Abstract：
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Antibiotics are commonly used to treat wheezy lower respiratory tract illnesses in preschoolers, although these infections have been traditionally thought to be predominantly of viral origin. Our purpose is to review recent research pertaining to the role of antibiotics in lower respiratory tract illnesses and on subsequent asthma development, as well as the possible mechanisms of their effects. RECENT FINDINGS:Increasing evidence suggests that asthma pathogenesis is associated with events during infancy and early childhood, particularly respiratory tract infections. While viruses are frequently detected in children with lower respiratory tract infections, the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria is also often detected and may play a role in asthma pathogenesis. Recent evidence suggests that use of macrolides, particularly azithromycin, may decrease the risk of and duration of lower respiratory tract illnesses and prevent future episodes in specific high-risk populations. Infants and preschoolers who have wheezy lower respiratory tract illnesses have a higher risk of asthma development. Alterations in the microbiome are thought to be influential. While several recent studies identify azithromycin as a therapeutic option in these illnesses, additional research is needed.
journal_name
Curr Allergy Asthma Repjournal_title
Current allergy and asthma reportsauthors
Kwong CG,Bacharier LBdoi
10.1007/s11882-017-0701-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-05-01 00:00:00pages
34issue
5eissn
1529-7322issn
1534-6315pii
10.1007/s11882-017-0701-6journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：PURPOSES OF REVIEW:Th9 cells are recognized as a novel subset of effector T helper cells that preferentially produce IL-9. Here, we provide a current update on the reports related to the function of Th9 cells in allergic inflammatory diseases. RECENT FINDINGS:The effector Th9 cells differentiating from naïve T helper ...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-019-0860-8
更新日期：2019-03-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past four decades, many patients have been reported to have deficiencies of one or more subclasses of immunoglobulin G (IgG), despite normal total IgG serum concentrations. However, except for those with extremely low or absent IgG2 concentrations and an inability to produce antibodies to polysaccharide antig...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-002-0067-1
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:An update on new therapies currently approved or potentially useful in the future for the management of patients suffering moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. RECENT FINDINGS:New pathogenic mechanisms involved in atopic dermatitis have permitted to propose novel therapeutic approaches devised to co...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-019-0849-3
更新日期：2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Rising costs and increasing morbidity makes the identification and treatment of high-risk asthma phenotypes important. In this review, we outline the complex relationship between obesity and asthma. RECENT FINDINGS:Studies have confirmed a bi-directional relationship between obesity and asthma. Patho...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-019-0877-z
更新日期：2019-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are important allergens in fruits, vegetables, nuts, pollen, and latex. Despite their wide distribution throughout the plant kingdom, their clinical relevance is largely confined to the Mediterranean area. As they can sensitize via the gastrointestinal tract, LPTs are conside...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-010-0128-9
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathology of atopic dermatitis is orchestrated on the cellular level by several different cell types in the characteristic skin lesions. In such lesions, histamine as a mediator of many biological functions is also present in high concentrations. Most of the cells involved in the inflammatory responses express the...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-010-0162-7
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diagnosing food allergies can be challenging to the practitioner. Our armamentarium includes standardized skin prick testing, radioallergoimmunosorbent (RAST) testing, and food challenges. These methods have certainly been helpful in the IgE-mediated disorders, including urticaria and anaphylaxis. However, diagnosing ...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-005-0061-5
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Occupational asthma (OA) is a complex disease that is often hard to diagnose due to difficulties in detecting relevant exposure, along with inherent differences in disease susceptibility. Numerous studies have attempted to identify relevant biological and genetic markers for OA and to devise tools capable of detecting...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-014-0488-7
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nasal provocation test (NPT) could be more extensively used in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis by practicing physicians. However, the procedure has not been standardized, and has mainly been utilized for scientific purposes in the US. This review illustrates a wide variety of techniques and approaches to dosing...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-002-0019-9
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increased prevalence of atopic diseases, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma has been described as an epidemic. New approaches in the fight against allergic diseases are called for, the target being the persistence of the atopic T helper 2-skewed immune responder pattern beyond infancy. Atopic dermati...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-004-0070-9
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Orbital myositis is an inflammatory process that primarily involves the extraocular muscles and most commonly affects young adults in the third decade of life, with a female predilection. Clinical characteristics of orbital myositis include orbital and periorbital pain, ocular movement impairment, diplopia, proptosis,...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-009-0045-y
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the upper airways of which two major phenotypes exist, CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) and CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Some patients with CRS have suboptimal response to current guideline treatments. These patients remain severe and uncontrolled b...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-015-0520-6
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe inherited and acquired genetic variants and clinical entities associated with increased basal serum tryptase (BST), distinguish these levels from those which acutely rise due to mast cell activation, and finally to characterize the association between chronically elevated basal serum trypt...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-019-0887-x
