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A stable brain from unstable components: Emerging concepts and implications for neural computation.

Abstract：

:Neuroscientists have often described the adult brain in similar terms to an electronic circuit board- dependent on fixed, precise connectivity. However, with the advent of technologies allowing chronic measurements of neural structure and function, the emerging picture is that neural networks undergo significant remodeling over multiple timescales, even in the absence of experimenter-induced learning or sensory perturbation. Here, we attempt to reconcile the parallel observations that critical brain functions are stably maintained, while synapse- and single-cell properties appear to be reformatted regularly throughout adult life. In this review, we discuss experimental evidence at multiple levels ranging from synapses to neuronal ensembles, suggesting that many parameters are maintained in a dynamic equilibrium. We highlight emerging hypotheses that could explain how stable brain functions may be generated from dynamic elements. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of dynamic circuit elements on neural computations, and how they could provide living neural circuits with computational abilities a fixed structure cannot offer. Taken together, recent evidence indicates that continuous dynamics are a fundamental property of neural circuits compatible with macroscopically stable behaviors. In addition, they may be a unique advantage imparting robustness and flexibility throughout life.

journal_name

Neuroscience

journal_title

Neuroscience

authors

Chambers AR,Rumpel S

doi

10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.06.005

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-08-15 00:00:00

pages

172-184

eissn

0306-4522

issn

1873-7544

pii

S0306-4522(17)30401-3

journal_volume

357

pub_type

杂志文章,评审

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