Abstract：
:Microglia constitute the resident immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system. Although much work has focused on their ability to mount an inflammatory response in reaction to pathology, recent studies have delved into their role in maintaining homeostasis in the healthy brain. It is important to note that the function of these cells is more complex than originally conceived, as there is increasing evidence that microglial responses can vary greatly among individuals. Here, this review will describe the changing behavior of microglia from development and birth through to the aged brain. Further, it is not only age that impacts the state of the neuroimmune milieu, as microglia have been shown to play a central role in the sexual differentiation of the brain. Finally, this review will discuss the implications this has for the differences in the incidence of neurodegenerative disorders between males and females, and between the young and old.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Nissen JCdoi
10.3390/ijms18030561subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-04 00:00:00issue
3issn
1422-0067pii
ijms18030561journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death globally and responsible for the second highest number of deaths in Canada. Medical advancements in the treatment of CVD have led to patients living longer with CVD but often progressing to another condition called heart failure (HF). As a result, HF has emerged ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20040904
更新日期：2019-02-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The dysfunction of astrocytic inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) 4.1 channels, which mediate the spatial potassium-buffering function of astrocytes, is known to be involved in the development of epilepsy. Here, we analyzed the Kir4.1 expressional changes in Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 (Lgi1) mutant rats, which ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20051013
更新日期：2019-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysin-motif receptor-like kinase PsK1 is involved in symbiosis initiation and the maintenance of infection thread (IT) growth and bacterial release in pea. We verified PsK1 specificity in relation to the Nod factor structure using k1 and rhizobial mutants. Inoculation with nodO and nodE nodO mutants significantly redu...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20071624
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein aggregation into insoluble amyloid fibrils is the hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, chief among them Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Although caused by different proteins, these pathologies share some basic molecular mechanisms with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), a rare hereditary neurop...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17091428
更新日期：2016-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:The core of micelles self-assembled from amphiphiles is hydrophobic and contains little water, whereas complex coacervate core micelles co-assembled from oppositely charged hydrophilic polymers have a hydrophilic core with a high water content. Co-assembly of ionic surfactants with ionic-neutral copolymers yields surf...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms22010337
更新日期：2020-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycosyltransferases that use polyisoprenol-linked donor substrates are categorized in the GT-C superfamily. In eukaryotes, they act in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen and are involved in N-glycosylation, glypiation, O-mannosylation, and C-mannosylation of proteins. We generated a membrane topology model of C-man...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20194842
更新日期：2019-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Dietary zinc deficiency increases glucocorticoid secretion from the adrenal cortex via enhanced hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity and induces neuropsychological symptoms, i.e., behavioral abnormality. Behavioral abnormality is due to the increase in glucocorticoid secretion rather than disturban...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17071149
更新日期：2016-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Acipenseriformes are composed of 25 sturgeon species and two paddlefish species distributed exclusively in the northern hemisphere. The Danube River and the Black Sea were originally inhabited by six sturgeon species but two are extinct and only four are still reproducing currently in the Lower Danube: Huso huso, Acip...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12106796
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite advances in diagnosis and new treatments such as targeted therapies, breast cancer (BC) is still the most prevalent tumor in women worldwide and the leading cause of death. The principal obstacle for successful BC treatment is the acquired or de novo resistance of the tumors to the systemic therapy (chemothera...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18061182
更新日期：2017-06-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern strategies in adipose tissue engineering (ATE) take advantage of the easy harvest, abundance and differentiation potential towards mesenchymal lineages of hADSCs. The controlled conversion of hADSCs to committed adipogenic precursors and further mature adipocytes formation is important for good long-term result...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms131215881
更新日期：2012-11-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is asymptomatic and a well-known "silent killer", which can cause various concomitant diseases in human population after years of adherence. Although there are varieties of synthetic antihypertensive drugs available in current market, their relatively low efficacies and major application in only single dr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19010120
更新日期：2018-01-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Multifactorial metabolic diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, are a major burden to modern societies, and frequently present with no clearly defined molecular biomarkers. Herein we used system medicine approaches to decipher signatures of liver fibrosis in mouse models with malfunction in genes from un...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms22020832
更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:After maize seedlings grown in full-strength Hoagland solution for 20 days were exposed to 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG)-stimulated water deficiency for two days, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weights, and pigment contents significantly decreased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content greatly increased. Using tran...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms160921606
更新日期：2015-09-08 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding post-transcriptional gene regulators. In mammalian cells, mature miRNAs are produced from primary precursors (pri-miRNAs) using canonical protein machinery, which includes Drosha/DGCR8 and Dicer, or the non-canonical mirtron pathway. In plant cells, mature miRNAs are excised fr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19124075
