Abstract:
:Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been demonstrated as effective radiosensitizing agents in a range of preclinical models using broad field sources of various energies. This study aimed to distinguish between these mechanisms by applying subcellular targeting using a soft X-ray microbeam in combination with GNPs. DNA damage and repair kinetics were determined following nuclear and cytoplasmic irradiation using a soft X-ray (carbon K-shell, 278 eV) microbeam in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and AG01522 fibroblast cells with and without GNPs. To investigate the mechanism of the GNP induced radiosensitization, GNP-induced mitochondrial depolarisation was quantified by TMRE staining, and levels of DNA damage were compared in cells with depolarised and functional mitochondria. Differential effects were observed following radiation exposure between the two cell lines. These findings were validated 24 hours after removal of GNPs by flow cytometry analysis of mitochondrial depolarisation. This study provides further evidence that GNP radiosensitisation is mediated by mitochondrial function and it is the first report applying a soft X-ray microbeam to study the radiobiological effects of GNPs to enable the separation of physical and biological effects.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Ghita M,McMahon SJ,Taggart LE,Butterworth KT,Schettino G,Prise KMdoi
10.1038/srep44752subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-16 00:00:00pages
44752issn
2045-2322pii
srep44752journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Drug addiction is a long-lasting disease characterized by compulsive drug intake mediated in part by neuronal and biological adaptations in key brain areas, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc). While we previously demonstrated involvement of the activin 2a receptor in drug taking, the role of its ligand, activin A, in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep43658
更新日期:2017-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional radiomics models mainly rely on explicitly-designed handcrafted features from medical images. This paper aimed to investigate if deep features extracted via transfer learning can generate radiomics signatures for prediction of overall survival (OS) in patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). This study...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10649-8
更新日期:2017-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::We report the detection of genomic signatures of giant viruses (GVs) in the metagenomes of three environment samples from Mumbai, India, namely, a pre-filter of a household water purifier, a sludge sample from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), and a drying bed sample of the same WWTP. The de novo assembled contigs of...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-40171-y
更新日期:2019-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::Uveitis, the pathologic condition of inflammation of the uvea, frequently leads to severe vision loss and blindness. S100A8 is a calcium-binding protein which mainly expresses in granulocytes and monocytes and plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. Here, we determined t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep36140
更新日期:2016-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Heteroplasmy is the existence of more than one mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variant within a cell. The evolutionary mechanisms of heteroplasmy are not fully understood, despite being a very common phenomenon. Here we combined heteroplasmy measurements using high throughput sequencing on green turtles (Chelonia mydas) wit...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56918-6
更新日期:2020-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane surrounded structures released by cells, which have been increasingly recognized as mediators of intercellular communication. Recent reports indicate that EVs participate in important biological processes and could serve as potential source for cancer biomarkers. As an attract...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep24669
更新日期:2016-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Food and beverage consumption has a great impact on the environment, although there is a lack of information concerning the whole diet. The environmental impact of 153 Italian adults (51 omnivores, 51 ovo-lacto-vegetarians, 51 vegans) and the inter-individual variability within dietary groups were assessed in a real-l...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06466-8
更新日期:2017-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::The end-Triassic is characterized by one of the largest mass extinctions in the Phanerozoic, coinciding with major carbon cycle perturbations and global warming. It has been suggested that the environmental crisis is linked to widespread sill intrusions during magmatism associated with the Central Atlantic Magmatic Pr...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-18629-8
更新日期:2018-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::EEG is known to contain considerable inter-trial and inter-subject variability, which poses a challenge in any group-level EEG analyses. A true experimental effect must be reproducible even with variabilities in trials, sessions, and subjects. Extracting components that are reproducible across trials and subjects bene...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56962-2
更新日期:2020-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, the synergistic effect on the corrosion protection properties of Mg alloys subjected to plasma electrolytic oxidation and chemically treated with thiourea as an inhibitor is investigated by surface microstructure analysis, evaluation of the electrochemical performance, and chemical quantum calcul...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29299-5
更新日期:2018-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Biochemical remission after transsphenoidal surgery is still unsatisfied in acromegaly patients with macroadenomas, especially with invasive macroadenomas. Concerning the impact of preoperative somatostatin analogues (SSAs) on surgical outcomes, previous studies with limited cases reported conflicting results. To asse...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50639-6
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian Target of Rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) nutrient-sensing pathway is a central regulator of cell growth and metabolism and is dysregulated in diabetes. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (EIF-4E) protein, a key regulator of gene translation and protein function, is controlled by mTORC1 and EIF...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71987-8
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Atmospheric nitrogen (N) dry deposition is an important component in total N deposition. However, uncertainty exists in the assessment of global dry deposition. Here, we develop empirical models for estimating ground N concentrations using NO2 satellite measurements from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and groun...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep19810
