Abstract：
:Our aim is to gain insight into the mechanisms underlying the anti-atrophic effects of leucine, namely, the way that this amino acid can restrain the up-regulation of MuRF1 and Mafbx/Atrogin-1 in muscle atrophy. Male rats received dietary leucine supplementation for 1-3 days, during which time their hind limbs were immobilized. Our results showed that leucine inhibited Forkhead Box O3 (FoxO3a) translocation to cell nuclei. In addition, leucine was able to reverse the expected reduction of FoXO3a ubiquitination caused by immobilization. Unexpectedly, leucine promoted these effects independently of the Class I PI3K/Akt pathway. Vacuolar protein sorting 34 (VPS34; a Class III PI3K) was strongly localized in nuclei after immobilization and leucine supplementation was able to prevent this effect. In experiments on cultured primary myotubes, dexamethasone led to the localization of VPS34 in the nucleus. In addition, the pharmacological inhibition of VPS34 blocked VPS34 nuclear localization and impaired the protective effect of leucine upon myotube trophicity. Finally, the pharmacological inhibition of VPS34 in primary myotubes prevented the protective effects of leucine upon MuRF1 and Mafbx/Atrogin-1 gene expression. Autophagy-related target genes were not responsive to leucine. Thus, we demonstrate that the anti-atrophic effect of leucine is dependent upon FoxO3a suppression and VPS34 activity.
journal_name
Cell Tissue Resjournal_title
Cell and tissue researchauthors
Baptista IL,Silvestre JG,Silva WJ,Labeit S,Moriscot ASdoi
10.1007/s00441-017-2614-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-08-01 00:00:00pages
381-394issue
2eissn
0302-766Xissn
1432-0878pii
10.1007/s00441-017-2614-zjournal_volume
369pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The present immunocytochemical study concerns the distribution of four neuropeptides, FMRF-amide, vasotocin, leu-enkephalin and neurotensin, and of the bioamine serotonin in the plerocercoid larva of Diphyllobothrium dendriticum. Anti-FMRF-amide and vasotocin-reactivity occurs in perikarya and nerve fibres in the CNS ...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00222332
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a recently discovered isoform of cyclooxygenase that is inducible by various types of inflammatory stimuli. Although this enzyme is considered to play a major role in inflammation processes by catalyzing the production of prostaglandins, the precise location, distribution, and regulation of...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004410000296
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lobula descending neuron (LDN) of dipterous insects is a unique nerve cell (one on each side of the brain) that projects directly from the lobula complex of the optic lobes to neuropil in thoracic ganglia. In the supraoesophageal ganglia the LDN has two prominent groups of branches of which at least one is dendrit...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00218365
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), which stimulates ecdysteroid synthesis in the prothoracic glands, is produced, in the dorso-lateral protocerebrum of Manduca sexta, by paired peptidergic neurons, the lateral neurosecretory cell group III (L-NSC III). Our study revealed ultrastructural features of L-NSC III, iden...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00303082
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tanycytes in the median eminence (ME) of the rat exhibit morphological features suggesting their possible participation in transport phenomena. After adrenalectomy, which modifies the hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis, they undergo morphological changes characterized by an accumulation of lipid droplets, an increased numbe...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00215708
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In humans, pathogenesis in cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth (GO) includes the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents, viz., collagen type-1 and type-3 and proteoglycans, in subgingival connective tissue. However, whether this increase is associated with alterations of molecules pivotal...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00441-006-0200-x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spermatozoa from the cauda epididymidis of gossypol-treated rats exhibit distinctive departures from the morphology of spermatozoa from control rats: wrinkled and disorganized cell membrane in the head and tail regions, cell membrane missing from segments of the tail midpiece and principal piece regions, malformed hea...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00210003
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution and ultrastructure of the mitochondria-rich (MR) cells in the gills of larval (ammocoetes) and adult lampreys (Petromyzon marinus and Geotria australis) have been studied. One type of MR cell, which is found only in ammocoetes, occurs in groups on and between gill lamellae. Freeze-fracture replicas sh...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004410051003
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoblasts are specialized mesenchyme-derived cells accountable for bone synthesis, remodelling and healing. Differentiation of osteoblasts from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) towards osteocytes is a multi-step process strictly controlled by various genes, transcription factors and signalling proteins. The aim of this ...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00441-013-1750-3
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poreless sensilla (np-sensilla) on the antennae of 18 species from 9 insect orders, and on the maxillary palps of Periplaneta americana were investigated using chemo- and cryofixation. The number of np-sensilla is low. Common features of these sensilla are: (a) the presence of a peg, (b) the lack of pores that lead to...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00213769
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We chose synaptic terminals of rat rod bipolar cells as a model system to study activity-related changes in the overall morphology and the fine structure of synaptic sites. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy in conjunction with three-dimensional reconstruction and electron microscopy, we examined the effect of l...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004410051174
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mole has a single pair of accessory sex organs with features of both the prostate and the seminal vesicle, for which the term prostate gland is not appropriate. Seasonal changes occuring in this gland were related to four periods: a) the quiescence period, b) the maturation period, c) the active period and d) the ...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00218718
更新日期：1976-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibodies to smooth muscle and non-muscle myosin allow the development of smooth muscle and its capillary system in the embryonic chicken gizzard to be followed by immunofluorescent techniques. Although smooth muscle development proceeds in a serosal to luminal direction, angiogenetic cell clusters develop independen...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00306123
