Abstract：
:Ocular sympathetic nerves were stimulated chronically in awake rabbits using electrodes unilaterally implanted on the cervical sympathetic trunk. IOP was measured by pneumatonometry and aqueous inflow was measured by fluorophotometry. In each animal, continuous trains of 1 msec pulses were delivered by means of a portable electrical stimulator. Experiments were spaced by 1 week recovery periods. Stimulation was varied over a range of amplitudes (5-15 V) and frequencies (3-12 Hz). Continuous sympathetic stimulation produced an immediate sharp decrease in IOP followed by a gradual rise to pre-stimulation values which were attained 60-90 min after onset. A rebound increase in IOP occurred when stimulation was terminated. The magnitude of the initial IOP drop, the delay in the return to pre-stimulation IOP, and the rebound rise in IOP subsequent to termination of electrical stimulation were proportional to the stimulation frequency. Maximal effects were observed at 12 Hz, and stimulation with 8-10 Hz for 180 min caused a sustained reduction in anterior chamber aqueous humor flow. Topical 2% phentolamine 1 hr before stimulation markedly reduced IOP and abolished the acute IOP changes observed in untreated stimulated animals. Topical 1% timolol did not affect either the initial IOP drop or the rebound; however, the IOP recovered during stimulation to values greater than pre-stimulation IOP. We conclude that in rabbits the beta-adrenergic effect of prolonged sympathetic nerve stimulation is to decrease aqueous flow. Chronic electrical stimulation in awake animals provides an experimental model for studying the role of the ocular sympathetic nerves.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Belmonte C,Bartels SP,Liu JH,Neufeld AHsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-10-01 00:00:00pages
1649-54issue
10eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The amount of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) produced in the cells adjacent to excimer laser ablations in the cornea was compared for 193-nm and 248-nm laser wavelengths. UDS is interpreted to indicate the process of excision repair of pyrimidine dimers formed in DNA. 193-nm laser ablation did not produce a statistic...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:Geographic atrophy (GA) is the late stage of non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration. A lack of animal models for GA has hampered treatment efforts. Presented herein is a rat model for GA using subretinal injection of sodium iodate (NaIO3). Methods:Rats were given subretinal injections of NaIO3 (5 μg/...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.18-24245
更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the prevalence, incidence, and progression of myopia of Chinese children in Hong Kong. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was initially conducted. A longitudinal follow-up study was then conducted 12 months later. RESULTS:A total of 7560 children of mean age 9.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 9.1...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.03-1151
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ocular adenoviral infections occur worldwide, and currently, there is no ocular animal model for evaluating new antivirals or studying pathogenesis. With a paired-eye design, an ocular model was developed in 32 New Zealand rabbits following topical and intrastromal inoculation with a clinical isolate of adenovirus typ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A monoclonal antibody, 4G10.3, was developed that preferentially binds limbal basal cells in adult rat, rabbit, and human corneas. These cells were hypothesized to be the stem cells for the corneal epithelium. The antibody 4G10.3 was localized by immunofluorescence microscopy in rats 1 d and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 6 wk ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We examined if light induces changes in the retinal structure that can be observed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS:Normal C57BL/6J mice (age 3-6 months) adapted to either room light (15 minutes to ∼5 hours, 50-500 lux) or darkness (overnight) were imaged using a Bioptigen UHR-OCT system. Conf...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-18539
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extraocular muscle represents a distinctive class among mammalian skeletal musculature in exhibiting the full range of muscle fiber type variability found in vertebrate species. To better understand the basis for the unique structural/functional diversity of extraocular muscle, the ontogeny of lateral rectus muscles w...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine whether changes in the retinal blood flow in light and darkness occur in humans. METHODS; The systolic and diastolic flow velocities were measured by color Doppler in the ophthalmic and the central retinal arteries in 12 healthy individuals in light and darkness. RESULTS:In the ophthalmic artery t...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Age-related nuclear cataracts involve denaturation and aggregation of intracellular proteins. We have documented age-dependent changes in membrane transport in the mouse lens to see what might initiate changes in the intracellular milieu. METHODS:Microelectrode-based intracellular impedance studies of intact l...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.13-12593
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Metabolism and transport of cysteine are critical for maintenance of the intracellular glutathione (GSH) level. In this study, transport mechanisms of L-cystine and regulation of GSH biosynthesis in the absence or presence of NO-induced oxidant stress were investigated in primary cultured rabbit conjunctival ep...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.02-0409
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Increased stromal accumulation of macrophages and submucosal fibrosis due to excessive accumulation of collagens are central histologic features in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP). Interleukin (IL)-4 plays an important role in both the inflammatory and fibrotic events in several human and experimental disea...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.02-1084
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To quantify the spatial and temporal nature of congenital periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) and to test the hypothesis that PAN results from a temporal shift in the null zone. METHODS:Twenty-five subjects with oculocutaneous albinism (16 tyrosinase negative and 9 tyrosinase positive) and 7 with ocular albin...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To examine the early glial reactivity and neuron damage in response to short-term cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFp) reduction, as compared with intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. Methods:The experiment included 54 male Sprague-Dawley rats with elevated translaminar cribrosa pressure difference (TLPD), def...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.17-22232