更新日期：2019-11-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditionally, symptoms are important patient-oriented outcomes in asthma treatment, and assessment of symptoms is an essential component of assessing asthma control. However, variable airways obstruction, airways hyperresponsiveness and chronic inflammation are key components of the asthma syndrome, and correlations ...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-013-0364-x
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a well-established allergen-specific immunotherapy and a safe and effective strategy to reorient inappropriate immune responses in allergic patients. SLIT takes advantage of the tolerogenic environment of the oral mucosa to promote tolerance to the allergen. Several clinical studies ...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-014-0473-1
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There has been an explosion in the number of published systematic reviews on chronic rhinosinusitis in the last decade. RECENT FINDINGS:While the aim of these reviews in facilitating evidence-based practice is laudable, poor quality reviews may contain significant bias that can mislead a non-discerni...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-018-0762-1
更新日期：2018-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is characterized by immune dysregulation due to a defect in lymphocyte apoptosis. The clinical manifestations may be noted in multiple family members and include lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, increased risk of lymphoma, and autoimmune disease, which typically involves he...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-014-0462-4
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral food challenges are the gold-standard diagnostic investigation for diagnosing food allergy. They allow a subject to consume an age-appropriate portion of allergenic food under surveillance to assess whether a reproducible immune-mediated adverse response is demonstrated. The specific design of food challenge must...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-015-0549-6
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although fungi are pervasive in many environments, few cause disease in humans. Of these, Aspergillus fumigatus is particularly well suited to be a pathogen of the human lung. Its physical and biological characteristics combine to provide an organism that can cause tremendous morbidity and high mortality if left unche...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-015-0561-x
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucocorticoid insensitivity presents a profound management problem in patients with asthma because conventional therapies are not effective. Glucocorticoids, acting through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), are able to selectively repress inflammatory gene expression by utilizing several distinct mechanisms targeting...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-008-0028-4
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concerns about cross-allergenicity between sulfonamide antibiotics and nonantibiotic sulfonamide-containing drugs continue to complicate pharmacotherapy. Several elegant investigations have demonstrated unequivocal lack of interaction between the sulfonamide group and either cellular or humoral immunity. The immunolog...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-007-0029-8
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differences in asthma prevalence have been described across different populations, suggesting that genetic ancestry can play an important role in this disease. In fact, several studies have demonstrated an association between African ancestry with increased asthma susceptibility and severity, higher immunoglobulin E l...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-016-0635-4
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review aims to update the information available on the prevalence, clinical picture, diagnostic methods, and treatment of urticarias induced by external physical stimuli. RECENT FINDINGS:Physical urticarias are present in up to 5% of the general population, and in 10 to 50% of patients with chro...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-017-0722-1
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) can be divided into the primary form (caused by an allergic reaction occurring primarily in the conjunctivae) and the secondary form (induced by allergic reaction originating primarily in the nasal mucosa, where the released mediators can reach conjunctiva through the lacrimal system, the ...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11882-010-0119-x
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT) is the only disease-modifying treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is the only method with a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved formulation, but safety concerns limit administration to medical facilities. Sublingual immunotherap...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-007-0063-6
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disorder affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses. Although bacteria have long been implicated as pathogens in most forms of CRS, fungi may be responsible for some forms. Several recent studies demonstrated that, under optimal conditions, fungi can be identified in the n...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-008-0018-6
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction characterized by a syndrome of dermatologic and systemic signs and symptoms, at times including cardiovascular collapse from distributive shock. Although it is recognized that the incidence of anaphylaxis is increasing, the extent of its prevalence, both ...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-003-0007-8
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the smoking prevalence in the United States continues to decline since the Surgeon General's first report in 1964, certain vulnerable populations continue to be disproportionately affected by the adverse consequences of tobacco smoke exposure. Children are particularly vulnerable to exposure and are likely to...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-013-0389-1
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) encompasses a wide variety of etiologies. To date, a unifying pathophysiologic mechanism remains elusive. Eosinophilia is frequently, but not exclusively, caused by immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated hypersensitivity and is dominated by the associated cytokine milieu of Th2 inflam...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-006-0036-1
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes catalyze the rate-limiting steps in prostaglandin synthesis. Prostaglandins have an important role in several physiological processes such as maintenance of gastrointestinal integrity and pathological processes such as inflammation and neoplasia. Several mechanisms have been proposed for t...
journal_title：Current allergy and asthma reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11882-008-0037-3
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
