Abstract：
:Measures of physiological stress in zoo animals can give important insights into how they are affected by aspects of their captive environment. We analysed the factors influencing variation in glucocorticoid metabolites in faeces (fGCs) from zoo meerkats as a proxy for blood cortisol concentration, high levels of which are associated with a stress response. Levels of fGCs in captive meerkats declined with increasing group size. In the wild, very small groups of meerkats are at a higher risk of predation, while in larger groups, there is increased competition for resources. Indeed, group sizes in captivity resemble those seen in unstable coalitions in the wild, which may represent a stressful condition and predispose meerkats to chronic stress, even in the absence of natural predators. Individuals in large enclosures showed lower levels of stress, but meerkat density had no effect on the stress measures. In contrast with data from wild meerkats, neither sex, age nor dominance status predicted stress levels, which may reflect less food stress owing to more equal access to resources in captivity versus wild. The median number of visitors at the enclosure was positively correlated with fGC concentrations on the following day, with variation in the visitor numbers having the opposite effect. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that there is an optimum group size which minimizes physiological stress in meerkats, and that zoo meerkats at most risk of physiological stress are those kept in small groups and small enclosures and are exposed to consistently high numbers of visitors.
journal_name
R Soc Open Scijournal_title
Royal Society open scienceauthors
Scott K,Heistermann M,Cant MA,Vitikainen EIKdoi
10.1098/rsos.161017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-04-19 00:00:00pages
161017issue
4issn
2054-5703pii
rsos161017journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A novel polyamine-type starch/glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) copolymer with a high capacity for the adsorption of heavy metal ions was prepared via graft copolymerization of GMA and corn starch and a subsequent amination reaction between amino group of diethylenetriamine and epoxy group in GMA. The copolymers were charac...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.180281
更新日期：2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract：:In a previous article, an algorithm for identifying therapeutic targets in Boolean networks modelling pathological mechanisms was introduced. In the present article, the improvements made on this algorithm, named kali, are described. These improvements are (i) the possibility to work on asynchronous Boolean networks, ...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.171852
更新日期：2018-02-14 00:00:00
abstract：:MCM-41 was prepared through the sol-gel method and encapsulated by polydopamine (PDA) before being coordinated with metal ions to form a highly efficient sustained release system (M-PDA-MCM-41) for triazolone delivery. The characterization results confirmed the existence of the coordination bond between the PDA layer ...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.180658
更新日期：2018-07-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we examined the kinematic function of the morpho- logically unique first thoracic vertebra in giraffes. The first thoracic vertebra of the giraffe displayed similar shape to the seventh cervical vertebra in general ruminants. The flexion experiment using giraffe carcasses demonstrated that the first thoracic vert...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.150604
更新日期：2016-02-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The broad biogeographic distribution of Hesperornis fossils in Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway deposits has prompted questions about whether they endured polar winters or migrated between mid- and high latitudes. Here, we compare microstructures of hesperornithiform long bones from Kansas and the Arctic to inv...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.140245
更新日期：2014-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromium oxide coatings prepared by radiofrequency reactive magnetron sputtering on stainless steel substrates were exposed to Ringer's physiological solution and tested for their electrochemical corrosion stability using an open circuit potential measurement, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance sp...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.170218
更新日期：2017-07-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherothrombosis is the cornerstone of cardiovascular diseases and the primary cause of death worldwide. Genetic contribution to disturbances in lipid metabolism, coagulation, inflammation and oxidative stress increase the susceptibility to its development and progression. Given its multifactorial nature, the multiloc...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.190775
更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Dispersal limitation, not just environmental selection, plays an important role in microbial biogeography. The distance-decay relationship is thought to be weak in habitats where dispersal is high, such as in the pelagic environment, where ocean currents facilitate microbial dispersal. Most studies of microbial commun...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.170033
更新日期：2017-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The differences in life-history traits and processes between organisms living in the same or different populations contribute to their ecological and evolutionary dynamics. We developed mixed-effect model formulations of the popular size-at-age von Bertalanffy and Gompertz growth functions to estimate individual and g...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.192146
更新日期：2020-04-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Aerial habitats present a challenge to find food across a large potential search volume, particularly for insectivorous bats that rely on echolocation calls with limited detection range and may forage at heights over 1000 m. To understand how bats use vertical space, we tracked one to five foraging flights of eight co...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.181942
更新日期：2019-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：:With an attempt to economically and efficiently improve the water resistance of defatted soya bean flour (DSF)-based wood adhesives, DSF was subjected to thermal treatment at various temperatures (65°C, 80°C, 95°C, 110°C and 125°C) for 30 min. The effects of thermal treatment temperature onto the chemical structure, c...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.180015
更新日期：2018-05-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Robust imaging techniques for tracking insects have been essential tools in numerous laboratory and field studies on pests, beneficial insects and model systems. Recent innovations in optical imaging systems and associated signal processing have enabled detailed characterization of nocturnal mosquito behaviour around ...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.191951
更新日期：2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract：:In evolutionary biomechanics it is often considered that gaits should evolve to minimize the energetic cost of travelling a given distance. In gait simulation this goal often leads to convincing gait generation. However, as the musculoskeletal models used get increasingly sophisticated, it becomes apparent that such a...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.171836
