpha, and hence affecting down stream molecules that regulate oxygen transport and muscle function. F...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.21955
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::DEAH box protein DHX33 has been found to be necessary for cell proliferation and early development of multicellular organisms. It plays diverse roles in regulating gene transcription, ribosome RNA synthesis, and protein translation. Dysregulation of DHX33 has been observed in various human cancers. In this study, we i...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.28178
更新日期:2019-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::NEMO/IKKγ is the regulatory subunit of the IκB Kinase (IKK) complex, required for the activation of the NF-κB pathway, which is involved in a variety of key processes, including immunity, inflammation, differentiation, and cell survival. Termination of NF-κB activity on specific -κB responsive genes, which is crucial ...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.25066
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biology of glomerular visceral epithelial cells ("podocytes") and their role in inflammatory process remain obscure, partly because of the lack of well-differentiated podocyte cultures. We have established a human cell line by transfecting with a replication-defective SV40 plasmid (pSVHB1), a primary culture of podocy...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.1041520320
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detailed information regarding the synthesis rates of individual protein components is important in understanding the assembly and dynamics of the cytoskeletal matrix of eukaryotic cells. As an approach to this topic, the dual isotope technique of Clark and Zak (J. Biol. Chem., 256:4863-4870, 1981), was employed to me...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.1041430315
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transformation of Sprague-Dawley rat embryo (RE) cells and a cloned Fischer rat embryo cell line (CREF) with wild-type (Ad5) or a temperature-sensitive DNA-minus mutant (H5ts125) of type 5 adenovirus results in a reduction in binding of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to cell surface receptors. A reduction in EGF bindin...
journal_title:Journal of cellular physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcp.1041140315
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00