Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The major health issue of being overweight or obese relates to the development of hypertension, insulin resistance and diabetic complications. One of the major underlying factors influencing the elevated blood pressure in obesity is increased activity of the sympathetic nerves to particular organs such as the kidney. RECENT FINDINGS:There is now convincing evidence from animal studies that major signals such as leptin and insulin have a sympathoexcitatory action in the hypothalamus to cause hypertension. Recent studies suggest that this may involve 'neural plasticity' within hypothalamic signalling driven by central actions of leptin mediated via activation of melanocortin receptor signalling and activation of brain neurotrophic factors. This review describes the evidence to support the contribution of the SNS to obesity related hypertension and the major metabolic and adipokine signals.
journal_name
Curr Hypertens Repjournal_title
Current hypertension reportsauthors
Lim K,Jackson KL,Sata Y,Head GAdoi
10.1007/s11906-017-0750-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-07-01 00:00:00pages
53issue
7eissn
1522-6417issn
1534-3111pii
10.1007/s11906-017-0750-1journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Angiotensin II is the most active hormone of the renin-angiotensin system. In humans, two angiotensin receptors have been identified: AT(1) and AT(2). In adults, most of the effects of angiotensin II are mediated by the AT(1) receptor; the function of the AT(2) receptor is not yet well established. Angiotensin II has ...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-999-0036-3
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peak-systolic blood pressure (SBP) and end-diastolic blood pressure (DBP) have been considered the exclusive mechanical factors predicting cardiovascular (CV) risk in populations of normotensive and hypertensive subjects. The purpose of this review is to show that in addition to SBP and DBP, other hemodynamic indices ...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-004-0068-7
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aldosterone antagonists have been highly successful in treating congestive heart failure and resistant hypertension. Until recently, therapies targeting the mineralocorticoid receptor in chronic kidney disease (CKD) have received little attention, largely because of the risk of hyperkalemia and the incorrect assumptio...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-011-0202-2
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common cause of arterial hypertension: in the PA Prevalence in Hypertensives (PAPY) Study, the prevalence of PA was 11.2% in consecutive referred hypertensive patients. When adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is available, two thirds of the cases can be attributed to a tumor and one third of c...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-010-0134-2
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The intrarenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) is an independent paracrine hormonal system with an increasingly prominent role in hypertension and renal disease. Two enzyme components of this system are angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and more recently discovered ACE2. The purpose of th...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-017-0778-2
更新日期:2017-09-19 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the most recent literature on current strategies for the treatment of hypertension associated with pediatric obesity. RECENT FINDINGS:Over the last three decades, childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity prevalence in the USA has continued to rise. Unsurprisingly but rather disturbin...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-019-0922-2
更新日期:2019-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of "perioperative hypertensive emergency" must be defined differently from that of ambulatory hypertensive emergency in view of its unique clinical considerations in an atypical setting. It should be noted that moderately high normal blood pressure (BP) values in the perioperative setting often trigger sit...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-014-0448-6
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seventeenth century London neuroanatomical school headed by Thomas Willis published the first images of the sympathetic nervous system. Nineteenth century European physiologists characterised these as the "pressor nerves". Von Euler's demonstration that the sympathetic transmitter was norepinephrine brought the fi...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-014-0519-8
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The pathophysiology of preeclampsia is complex and not entirely understood. A key feature in preeclampsia development is an immunological imbalance that shifts the maternal immune response from one of tolerance towards one promoting chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. As a key regulator ...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-018-0833-7
更新日期:2018-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::The kidneys play a central role in the long-term regulation of blood pressure and in the pathogenesis of hypertension. A common defect that has been found in all forms of hypertension examined to date is a hypertensive shift in the pressure-natriuresis relationship. A major objective of this brief review is to highlig...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-006-0068-x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Albuminuria is an early marker for diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes, and has a clear place in patient care. It also predicts cardiovascular events and mortality in diabetic patients and in the general population, and is slowly becoming accepted in population screening for cardiovascular disease and chron...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-009-0021-x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary aldosteronism is commonly regarded as largely sporadic, but both germline and somatic mutations are increasingly recognized as underlying the condition. Three germline mutations causing familial hyperaldosteronism have been described, dubbed FH I (due to a CYP11B1/CYP11B2 chimera), FH II (localized to chromoso...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-012-0255-x
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have identified key gender differences in cardiovascular function, renal hemodynamics, and the renin-angiotensin system. Extensive epidemiologic evidence has shown a clear gender difference in cardiovascular and renal disease progression, whereby female sex appears to be protective. The mechanisms under...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-002-0039-9
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotics on blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and blood glucose changes in patients with hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS:We searched the PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and ProQuest databases using a combination of MeSH a...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s11906-020-01042-4