更新日期：2018-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The complex cross-talk between tumor cells and their surrounding stromal environment plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cancer. Among several cell types that constitute the tumor stroma, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) selectively migrate toward the tumor microenvironment and contribute to th...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17071102
更新日期：2016-07-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP1) is a nuclear protein implicated in DNA repair, recombination, replication, and chromatin remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible differences between PARP1(-/-) and wild-type mice regarding induction and repair of DNA lesions in irradiated male germ cells. Comet a...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms140918078
更新日期：2013-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Adsorption of precious metals in acidic aqueous solutions using thiourea modified magnetic magnetite nanoparticle (MNP-Tu) was examined. The MNP-Tu was synthesized, characterized and examined as a reusable adsorbent for the recovery of precious metals. The adsorption kinetics were well fitted with pseudo second-order e...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14059834
更新日期：2013-05-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 is an endosomal receptor recognizing bacterial DNA/CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN). Blocking CpG ODN/TLR9 activity represents a strategy for therapeutic prevention of immune system overactivation. Herein, we report that a synthetic peptide (SP) representing the leucine-rich re...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17020242
更新日期：2016-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Stable five-coordinate Pt(II) complexes have been highlighted as a promising and original platform for the development of new cytotoxic drugs. Their interaction with proteins has been scarcely studied. Here, the reactivity of the five-coordinate Pt(II) compound [Pt(I)(Me) (dmphen)(olefin)] (Me = methyl, dmphen = 2,9-d...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20030520
更新日期：2019-01-26 00:00:00
abstract：:CDK5RAP3 was regarded as the most significant regulator of cellular responses against heat stress, which is associated with dysfunctions of the immune system and animal susceptibility to disease. Despite this, little known about how CDK5RAP3 regulates heat stress response. In this study, CDK5RAP3 conditional Knockout ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21218400
更新日期：2020-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Phytoalexins are antimicrobial substances of low molecular weight produced by plants in response to infection or stress, which form part of their active defense mechanisms. Starting in the 1950's, research on phytoalexins has begun with biochemistry and bio-organic chemistry, resulting in the determination of their st...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms140714136
更新日期：2013-07-08 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently isolated stem cells derived from the brain of a bovine fetus, utilizing a particular mechanical separation method. After improving our experimental conditions, we obtained neural stem cells using an optimized culture medium system. The cells were expanded, established in continuous cell culture and used fo...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms16035990
更新日期：2015-03-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular etiology of thyroid cancers has been widely studied, and several molecular alterations have been identified mainly associated with follicular and papillary histotypes. However, the molecular bases of the complex pathogenesis of thyroid carcinomas remain poorly understood. HOX genes regulate normal embryonic ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms141121727
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ectophosphatases are surface membrane-bound proteins whose active sites face the extracellular medium. These enzymes have been reported in several microorganisms including a large number of medically relevant fungal species. An effective technique for identifying ectophosphatases is performing phosphatase activity ass...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms15022289
更新日期：2014-02-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Wound healing is an important process in the human body to protect against external threats. A dysregulation at any stage of the wound healing process may result in the development of various intractable ulcers or excessive scar formation. Numerous factors such as growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines are involved...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21228435
更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Aurora kinases have emerged as attractive targets for the design of anticancer drugs. 3D-QSAR (comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA)) and Surflex-docking studies were performed on a series of pyrrole-indoline-2-ones as Aurora A inhibitors. The CoMFA...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12031605
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing evidence suggests that the metal homeostasis is involved in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases including senile type of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and vascular dementia. In particular, synaptic Zn2+ is known to play critical roles in the pathogenesis...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21072570
更新日期：2020-04-07 00:00:00
abstract：:A detailed understanding of the mechanism of unfolding, aggregation, and associated rheological changes is developed in this study for β-Lactoglobulin at different pH values through concomitant measurements utilizing dynamic light scattering (DLS), optical microrheology, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning c...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms160817719
更新日期：2015-08-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes is associated with a two to three-fold increase in risk of cardiovascular disease. However, intensive glucose-lowering therapy aiming at reducing HbA1c to a near-normal level failed to suppress cardiovascular events in recent randomized controlled trials. HbA1c reflects average glucose level rather than glyce...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms151018381
更新日期：2014-10-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Gender affects cancer susceptibility. Currently, there are only a few studies on Y chromosome-linked long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and the potential association between lncRNAs and cancers in males has not been fully elucidated. Here, we examined the expression of testis-specific transcript Y-linked 15 (TTTY15) in 37...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20143473
更新日期：2019-07-15 00:00:00
