Pediatric status epilepticus: improved management with new drug therapies?

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Status Epilepticus (SE) is the most common neurological emergency of childhood. It requires prompt administration of appropriately selected anti-seizure medications. Areas covered: Following a distinction between estabilished and emergent drugs, we present pharmacological treatment options and their clinical utility in children, with a short mention on alternatives to drug treatment. We also propose an algorithm for the management of pediatric SE. For this review a Pubmed, Medline and Embase search was performed. Expert opinion: In early SE in children, in the prehospital setting, rectal diazepam or buccal midazolam are efficacious drugs; whereas in the hospital setting, intravenous lorazepam or diazepam are indicated. As regard estabilished stage of SE, in addition to the 'classic' compounds, such as phenytoin and phenobarbital, other drugs such as valproic acid, levetiracetam and lacosamide have been demonstrated efficacious. Treatment recommendations of refractory SE depend on retrospective case series and uncontrolled studies. We reported experiences about the use of midazolam, propofol, ketamine and lidocaine. They could be a valid option, but further prospective studies are necessary. Over the last few decades, important advances in basic mechanisms underlying refractory SE have been achieved, but few data are available regarding management of these stages.

authors

Verrotti A,Ambrosi M,Pavone P,Striano P

doi

10.1080/14656566.2017.1323873

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-06-01 00:00:00

pages

789-798

issue

8

eissn

1465-6566

issn

1744-7666

journal_volume

18

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Vinflunine for the treatment of breast cancer.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the highest cause of cancer mortality in females worldwide. The development of drugs improving overall survival in late-stage metastatic breast cancer remains a challenge. Vinflunine is the most recently developed drug in the vinca alkaloid class. I...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2016.1217991

    authors: Gourmelon C,Bourien H,Augereau P,Patsouris A,Frenel JS,Campone M

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • MP29-02: a breakthrough for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Allergic rhinitis (AR) can be challenging to treat. For many patients, current therapies (including multiple therapies) provide insufficient symptom relief. There is, therefore, a clear unmet medical need for a new and more effective AR treatment option. MP29-02 ( Dymista ) is a novel intranasal formulatio...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2013.828693

    authors: Bernstein JA

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00

  • Cost-effectiveness of widespread screening for Chlamydia trachomatis.

    abstract::Screening for sexually transmitted diseases is included in routine health care for several infectious agents in many western European countries. Current considerations on extensions of these programs include widespread screening strategies for Chlamydia trachomatis. In women, C. trachomatis infection may lead to seque...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.3.10.1443

    authors: Postma MJ,Welte R,Morré SA

    更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00

  • Emerging treatment using tubulin inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Tubulin inhibitors including taxanes and vinca alkaloids are important components of chemotherapy regimens used in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite a treatment paradigm shift due to molecularly-targeted therapies and immunotherapy, a majority of patients will receive chemotherapy during...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2017.1316374

    authors: Hardin C,Shum E,Singh AP,Perez-Soler R,Cheng H

    更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00

  • Cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: effects of anti-TNF drugs.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease which cannot be explained by traditional cardiovascular risk factors alone. Atherosclerosis is considered an inflammatory condition and inflammation experienced in RA may contribute to accelerated atheros...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.9.7.1121

    authors: Avouac J,Allanore Y

    更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00

  • Pediatric HIV: new opportunities to treat children.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Treating HIV-infected children remains a challenge due to a lack of treatment options, appropriate drug formulations and, in countries with limited resources, insufficient access to diagnostic tests and treatment. OBJECTIVE:To summarize current data concerning new opportunities to improve the treatment of H...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656560903012377

    authors: Van der Linden D,Callens S,Brichard B,Colebunders R

    更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00

  • Phosphate binder usage in kidney failure patients.

    abstract::Phosphorus binders are used in patients with kidney failure because of the incomplete removal of phosphorus with dialysis and the inability to exclude phosphorus from the diet. Aluminium was the initial phosphorus binder used, but was replaced by calcium-containing binders because of the development of aluminium toxic...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.4.6.941

    authors: Bleyer AJ

    更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00

  • Candesartan for the management of heart failure: more than an alternative.

    abstract::Candesartan is a long-acting angiotensin receptor antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with insurmountable receptor binding abilities. Recent studies have shown candesartan to be an effective therapy for heart failure patients, producing a significant reduction in mortality and morbidity. ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.7.14.1945

    authors: McKelvie RS

    更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00

  • The pharmacological management of cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV (PLWH).