更新日期：2018-03-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The utility of characterizing the effects of strain variation and individual/subgroup susceptibility on dose-response outcomes has motivated the search for new approaches beyond the popular use of the exponential dose-response model for listeriosis. While descriptive models can account for such variation, they have li...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.180343
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The theory of evolution by natural selection can help explain why people care about other species. Building upon recent insights that morality evolves to secure fitness advantages of cooperation, we propose that conservation ethics (moral beliefs, attitudes, intuitions and norms regarding other species) could be adapt...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.181038
更新日期：2018-11-21 00:00:00
abstract：:This comment presents acoustic and visual data showing deep seafloor depression chains similar to those reported in Marsh et al. (R. Soc. open sci. 5: 180286), though from a different deep-sea setting. Marsh et al. present data collected during cruise JC120 from polymetallic nodule rich sites within the Clarion-Clippe...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.182053
更新日期：2019-03-13 00:00:00
abstract：:It is recently demonstrated that amorphous Ge anode shows higher reversible Na-ion storage capacity (590 mA h g-1) than crystallized Ge anode (369 mA h g-1). Here, amorphous GeO x anode is prepared by a simple wet-chemistry reduction route at room temperature. The obtained...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.171477
更新日期：2018-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Arc faults in low-voltage electrical circuits are the main hidden cause of electric fires. Accurate identification of arc faults is essential for safe power consumption. In this paper, a detection algorithm for arc faults is tested in a low-voltage circuit. With capacitance coupling and a logarithmic detector, the hig...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.180160
更新日期：2018-09-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential for widespread job automation has become an important topic of discussion in recent years, and it is thought that many American workers may need to learn new skills or transition to new jobs to maintain stable positions in the workforce. Because workers' existing skills may make such transitions more or ...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.182124
更新日期：2019-07-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Prior experience influences visual perception. For example, extended viewing of a moving stimulus results in the misperception of a subsequent stimulus's motion direction-the direction after-effect (DAE). There has been an ongoing debate regarding the locus of the neural mechanisms underlying the DAE. We know the mech...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.190114
更新日期：2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Mounting evidence suggests that we are experiencing rapidly accelerating global climate change. Understanding how climate change may affect life is critical to identifying species and populations that are vulnerable. Most current research focuses on investigating how organisms may respond to gradual warming, but anoth...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.171604
更新日期：2018-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (ginseng) has been widely used as a herb and functional food in the world. Polysaccharides are the main active components of ginseng. In this paper, the polysaccharides were sequentially extracted by 50 mM Na2CO3, 1 M KOH and 4 M KOH from ginseng roots treated sequentially with hot water, α-a...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.171644
更新日期：2018-03-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Biomedical device-associated infection (BAI) and lack of osseointegration are the main causes of implant failure. Therefore, it is imperative for implants not only to depress microbial activity and biofilm colonization but also to prompt osteoblast functions and osseointegration. As part of the coating development for...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.172310
更新日期：2018-04-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer today in women. The main avenue of diagnosis is through manual examination of histopathology tissue slides. Such a process is often subjective and error-ridden, suffering from both inter- and intraobserver variability. Our objective is to develop an automatic ...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.160558
更新日期：2016-12-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Humans are often considered egocentric creatures, particularly (and ironically) when we are supposed to take another person's perspective over our own (i.e. when we use our theory of mind). We investigated the underlying causes of this phenomenon. We gave young adult participants a false belief task (Sandbox Task) in ...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.181355
更新日期：2018-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymer-based composites with the advantages of ceramics and polymers exhibit high dielectric constant, good processing properties and low dielectric loss. The composites with a varied content of irregular alumina (i-Al2O3) filler were prepared by UV-cured epoxy acrylic (EA). Spherical alumina (s-Al2O3) was used as a ...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.181509
更新日期：2019-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Decision-making, when humans and other animals choose between two options, is not always based on the absolute values of the options but can also depend on their relative values. The present study examines whether decision-making by cuttlefish is dependent on relative values learned from previous experience. Cuttlefis...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.201602
更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:A method developed based on the capillary effect and capillary condensation theory was used to synthesize an innovative Fe/C/Pd composite in this study. This composite (Fe@CNTs@Pd) consists of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) on the inner surface and palladium nanoparticles supported on th...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.172242
更新日期：2018-06-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem that appears in all age groups and affects approximately 15-30% of people. Baicalin has been used for the treatment of various allergic diseases, including AR. However, the metabolic mechanisms of AR and baicalin against AR have not been systematically studied. Here, o...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.181081
更新日期：2019-02-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Waterfalls are conspicuous geomorphological features with heterogeneous structure, complex dynamics and multiphase flows. Swifts, dippers and starlings are well-known to nest behind waterfalls, and have been reported to fly through them. For smaller fliers, by contrast, waterfalls seem to represent impenetrable barrie...
journal_title：Royal Society open science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1098/rsos.201185
更新日期：2020-08-19 00:00:00