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histological characterization of spinal fusions in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) has demonstrated shape alterations of vertebral body endplates, a reduced intervertebral space, and replacement of intervertebral cells by ectopic bone. However, the significance of the notochord during the fusion process has not been add...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00441-010-1069-2
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The retinal projections were studied in the black piranha (Serrasalmus niger) with degeneration and autoradiographic methods. The projections are bilateral to the hypothalamic optic nucleus, the dorsomedial optic nucleus, corpus geniculatum ipsum of Meader (1934) and the optic tectum. Unilateral, crossed projections w...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237893
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prolactin-producing cells are the first hormone-producing cells of the pars distalis to be differentiated within Ambystoma gracile. They first appear when the larvae attain a length of approximately 3.0 cm snout to vent length (SVL). Thyrotropes are observed as the next chromophilic cells to appear, and they occur...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00223121
更新日期：1978-05-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Galanin immunoreactivity was observed in nerve cell bodies and nerve fibres, but not in enteroendocrine cells, in the small intestine of the guinea-pig. Nerve terminals were found in the myenteric plexus, in the circular muscle, in submucous ganglia, around submucous arterioles, and in the mucosa. Lesion studies showe...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00218954
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colitis is associated with alterations in electrolyte and water transport. These changes give rise to some of the symptoms experienced by patients with colitis. Alterations in fluid flux may also contribute to increased susceptibility to mucosal injury. Recently, endogenous water channel proteins (aquaporins; AQPs), h...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00441-004-0932-4
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelins (ET) are a family of vasoactive peptides that act via two subtypes of receptors, named ETA and ETB. ET-1 binds to both ETA and ETB, whereas the isopeptide ET-3 preferentially binds to ETB. The localization of ETA and ETB receptors in the rat adrenal gland and their involvement in the adrenal secretagogue e...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004410050820
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative studies on the population of the gonadotropic cells in the pituitary of adult male rats were performed after trypsic dissociation of the pituitary glands and immunoenzymatic staining with anti-beta-LH or anti-beta-FSH antisera. Number, area and extinction of labelled cells were measured by use of an image...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00217273
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence suggests that the sympathetic nervous system modulates inflammatory responses and bone remodeling. We have studied the effects of sympathectomy and orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) on root resorption, immunocompetent cell recruitment, neuropeptide, neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1-R), and interleukin 6...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00441-003-0753-x
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fine structure and primary sensory projections of sensilla located in the labial-palp pit organ of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Insecta, Lepidoptera) are investigated by scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The pit organ located on th...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00441-013-1657-z
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the function and effects of many growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules have been described for several periodontal tissues in vivo and in vitro, the molecular interactions involved in the communication between cells of the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone are poorly understood. To ...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00441-004-1026-z
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A tissue-engineered heart valve can be an alternative to a prosthetic valve in heart valve replacement; however, it is not fully efficient in terms of long-lasting functionality, as leaflets in engineered valves do not possess the trilayered native leaflet structure. Previously, we developed a flat, trilayered, orient...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00441-020-03241-6
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, the growth regulating system consists of (1) about 200 neuroendocrine light green cells, located in four clusters in the cerebral ganglia, and (2) the paired canopy cells, located in the lateral lobes. These cells express genes encoding the molluscan insulin-related peptides (MIPs)...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00384739
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The treatment of isolated protoplasmic strands of Physarum polycephalum with 2.5% ethanol in a physiological salt solution under isometric conditions induces the formation of a large amount of mostly longitudinally organized actomyosin fibrils in the endoplasmic channel, a region normally free of actomyosin fibrils. T...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00218017
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In adrenalectomized rats the influence of salt loading or salt deprivation on the vasopressin and oxytocin content of the median eminence (ME) and the neural lobe (NL) was studied by means of various methods: morphometric and microphotometric analysis of aldehyde fuchsin-stained sections of ME and NL; immunohistochemi...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00215904
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the binding characteristics of two monoclonal antibodies, 4F3 and 3F8, which in the retina specifically stain Müller cells, both with protein blots and immunohistochemically in sections of various regions of the central nervous system of neonatal and adult cats and rats. Clear differences emerged betwe...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004410050887
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To further evaluate the role of autonomic ganglia in the regulation of pelvic visceral activity, the neural elements in the major pelvic ganglion of the male rat have been studied with histochemixal and electron microscopic techniques. The principal findings are that the ganglion is composed of cholinergic and adrener...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00231994
更新日期：1975-05-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The pineal gland structure and ultrastructure in the Northern (Blarina brevicauda) and Southern short-tailed shrew (Blarina carolinensis) are described by light and electron microscopy. Results observed were similar to other mammals of Insectivora described previously, specifically, the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) ...
journal_title：Cell and tissue research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00441-018-2897-8
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