    abstract::ABSTARCT Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be an essential cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus infection (PLWH). Since the bulk of cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors are shared between PLWH and the general population, prevention and treatment stra...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1856075

    authors: Corbacho N,Mur I,Molas ME,Vidal F,Domingo P

    更新日期:2021-01-04 00:00:00

  • Oral chemotherapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Many clinical trials have been conducted with chemotherapies in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few agents have shown efficacy. It is thought that the efficacy of some agents might have resulted from the heterogeneity of tumors, insufficient dosages due to liver cirrhosis, a...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2018.1479398

    authors: Yamamoto S,Kondo S

    更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00

  • Safe Therapeutic Economic Pharmaceutical Selection (STEPS): development, introduction and use in Northern Ireland.

    abstract::A number of medicine selection methods have been used worldwide for formulary purposes. In Northern Ireland, integrated medicines management is being developed, and related projects have been carried out. This paper deals with the description of the STEPS (Safe Therapeutic Economic Pharmaceutical Selection) programme....

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1517/14656566.8.s1.s57

    authors: Scott M,Timoney M,Mairs J,Crealey G,Al Abaddi I,Brenninkmeijer R,Janknegt R,McElnay J

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacotherapy with oral Xa inhibitors for venous thromboembolism.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Venous thromboembolism (VTE) causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. The traditional treatment of VTE, with an initial therapy with (low molecular weight) heparin or fondaparinux and a continued treatment with vitamin K antagonists, is effective but has limitations. AREAS COVERED:The current...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2015.999043

    authors: Vanassche T,Vandenbriele C,Peerlinck K,Verhamme P

    更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00

  • Evolving treatment strategies for chronic refractory angina.

    abstract::Chronic refractory angina is a term used to describe patients who, despite optimal medical therapy, have both angina and objective evidence of ischaemia. It is estimated that 5-15% of the 12 million patients with chronic angina in the US meet the criteria for having refractory angina. This review focuses on the follow...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.7.3.259

    authors: Yang EH,Barsness GW

    更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00

  • Delaying surgery with chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremities.

    abstract::Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary cancer of bone. When treated by surgery alone, it is almost invariably followed by metastatic dissemination and death. This dismal prognosis can be improved dramatically by including chemotherapy in an interdisciplinary regimen. Today, two-thirds of patients with localised ext...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.5.6.1243

    authors: Bielack SS,Machatschek JN,Flege S,Jürgens H

    更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00

  • An evaluation of the efficacy and safety of erdafitinib for the treatment of bladder cancer.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Treatment of unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) has historically relied upon platinum-based chemotherapy and, more recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors. When tumors progress despite those therapies, remaining effective options are limited. AREAS COVERED:In this review, the authors revi...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1736036

    authors: Nauseef JT,Villamar DM,Lebenthal J,Vlachostergios PJ,Tagawa ST

    更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacotherapies for the treatment of glioblastoma - current evidence and perspectives.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Glioblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor, exhibits a poor prognosis with little therapeutic progress in the last decade. Novel treatment strategies beyond the established standard of care with temozolomide-based radiotherapy are urgently needed. AREAS COVERED:We reviewed the literature on gliob...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2016.1176146

    authors: Seystahl K,Gramatzki D,Roth P,Weller M

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Once-monthly paliperidone palmitate in recently diagnosed and chronic non-acute patients with schizophrenia.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the treatment response, tolerability and safety of once-monthly paliperidone palmitate (PP1M) in non-acute patients switched from oral antipsychotics, stratified by time since diagnosis as recently diagnosed (≤3 years) or chronic patients (>3 years). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Post hoc analysis o...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2016.1174692

    authors: Hargarter L,Bergmans P,Cherubin P,Keim S,Conca A,Serrano-Blanco A,Bitter I,Bilanakis N,Schreiner A

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Event reduction: revisiting why we treat with statins and harnessing current evidence towards optimal therapy.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Statins are widely accepted as the drugs of choice for achieving increasingly stringent low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals for dyslipidemic patients. However, when making treatment decisions, outcomes data from clinical trials are of greater importance than LDL-C-lowering ability....

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2010.516747

    authors: Weart CW,Hogan RJ

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Management of insomnia in alcohol use disorder.

    abstract::Introduction: Insomnia has been implicated in the development, maintenance, worsening, and relapse of alcohol use disorder (AUD).Areas covered: The authors review the possible pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options of insomnia for patients with alcohol-use disorder and provide their expert opinion.E...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2019.1705279

    authors: Geoffroy PA,Lejoyeux M,Rolland B

    更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00

  • Can binimetinib, encorafenib and masitinib be more efficacious than currently available mutation-based targeted therapies for melanoma treatment?

