Abstract：
:The black rhinoceros is again on the verge of extinction due to unsustainable poaching in its native range. Despite a wide historic distribution, the black rhinoceros was traditionally thought of as depauperate in genetic variation, and with very little known about its evolutionary history. This knowledge gap has hampered conservation efforts because hunting has dramatically reduced the species' once continuous distribution, leaving five surviving gene pools of unknown genetic affinity. Here we examined the range-wide genetic structure of historic and modern populations using the largest and most geographically representative sample of black rhinoceroses ever assembled. Using both mitochondrial and nuclear datasets, we described a staggering loss of 69% of the species' mitochondrial genetic variation, including the most ancestral lineages that are now absent from modern populations. Genetically unique populations in countries such as Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique, Malawi and Angola no longer exist. We found that the historic range of the West African subspecies (D. b. longipes), declared extinct in 2011, extends into southern Kenya, where a handful of individuals survive in the Masai Mara. We also identify conservation units that will help maintain evolutionary potential. Our results suggest a complete re-evaluation of current conservation management paradigms for the black rhinoceros.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Moodley Y,Russo IM,Dalton DL,Kotzé A,Muya S,Haubensak P,Bálint B,Munimanda GK,Deimel C,Setzer A,Dicks K,Herzig-Straschil B,Kalthoff DC,Siegismund HR,Robovský J,O'Donoghue P,Bruford MWdoi
10.1038/srep41417subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-02-08 00:00:00pages
41417issn
2045-2322pii
srep41417journal_volume
7pub_type
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