Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Brimonidine tartrate and brinzolamide eye drops are often used as third and fourth line treatment options to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in the management of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Better tolerated, more effective topical agents requiring once daily instillation including prostaglandin analogues and beta-blockers usually are preferred as initial therapy, unless there are contraindications. Brimonidine and brinzolamide are often required owing to progressive glaucoma or intolerances to or ineffectiveness of front-line agents. Areas covered: We review the safety of formulations containing brimonidine tartrate and/or brinzolamide. Safety considerations for these agents in higher risk populations are highlighted. Expert opinion: Each class of ocular hypotensive eye drop has a unique set of possible side effects. Brimonidine might have neuro-protective capabilities and offer reasonable IOP control, but its use is limited by a relatively high rate of ocular allergy, hyperemia and discomfort. Brinzolamide is generally well tolerated, but often lacks efficacy. The introduction of brimonidine/brinzolamide fixed combination suspension improves adherence (by simplifying the medical regimen) and reduces preservative load on the ocular surface. New drug delivery systems incorporating brimonidine and brinzolamide are in development and promise to improve the safety profiles of both drugs.
journal_name
Expert Opin Drug Safjournal_title
Expert opinion on drug safetyauthors
Lusthaus JA,Goldberg Idoi
10.1080/14740338.2017.1346083subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-09-01 00:00:00pages
1071-1078issue
9eissn
1474-0338issn
1744-764Xjournal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Acne is a common skin condition of the pilosebaceous units that affects the young and old, ranges from moderate to severe and can be treated with an array of options. Topical retinoids are the initial treatment for acne due to their ability to treat comedones, the starting point of acne. AREAS COVERED:Taz...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14740338.2016.1117605
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ximelagatran, the first oral agent in the new class of direct thrombin inhibitors, was withdrawn from the market due to increased rates of liver enzyme elevations in long-term treatments. Despite intensive pre clinical investigations the cellular mechanisms behind the observed hepatic effects remain unknown....
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14740338.7.4.351
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Annual Meeting of the Safety Pharmacology (SP) Society is a yearly event designed to keep attendees abreast of how to best identify and mitigate organ function liabilities of candidate drugs selected for clinical assessment. AREAS COVERED:Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) effects of candidate dr...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type:
doi:10.1517/14740338.2015.1034104
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is a major cause of disability, especially in people ≥ 45 years old. Several international societies recommend the use of both acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to alleviate OA pain. However, patients with OA often ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2015.1056776
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Albiglutide is a marketed long acting GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) administered by weekly injection. It has significantly less gastrointestinal side effects than other GLP-1 RAs in current use but does not improve HbA1c or promote weight loss to the same extent as competitor agents such as liraglutide...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1351538
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Emergency contraception (EC) is a way to significantly reduce the chance of becoming pregnant after an episode of unprotected intercourse. Considerable data support the safety of all available and emerging options for EC. Areas covered: This review presents a comprehensive summary of the literature regardi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1354985
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Aripiprazole is a third generation antipsychotic approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of schizophrenia. Aripiprazole is available as oral and long-acting injectable (LAI) depot formulations, with a unique mechanism of action comprising partial D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A agon...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1832990
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) refers to hepatic dysfunction that results from prolonged parenteral nutrition (PN) use. IFALD is multifactorial in origin and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Prior to 2004, IFALD was associated with mortality as high as 90% in infants...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2021.1867099
更新日期:2020-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric childhood disorder. The most commonly used drugs in the treatment of ADHD are methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX); the former of the two is prescribed in USA more than it is in Western Europe. Some of the most important saf...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.941804
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this review is to describe psychiatric adverse events occurring after ingestion of dietary supplements containing herbal ephedra and to assess the possible relationship between supplement use and the events. The authors reviewed all adverse event reports related to dietary supplements containing herba...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.4.5.879
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Pomalidomide, a derivative of thalidomide and member of the immunomodulatory drugs is licenced for use in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in Europe, USA, Canada and Japan. AREAS COVERED:This review details all published trials in which pomalidomide has been used in the treatment of myeloma...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2016.1154039
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drugs are currently an important cause of liver disease, ranked as the most frequent reason for acute liver failure. Despite recent advances in knowledge of the mechanisms implicated in drug-induced hepatocellular damage and cholestasis, as well as the identification of several risk factors, the diagnosis of hepatotox...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.3.4.329
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A number of new biological immune modulators have become available as treatments for inflammatory diseases over the past two decades. Most prominent among them are TNF-α inhibitors (TNFi) which have been available in the clinic since the late 1990s. TNFi have demonstrated efficacy in various rheumatologic ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2013.831403