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Historically, there were few effective and durable treatments for metastatic melanoma. Recently, mutation based targeted therapies have revolutionized treatment and outcomes for patients with metastatic melanoma. Specifically, inhibitors aimed at BRAF, NRAS, and C-KIT mutations are now commonly used in tre...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2017.1299710

    authors: Turner MC,Rossfeld K,Salama AK,Tyler D,Beasley G

    更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00

  • The efficacy and safety of teneligliptin added to ongoing metformin monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized study with open label extension.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of teneligliptin co-administered to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were inadequately controlled by stable metformin monotherapy ≥ 1000 mg/day. METHODS:A total of 447 patients from 55 European centers who completed a 14-day screening and ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2016.1190334

    authors: Bryson A,Jennings PE,Deak L,Paveliu FS,Lawson M

    更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00

  • New topical treatments for psoriasis.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated disorder that in 70% of cases appears in mild or mild-to-moderate form. Psoriasis is usually treated with topical medications and/or phototherapy with variable efficacy in controlling the disease. AREAS COVERED:For the past three decades, research has been focused on ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2014.875159

    authors: Chiricozzi A,Pitocco R,Saraceno R,Nistico SP,Giunta A,Chimenti S

    更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00

  • Ramipril in the treatment of vascular diseases.

    abstract::Ramipril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that has been extensively studied in randomised, controlled clinical trials in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Therapy with ramipril in patients with various cardiovascular disorders has demonstrated significant and clinically important reductions in cardio...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.6.11.1911

    authors: Rokoss MJ,Teo KK

    更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00

  • Nitric oxide scavengers in the treatment of shock associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

    abstract::Shock associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a form of distributive shock affecting over 200,000 patients per year in the US that results in 50% mortality. The role of NO in a variety of shock states has been extensively studied and has been shown to be the primary effector in endotoxin lipo...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.1.1.19

    authors: De Angelo J

    更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00

  • Fluoroquinolones in the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections in adult women.

    abstract::Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most commonly encountered bacterial infections. Acute uncomplicated UTIs in adults include episodes of cystitis and pyelonephritis. The main uropathogens causing uncomplicated UTIs have, in the past, been fairly predictable and they have generally been susceptible to sever...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2.8.1227

    authors: Garrison J,Hooton TM

    更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00

  • Recommendations for the management of migraine in paediatric patients.

    abstract::Migraine is a common and disabling condition in children and adolescents. The complexity of migraine on a pathogenetic and clinical level results from the interaction between biological, psychological and environmental factors. Appropriate management requires an individually tailored strategy giving due consideration ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.8.6.731

    authors: Balottin U,Termine C

    更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00

  • Abacavir/lamividune combination in the treatment of HIV-1 infection: a review.

    abstract::Consensus guidelines for the management of HIV infection recommend the use of two nucleoside analogues in combination with either a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor in therapy-naive patients. As adherence is crucial for treatment success, regimens with fewer pill...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.7.18.2571

    authors: Waters L,Moyle G

    更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00

  • Aripiprazole for the treatment of irritability associated with autism.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Irritability (including tantrums, aggression and moodiness) is often associated with autistic disorder. Children with autism are frequently prescribed atypical antipsychotic medications for these behaviors. Although multiple agents have been found to be effective, the safety and tolerability of each antips...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2011.557661

    authors: Farmer CA,Aman MG

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • The therapeutic management of differentiated thyroid cancer.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The management of thyroid cancer is difficult because the tumors comprise a wide range of biologic behaviors, from small papillary thyroid microcarcinomas that pose little or no threat to survival for the patient, to anaplastic thyroid cancers that are arguably the most lethal tumor. Although it may be diffi...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.9.15.2627

    authors: Sipos JA,Mazzaferri EL

    更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00

  • Economic assessment in the management of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

    abstract::An increasing need for economic evaluations of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treatments exists. We performed a literature review on the currently available NHL economic evaluations, using PubMed and the Cochrane database. English and Dutch language papers on treatment in adults were selected. A total of 88 publications...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.5.12.2529

    authors: van Agthoven M,Uyl-de Groot CA,Sonneveld P,Hagenbeek A

    更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00