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Computed tomography-based prediction of the straight antegrade humeral nail's entry point and exposure of "critical types": truth or fiction?

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Straight antegrade intramedullary nailing of proximal humerus fractures has shown promising clinical results. However, up to 36% of all humeri seem to be "critical types" in terms of the potential violation of the supraspinatus (SSP) tendon footprint by the nail's insertion zone. The aims of this study were to evaluate if a computed tomography (CT) scan could reliably predict the nail's entry point on the humeral head and if it would be possible to preoperatively estimate the individual risk of iatrogenic violation of the SSP tendon footprint by evaluating the uninjured contralateral humerus. METHODS:Twenty matched pairs of human cadaveric shoulders underwent CT scans, and the entry point for an antegrade nail as well as measurements regarding critical distances between the entry point and the rotator cuff were determined. Next, gross anatomic measurements of the same data were performed and compared. Furthermore, specimens were reviewed for critical types. RESULTS:Overall, 42.5% of all specimens were found to be critical types. The CT measurements exhibited excellent intra-rater and inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients >0.90). Similarly, excellent agreement between the CT scan and gross anatomic measurements in contralateral shoulders (intraclass correlation coefficients >0.88) was found. CONCLUSION:Assessing the uninjured contralateral side, CT can reliably predict the entry point in antegrade humeral nailing and preoperatively identify critical types of humeral heads at risk of iatrogenic implantation damage to the SSP tendon footprint. This study may help surgeons in the decision-making processon which surgical technique should be used without putting the patient at risk for iatrogenic, implant-related damage to the rotator cuff.

journal_name

J Shoulder Elbow Surg

journal_title

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery

authors

Euler SA,Hengg C,Boos M,Dornan GJ,Turnbull TL,Wambacher M,Kralinger FS,Millett PJ,Petri M

doi

10.1016/j.jse.2016.10.021

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-05-01 00:00:00

pages

902-908

issue

eissn

1058-2746

issn

1532-6500

pii

S1058-2746(16)30566-3

journal_volume

pub_type

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Computed tomography-based prediction of the straight antegrade humeral nail's entry point and exposure of "critical types": truth or fiction?