Abstract:
:We have taken advantage of a natural experiment to measure the impact of the phased abolition of prescription co-payments in Wales. We investigated 3 study periods covering the phased abolition: from £6 to £4, £4 to £3, and £3 to £0. A difference-in-difference modelling was adopted and applied to monthly UK general practice level dispensing data on 14 selected medicines which had the highest percentage of items dispensed subject to a co-payment prior to abolition. Dispensing from a comparator region (North East of England) with similar health and socio-economic characteristics to Wales, and where prescription co-payments continued during the study periods, was used to isolate any non-price effects on dispensing in Wales. Results show a small increase in dispensing of 14 selected medicines versus the comparator. Compared with NE England, monthly average Welsh dispensing was increased by 11.93 items (7.67%; 95% CI [7.2%, 8.1%]), 6.37 items (3.38%; 95% CI [2.9%, 3.7%]) and 9.18 items (4.54%; 95% CI [4.2%, 4.9%]) per practice per 1,000 population during the periods when co-payment was reduced. Price elasticities of the selected medicines utilisation were -0.23, -0.13, and -0.04 in 3 analyses, suggesting the abolition of co-payment had small effect on Welsh dispensing.
journal_name
Health Econjournal_title
Health economicsauthors
Alam MF,Cohen D,Dunstan F,Hughes D,Routledge Pdoi
10.1002/hec.3530subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
236-243issue
1eissn
1057-9230issn
1099-1050journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HEALTH ECONOMICS文献大全abstract::Perceived quality of private and public health care, income and insurance premium are among the determinants of demand for private health insurance (PHI). In the context of a model in which individuals are expected utility maximizers, the non purchasing choice can result in consuming either public health care or priva...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.756
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Waiting times are a major policy concern in publicly funded health systems across OECD countries. Economists have argued that, in the presence of excess demand, waiting times act as nonmonetary prices to bring demand for and supply of health care in equilibrium. Using administrative data disaggregated by region and su...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.3545
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies indicate that minority populations in the US - including African Americans, Native Americans and Mexican Americans - are particularly at risk for diabetes and that their complications are more frequent and severe. Using microdata from a 1994-1999 population based study of middle aged and older ...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.676
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The usual implementation of contingent valuation (CV), in the context of priorities setting for allocation of public funds in health care, is to develop as many surveys as there are programmes, i.e. to perform separate evaluations (SE). In the EuroWill project, three health programmes (for heart disease, breast cancer...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.703
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the "basic" approach, medical expenses are catastrophic if they exceed a prespecified percentage of consumption or income; the approach tells us if expenses cause a large percentage reduction in living standards. The ability-to-pay (ATP) approach defines expenses as catastrophic if they exceed a prespecified percen...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.3881
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the results from two surveys designed to explore whether an application of Harsanyi's principle of choice form behind a veil of ignorance (VEI) can be used in order to measure the health of populations. This approach was tentatively recommended by Murray et al. (Bull. World Health Organ 2000; 78: 981-994; Su...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.887
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staffing is the dominant input in the production of nursing home services. Because of concerns about understaffing in many US nursing homes, a number of states have adopted minimum staffing standards. Focusing on policy changes in California and Ohio, this paper examined the effects of minimum nursing hours per reside...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.3063
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::QALY maximization is sometimes criticized for being 'ageist', because, other things being equal, the elderly, with a shorter life expectancy, will be given lower priority. On the other hand, there are philosophical arguments that, for different reasons, advocate rationing health care to the elderly, even when the size...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1050(200001)9:1<57::aid-hec484>
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congress passed the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) in 1986, guaranteeing a standard of medical care to anyone who entered an emergency room. This guarantee made default a more reliable substitute for medical insurance. I construct a tractable structural model of the medical insurance market ...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.2985
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper uses data from the National Education Longitudinal Study to estimate the association between illicit drug use during high school and the number of years of schooling completed. The analysis accounts for the possibility that drug use is endogenous using two methods: (1) by controlling for individual-level ch...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1085
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper critically reviews theoretical and empirical propositions regarding visual analogue scale (VAS) valuations of health states and their use in cost-utility analysis (CUA). A widely repeated assertion in the economic evaluation literature is the inferiority, on theoretical grounds, of VAS valuations. Five comm...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/hec.1086
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper combined data collected from war time government records with survey data including background characteristics, such as factors that affected eligibility, to examine the adult depression outcomes of individuals who were evacuated from Finland to temporary foster care in Sweden during World War II. Using war...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.2913
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We exploit the similarity between the problem of risk adjustment with prospective reimbursement schemes in the health care sector and the problem of fair compensation analysed in the social choice literature. The starting point is the distinction between two sets of variables in the explanation of medical expenditures...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1050(199808)7:5<465::aid-hec365
