Differential methylation is associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate and contributes to penetrance effects.

Abstract:

:Non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCLP) is a common congenital malformation with a multifactorial model of inheritance. Although several at-risk alleles have been identified, they do not completely explain the high heritability. We postulate that epigenetic factors as DNA methylation might contribute to this missing heritability. Using a Methylome-wide association study in a Brazilian cohort (67 NSCLP, 59 controls), we found 578 methylation variable positions (MVPs) that were significantly associated with NSCLP. MVPs were enriched in regulatory and active regions of the genome and in pathways already implicated in craniofacial development. In an independent UK cohort (171 NSCLP, 177 controls), we replicated 4 out of 11 tested MVPs. We demonstrated a significant positive correlation between blood and lip tissue DNA methylation, indicating blood as a suitable tissue for NSCLP methylation studies. Next, we quantified CDH1 promoter methylation levels in CDH1 mutation-positive families, including penetrants, non-penetrants or non-carriers for NSCLP. We found methylation levels to be significantly higher in the penetrant individuals. Taken together, our results demonstrated the association of methylation at specific genomic locations as contributing factors to both non-familial and familial NSCLP and altered DNA methylation may be a second hit contributing to penetrance.

journal_name

Sci Rep

journal_title

Scientific reports

authors

Alvizi L,Ke X,Brito LA,Seselgyte R,Moore GE,Stanier P,Passos-Bueno MR

doi

10.1038/s41598-017-02721-0

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-05-26 00:00:00

pages

2441

issue

1

issn

2045-2322

pii

10.1038/s41598-017-02721-0

journal_volume

7

pub_type

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