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Hepatitis C virus is a hepatotropic virus that generally leads to chronic hepatitis and various harmful sequelae. The lone standard of treatment has been pegylated interferon and ribavirin, which produces a modest response and many side effects. However, a new era of management was declared with the introd...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1240781
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening adverse drug reaction, primarily associated with phenytoin, phenobarbital and carbamazepine. It is characterized by a triad of fever, skin eruption and internal organ involvement (usually liver), which occur two to ei...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.705828
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sjögren's syndrome dry eye is an inflammatory disease accompanied by an impairment of the autonomous nervous system of the ocular surface. The therapy for this condition is shifting from the mere tear replacement to a more complex approach including an anti-inflammatory treatment. Clinical trials have evidenced that t...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.6.1.33
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Pharmacologic vitreolysis is a strategy used to treat anomalous posterior vitreous detachment, by weakening vitreoretinal adhesion with an intravitreal drug. Pharmacologic vitreolysis facilitates surgery, and abnormalities of the vitreoretinal interface including vitreomacular traction (VMT) and early stag...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2016.1208169
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review long-term safety data from the rollover study ETV-901, focusing on adverse events (AEs) with a potential nucleos(t)ide association. METHODS:The open-label study ETV-901 (AI463901) assessed the safety of entecavir in chronic hepatitis B patients who received entecavir, lamivudine or adefovir monothe...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.653340
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Alemtuzumab is a humanised anti-CD52 mAb which has recently been licensed for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis in Europe. AREAS COVERED:The efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab from open label, Phase II and Phase III trials is reported. EXPERT OPINION:Alemtuzumab causes rapid and profound comp...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.928691
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Reslizumab, a humanized mAb against IL-5, reduces the number of eosinophils in the blood and lungs. Based on efficacy and safety data from pivotal RCTs, reslizumab had been approved for use as an add-on maintenance treatment of severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype in adults who have a history of ex...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1446940
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Bisphosphonates are the most widely used antiresorptive agents for the treatment of osteoporosis. However, the cumulative bisphoshonate exposure and its association with atypical fragility fractures, and the optimum duration of treatment remain obscure. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW:This review ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2010.517192
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives: To assess the risk of adverse events (AEs) associated with brentuximab vedotin in lymphoma patients.Methods: Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane, and Clinicaltrials Databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing brentuximab vedotin with non-brentuximab vedotin in lymphoma pat...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1718103
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Bone strength determinants such as bone mineral density and bone quality parameters are determined by life-long remodeling of skeletal tissue. Denosumab is a fully human mAb receptor activator of NF-κB ligand, which selectively inhibits osteoclastogenesis, the end product of a cascade interaction among num...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2010.516249
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Secukinumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody which targets and neutralizes interleukin (IL)-17A, a cytokine that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Secukinumab is the first IL-17A inhibitor approved for the treatment of AS. Areas covered: This paper aimed t...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2021.1851363
更新日期:2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::This review aims to give an updated overview of the worldwide situation of off-label and unlicensed drug use in the paediatric field, also taking into account the safety of this kind of treatment. A Medline and Embase search was performed between 1990 and 2006 and a total of 52 studies were identified and included in ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.5.5.703
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of statins was associated with breast cancer risk. BACKGROUND:Experimental studies have shown that statins have potential protective effects against cancer. METHODS:We conducted a population-based case-control study in Taiwan. Cases consisted of all p...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.885949
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a very short time, COX-2 enzyme inhibitors have gone from the darlings to the pariahs of the pharmaceutical industry. These drugs were developed based on the hypothesis whereby selective inhibition of the COX enzyme would lead to reduction in pain and inflammation without associated gastrointestinal and bleeding ri...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.4.6.1005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Possible relationship between drug exposure and multiple sclerosis (MS) development is insufficiently investigated, and further challenged by the incomplete understanding of MS etiopathogenesis. The study aims to investigate whether drug exposure could contribute to MS, by analyzing worldwide spontaneous rep...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1506763
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) is an important entity. This article reviews the literature on this rare idiosyncratic event which may occur after local or systemic drug administration. The data on this adverse reaction is predominantly collated from anecdotal case reports and case series. ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.4.2.285
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cardiac injury is one of the most impairing side effects of anticancer treatment. The extension of the range of available drugs, the use of combination regimens and the association with radiation therapy have improved life expectancy; however, they have also caused a rising typology of cardiac toxicities, ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.705826
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00