更新日期:2016-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Early brain development requires a tight orchestration between neural tube patterning and growth. How pattern formation and brain growth are coordinated is incompletely understood. Previously we showed that aristaless-related homeobox (ARX), a paired-like transcription factor, regulates cortical progenitor pool expans...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36194-6
更新日期:2019-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Haemoparasites are responsible for some of the most prevalent and debilitating canine illnesses across the globe, whilst also posing a significant zoonotic risk to humankind. Nowhere are the effects of such parasites more pronounced than in developing countries in the tropics where the abundance and diversity of ectop...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49118-9
更新日期:2019-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Taste is a vital sensation for vertebrates, enabling the detection of nutritionally important substances or potential toxins. A heteromeric complex of two class C GPCRs, T1R1 and T1R3, was identified as the umami (savory) taste receptor. Amino acids and 5'-ribonucleotides are well known to be natural ligands for human...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30315-x
更新日期:2018-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) is a primate species, which belongs to the Old World monkey (Cercopithecidae) family. It is closely related to human, serving as a model for human health related research. However, the genetic studies on and genomic resources of mandrill are limited, especially in comparison to other prima...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59110-3
更新日期:2020-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Bone is a dynamic organ continuously undergoing shaping, repairing and remodeling. The homeostasis of bone is maintained by the balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Osteoclasts (OCs) are specialized multinucleated cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or monocytes/...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep21499
更新日期:2016-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::To master linguistic communication, humans must acquire large vocabularies quickly and effortlessly. Efficient word learning might be facilitated by the ability to rapidly acquire novel word forms even outside the focus of attention, occurring within minutes of repetitive exposure and suggesting fast and automatic lex...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34029-y
更新日期:2018-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::Cholestasis impairs liver regeneration following partial liver resection (PHx). Bile acid receptor farnesoid X-receptor (FXR) is a key mediator of liver regeneration. The effects of FXR agonist obeticholic acid (OCA) on liver (re)growth were therefore studied in cholestatic rats. Animals underwent sham surgery or reve...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33070-1
更新日期:2018-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::The TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion is one of a series of highly promising prostate cancer (PCa) biomarker alternatives to the controversial serum PSA. Current methods for detecting TMPRSS2:ERG are limited in terms of long processing time, high cost and the need for specialized equipment. Thus, there is an unmet need for less...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep30722
更新日期:2016-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::Power induced wave collapse is one of the most fascinating phenomena in optics as it provides extremely high intensities, thus stimulating a range of nonlinear processes. For low power levels, propagation of beams in bulk media is dominated by diffraction, while above a certain threshold self-focusing is steadily enha...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46060-8
更新日期:2019-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a crucial and physiological process for cell survival from yeast to mammals, including protozoan parasites. Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular parasite, typically exploits autophagic machinery of host cell; however host cell upregulates autophagy to combat the infection. Herein we tested the efficacy of ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01525-6
更新日期:2017-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Onychomycosis (OM) is a common nail disease. Although controversial, vascular diseases are considered independent predictors of OM and vice versa. Sequential pattern mining (SPM) has not been previously used for statistical analysis in dermatology, but it is an efficient method for identifying frequent association rul...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35909-z
更新日期:2018-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::With the increasing amount of research work in surface studies, a more effective method of producing patterned microstructures is highly desired due to the geometric limitations and complex fabricating process of current techniques. This paper presents an efficient and cost-effective method to generate customizable mi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep21621
更新日期:2016-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::Nanotips made of metal and semiconductor have been widely utilized in versatile applications to strengthen the electric field through lightning rod effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Here, we present the utilization of ferroelectric nanotips to assist photoreduction of silver nanostructures ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47523-8
更新日期:2019-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::EndMT has an important effect on metastasis and progression of tumor. This work will elucidate the effect of miR-494 on EndMT and development of HCC. Therefore, the differential miRNA expression among non-tumorous, para-tumorous and tumorous tissues was analyzed. Moreover, luciferase activities of SIRT3 3'UTR treated ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43731-4
更新日期:2019-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to develop a brief, preclinical test to screen the reduced hippocampal volume that is a marker of early dementia [Cognitive Quotient (CQ) test]. We performed an observational study of adult subjects who underwent brain MRI in seven institutions from February 2018 to May 2019. The CQ test consists of five comp...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74019-7
更新日期:2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::When we feel sad or depressed, our face invariably "drops". Conversely, when we try to cheer someone up, we might tell them "keep your smile up", so presupposing that modifying the configuration of their facial muscles will enhance their mood. A crucial assumption that underpins this hypothesis is that mental states a...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48275-1
更新日期:2019-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::Amyloids are highly organized fibril aggregates arise from inappropriately folded form of the protein or polypeptide precursors under both physiological as well as simulated ambience. Amyloid synthesis is a multistep process that involves formation of several metastable intermediates. Among various intermediate specie...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35645-4
更新日期:2018-11-23 00:00:00