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last 20 years, acute-care hospitals in most OECD countries have built up costly overcapacities. From the perspective of economic policy, it is desirable to know how hospitals of different ownership forms respond to changes in demand and are probably best suited to deal with existing overcapacities. This artic...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1624
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Economic theory suggests that income growth could lead to changes in consumption quantity and quality as the spending on a commodity changes. Similarly, the volume and quality of healthcare consumption could rise with incomes because of demographic changes, usage of innovative medical technologies, and other factors. ...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.2986
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the start of the 1990s, the economic situation in Finland deteriorated radically. During the depression (1991-93), health care expenditure decreased by about 10%, and was associated with considerable changes in Finnish health care. This paper reports studies of the determinants of use of physician services in Finla...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1050(199609)5:5<421::AID-HEC222
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this paper is to analyse the impact that attribute ordering has on the relative importance of the price attribute. A discrete choice experiment was performed in order to elicit psoriasis patients' preferences for treatment. We tested for ordering effect with respect to the price attribute, and disclos...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1117
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We estimated lifetime costs of publicly funded social care, covering services such as residential and nursing care homes, domiciliary care and meals. Like previous studies, we constructed microsimulation models. However, our transition probabilities were estimated from longitudinal, linked administrative health and so...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.3110
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigate risk selection between public and private health insurance in Germany. With risk-rated premiums in the private system and community-rated premiums in the public system, advantageous selection in favor of private insurers is expected. Using 2000 to 2007 data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SO...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.2942
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this paper is to study the impact of risk perception and diagnostic information on medical prevention decisions. The intertemporal preferences of individuals are represented by a model of recursive rank dependent utility, which has the advantage of allowing risk perceptions to vary over time and with ...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1822
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper empirically investigates the relationship between the health care expenditure of end-of-life patients and hospital characteristics in Taiwan where (i) hospitals of different ownership differ in their financial incentives; (ii) patients are free to choose their providers; and (iii) health care services are p...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.2970
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the latest government effort to reform China's health care system, Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) was piloted in seventy-nine cities during the summer of 2007, following State Council Policy Document 2007 No. 20's guidelines. This study presents the first economic analysis of URBMI, following a nati...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1500
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of the obesity epidemic in developing countries is still poorly understood. It has been prominently argued that economic development provides a natural interpretation of the growth in obesity. This paper tests the main aggregated predictions of the theoretical framework to analyze obesity. Average body weig...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.2968
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::I study the effect of prescription drug essential health benefits (EHB) requirements from the Affordable Care Act on prescription drug formularies of health insurance marketplace plans. The EHB regulates the number of drugs covered but leaves other dimensions (cost sharing and utilization management) of the formulary ...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.3491
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were to analyse (1) whether informal care, provided by children or grandchildren to their elderly parents, and formal care are substitutes or complements, and (2) whether this relationship differs across Europe. The analyses were based on cross-sectional data from the newly developed SHARE (Surv...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1275
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEACs) have become widely used in applied health technology assessment and at the same time are criticized as unreliable decision-making tool. In this paper we show how using CEACs differs from maximizing expected net benefit (NB) and when it can lead to inconsistent decisions....
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1534
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explore the determinants of dental ill-health as measured by the occurrence of caries. A recursive bivariate probit model that was derived from health production and demand theory is employed to model caries, while taking account of dental care use. The data are from a follow-up questionnaire used in a longitudinal...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1258
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using longitudinal data from the Canadian National Population Health Survey (NPHS), we study the relationship between health and employment among older Canadians. We focus on two issues: (1) the possible problems with self-reported health, including endogeneity and measurement error, and (2) the relative importance of...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1051
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Partnerships between government and non-state actors that aim to enhance the quality or efficiency of service delivery are increasingly common in today's development policy landscape. We investigate the impacts of such an approach using data from an experimental supportive intervention to India's malaria control progr...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.3529
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper applies the inverse probability weighted (IPW) least-squares method to estimate the effects of treatment on total medical cost, subject to censoring, in a panel-data setting. IPW pooled ordinary-least squares (POLS) and IPW random effects (RE) models are used. Because total medical cost might not be indepen...
journal_title:Health economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/hec.1087
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00