更新日期：2018-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To test the hypothesis that human choroidal blood flow (ChBF) may depend, not only on ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), but also on absolute mean arterial pressure (MAP) and intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS:There were two study days in an open design. On the first day, OPP was varied by elevating IOP during ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.07-0307
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the expression and localization of the neuroplastins (np), two synapse-enriched members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of cell-adhesion molecules, in the developing and adult retina and optic nerve. METHODS:Expressions of the two isoforms np55 and np65 and carboxyl-terminal splice variants w...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Oxidative stress and metabolic dysregulation of the RPE have been implicated in AMD; however, the molecular regulation of RPE metabolism remains unclear. The transcriptional coactivator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a powerful mediator of mitochondrial function. Th...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-17758
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To assess clinical characteristics, foveal structure, mutation spectrum, and prevalence rate of Åland eye disease (AED)/incomplete congenital stationary night blindness (iCSNB). Methods:A retrospective survey included individuals diagnosed with AED at a national low-vision center from 1980 to 2014. A subset of...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-19445
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To image and analyze anatomical differences at the temporal raphe between normal and glaucomatous eyes using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to relate these differences to visual field measurements. METHODS:Nine glaucomatous eyes of 9 patients (...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-16730
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To evaluate the potential of lactoferrin (Lf) as a diagnostic biomarker for ocular diseases using a meta-analytic approach. Methods:All original studies reporting an estimate of the average Lf concentration in healthy subjects and those affected by ocular diseases were searched up to March 2020. The DerSimonia...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.61.12.9
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:High myopia (HM) is defined as a refractive error worse than -6.00 diopter (D). This study aims to update the phenotypic and genotypic landscape of nonsyndromic HM and to establish a biological link between the phenotypic traits and genetic deficiencies. Methods:A cross-sectional study involving 731 participan...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.19-27921
更新日期：2019-09-03 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare macular pigment optical density (MPOD) in type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic patients by using dual-wavelength autofluorescence imaging and to investigate the correlation of MPOD with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and serum lipid levels. METHODS:Forty-three patients were divided into groups 1 (contro...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-4695
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine whether corneal acidosis, which occurs during contact lens wear, alters corneal O2 consumption (QO2) and if so, whether increased ion transport activity could contribute to altered QO2 during acidosis. METHODS:PO2 was measured, using the phosphorescence quenching of Pd-meso-tetra-(4-carboxyphenyl)...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To compare the capability of the lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) and lamina cribrosa (LC) curvature in discriminating between eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and healthy eyes. Methods:Seventy-seven eyes of 77 patients with POAG and 77 eyes of 77 healthy subjects who were matched for age, sex, and axia...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-20802
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cellular and subcellular distribution of S-100 protein was investigated at the ultrastructural level in the rat retina by the immunocytochemical PAP method. S-100 appeared to be localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of Müller cells, offering conclusive evidence that in the mammalian retina, the protein is confine...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:PURPOSE. To evaluate the shape of the posterior corneal surface in eyes with normal myopia or myopic astigmatism and the changes after LASIK and epi-LASIK. METHODS. A total of 152 eyes were included in the study. The posterior corneal elevation was measured with Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam; Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany)...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-4811
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Bacillus cereus causes one of the most rapidly blinding forms of bacterial endophthalmitis. Migration of B. cereus throughout the eye during endophthalmitis is a unique aspect of this disease that may contribute to intraocular virulence. This study was conducted to analyze the contribution of swarming and intra...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0301
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether myopia is present in a breed of domestic dog, the Labrador retriever, and how the ocular components are related to refractive error in this breed. METHODS:Cycloplegic refractive error was measured in 75 Labrador retrievers by retinoscopy. Corneal and crystalline lens radii of curvature w...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the expression of humanin (HN) in human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells and its effect on oxidative stress-induced cell death, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and senescence. METHODS:Humanin localization in RPE cells and polarized RPE monolayers was assessed by confocal microscopy. Human RP...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-17053
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Amblyopia is the commonest visual disorder of childhood. Yet the contributions of the two principal treatments (spectacle wear and occlusion) to outcome are unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate the dose-response relationship of amblyopia therapy. METHODS:The study comprised three distinct phases: ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-0250
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the contribution that fixation errors make to the overall variability of perimetric responses in patients with glaucoma. METHODS:Frequency of seeing curves were established, with and without fixation error correction, at two locations in each of 14 patients with glaucoma and good visual acuity. One...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