更新日期:2020-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Na+,K+-ATPase distributes ions between the intracellular and extracellular space and is responsible for total-body sodium homeostasis. The activity of this ion pump is regulated by catecholamines and peptide hormones; by the ligand of Na+,K+-ATPase, ouabain; and by direct interaction with cytoskeleton proteins. This r...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-001-0032-8
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations using chronic blood pressure (BP) radiotelemetry in conscious animals have provided substantial insights into the pathophysiology of hypertensive renal damage. Normal renal autoregulation protects the renal microvasculature from significant injury in most patients with primary hypertension, unless BP ex...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-004-0091-8
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is present in three of four patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) but remains largely uncontrolled in most patients. Treating hypertension in these patients is complicated by the concern of precipitating coronary ischemia when diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is reduced excessively. However, an emergi...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-008-0066-2
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women with chronic hypertension and pregnancy-induced hypertension are at substantial risk for developing pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, a disease with high fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. However, the etiology of this disease is still unknown. In this article, recent concepts on the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia, ...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-003-0057-2
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in modulating cardiovascular function and fluid homeostasis. While the systemic actions of the RAS are widely accepted, the role of the RAS in the brain, its regulation of cardiovascular function, and sympathetic outflow remain controversial. ...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-018-0810-1
更新日期:2018-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::LCZ696 is a single molecule which combines the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan with the neprilysn inhibitor sacubitril (AHU377). In the recently published PARADIGM-HF trial, LCZ696 proved superior to enalapril in reducing overall mortality, heart failure hospitalizations, and other endpoints in patients with sy...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-015-0548-y
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This is a review of available data on the effects of blood pressure and statins on cognition. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent randomized clinical trials have shown that intensive control of systolic blood pressure in older adults prevented the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the combined ef...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-019-0973-4
更新日期:2019-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::Nycthemeral changes in renal function have been known for a long time, but our knowledge about the underlying mechanisms is still far from complete. From a theoretical point of view, many physiological systems could be involved in turning the kidney from a sodium-excretory organ during daytime into a sodium-conserving...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-011-0183-1
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excess weight gain is a major cause of essential hypertension, and abnormal kidney function appears to be a cause as well as a consequence of obesity hypertension. Excess renal sodium reabsorption and a hypertensive shift of pressure natriuresis play a major role in mediating increased blood pressure associated with w...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-000-0073-4
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adverse cardiovascular consequences of high blood pressure (BP) not only depend on absolute BP values, but also on BP variability (BPV). Evidence has been provided that independently of mean BP levels, BP variations in the short- and long-term are associated with the development, progression and severity of cardia...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-012-0290-7
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review provides a comprehensive insight into the angiogenic profile of hypertensive and normotensive pregnancies compromised by HIV infection. Furthermore, we evaluate the economic implementation of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and review the reports on therapeutic apheresis in limiting sFlt-1 productio...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-019-0970-7
更新日期:2019-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The obesity gene product leptin plays an important role in the physiologic regulation of appetite and energy balance. Plasma leptin levels correlate closely with body fat storage and may respond to changes in energy expenditure. Recent evidence has implicated a direct cardiac regulatory action of leptin in addition to...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-008-0084-0
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper critically addresses the issue of the "J-curve" paradox--the finding described in studies performed about 30 years ago indicating that treatment-induced systolic blood pressure values below 120 or 125 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure values below 75 mm Hg are characterized by an increase, rather than a re...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-010-0121-7
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:It is well-established that the age-related increase in blood pressure is augmented after menopause. Yet, the prevalence of hypertension is enhanced in low birth weight women relative to normal birth weight counterparts by 60 years of age suggesting that adverse influences during fetal life height...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-017-0712-7
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of renin production by the principal cells of the collecting duct has opened new perspectives for the regulation of intrarenal angiotensin II (Ang II). Angiotensinogen (AGT) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) are present in the tubular fluid coming from the proximal tubule and collecting duct. All th...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11906-017-0763-9
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular disease disproportionately affects minority populations, in part because of multiple sociocultural factors that directly affect compliance with antihypertensive medication regimens. Compliance is a complex health behavior determined by a variety of socioeconomic, individual, familial, and cultural facto...
journal_title:Current hypertension reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03215777
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00