Practical measures to reduce medical expert witness bias.

abstract：:Reducing amplicon sizes has become a major strategy for analyzing degraded DNA typical of forensic samples. However, amplicon sizes in current mini-short tandem repeat-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mini-sequencing assays are still not suitable for analysis of severely degraded DNA. In this study, we present a mu...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Zhang Z,Wang BJ,Guan HY,Pang H,Xuan JF

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report describes the identification of a merchant mariner who perished in 1948 when Northwest Airlines Flight 4422, a DC-4 carrying 24 seamen and six crew members crashed into Mount Sanford, Alaska. Fifty-one years later, a human forearm and hand were found close by the wreckage of the plane, prompting identifica...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Loreille OM,Parr RL,McGregor KA,Fitzpatrick CM,Lyon C,Yang DY,Speller CF,Grimm MR,Grimm MJ,Irwin JA,Robinson EM

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin detail of the hand is used in photographic comparisons, yet its reliability has not been evaluated. This study examines a count-based method for documenting skin features. In Part I, 14 individuals counted skin features on 40 color images of the hand, three of which were repeated. An average correlation value of ...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Malone CA,Salyards MJ,Hein M

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both clinicians and forensic practitioners should distinguish parental alienation (rejection of a parent without legitimate justification) from other reasons for contact refusal. Alienated children-who were not abused-often engage in splitting and lack ambivalence with respect to the rejected parent; children who were...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Bernet W,Gregory N,Reay KM,Rohner RP

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study describes the testing performed by the Minnesota Forensic Science Laboratory (MFSL) to validate the Amplitype DQA1 and Amplitype Polymarker (PM) PCR Amplification and Typing Kits before implementation for casework. All studies were based on the analysis of mock forensic case samples, which were assembled fr...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Gross AM,Guerrieri RA

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Improvements have been made in identifying the prevalence of risk factors/indicators for violent extremism. A consistent problem is the lack of base rates. How to develop base rates is of equal concern. This study has two aims: (i) compare two methods for developing base rates; the Unmatched Count Technique (UCT) and ...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Clemmow C,Schumann S,Salman NL,Gill P

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two human bodies were recovered from the waters of the Duluth, Minnesota harbor. Extensive adipocere formation resulted in remarkable preservation of gross anatomic features of internal organs. Total time of immersion could be precisely estimated at five years. Water temperature during those five years could also be a...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Cotton GE,Aufderheide AC,Goldschmidt VG

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When deaths occur in water, soft tissue decomposes after a temperature-dependent period, making DNA identification dependent on bone. This study examined the effects of water on bone DNA purity and quantity, and determined the best of three extraction methods for isolating DNA. The organic phenol-chloroform method con...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Cartozzo C,Singh B,Boone E,Simmons T

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current clandestine methodology for the manufacture of illicit cocaine hydrochloride utilizes microwave heating in order to dry the finished product. This study addresses the effects this step has on the occluded solvents present in newly prepared cocaine hydrochloride. Nine 1-kilogram-sized batches of cocaine hyd...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Morello DR,Casale JF,Stevenson ML,Klein RF

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The AmpFℓSTR(®) Identifiler(®) Direct PCR Amplification Kit is a new short tandem repeat multiplex assay optimized to allow the direct amplification of single-source blood and buccal samples on FTA(®) card without the need for sample purification and quantification. This multiplex assay has been validated according to...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Wang DY,Chang CW,Lagacé RE,Oldroyd NJ,Hennessy LK

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allele frequencies for six PCR-based loci and three protein-based (i.e., enzyme systems) loci were determined in a Caucasian sample population from New Jersey. The loci are LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, Gc, HLA-DQA1, PGM1, ESD, and EAP. All loci meet Hardy-Weinberg expectations. In addition, there is little evidence for ass...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Budowle B,Jankowski LB,Corey HW,Swec NT,Freck-Tootell S,Pino JA,Schwartz R,Kelley CA,Tarver ML

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conventional PCR-based genotyping is useful for forensic testing but cannot be used to determine parental origins of alleles in DNA specimens. Here we describe a novel method of combined conventional genotyping and PIA typing (parentally imprinted allele typing) at a minisatellite region upstream from the H19 locus. T...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Naito E,Dewa K,Fukuda M,Sumi H,Wakabayashi Y,Umetsu K,Yuasa I,Yamanouchi H

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol-related amnesia--alcohol blackout--is a common claim of criminal defendants. The generally held belief is that during an alcohol blackout, other cognitive functioning is severely impaired or absent. The presentation of alcohol blackout as scientific evidence in court requires that the science meets legal relia...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Pressman MR,Caudill DS

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discriminant functions designed for the determination of sex from metacarpal measurements are presented. Three samples of metacarpal specimens were employed in the analysis; one consisting of 212 individuals from the Terry Collection, one of 33 individuals from the Royal Free Medical School in London, and finally, 40 ...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Falsetti AB

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haptoglobin typing by vertical electrophoresis in a discontinuous polyacrylamide gel was conducted on 47 dog blood samples, of which 19 were from Doberman pinschers, 20 from German shepherds, and 8 from pit bullterriers. Two phenotypes were common in the three breeds and could not be used to differentiate between them...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Harrington J,Heaney H,McSweeney C,Quarino L,Schwartz T,Versoza J

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most fire departments respond within the first 5 min of notification of a fire. If fire victims are found at that stage by the firefighters, then incapacitation or death has occurred during the initial low-energy phase where smoke is being produced. Studies have shown that during this initial low-energy phase of the f...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Lowry WR,Peterson J,Petty CS,Badgett JL

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study has shown that the combination of simple techniques with the use of multivariate statistics offers the potential for the comparative analysis of soil samples. Five samples were obtained from each of twelve state parks across New Jersey in both the summer and fall seasons. Each sample was examined using part...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Bonetti J,Quarino L

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to having blast mitigation properties, aqueous foam concentrate AFC-380 blast suppression foam is designed to capture aerosolized chemical, biological, and radioactive particles during render-safe procedures of explosive devices. Exposure to aqueous environments and surfactants may negatively affect forens...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Monson KL,Kyllonen KM,Leggitt JL,Edmiston KE,Justus CR,Kavlick MF,Phillip M,Roberts MA,Shegogue CW,Watts GD

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper's objective is to describe two cases of fatal commotio cordis resulting from the deliberate striking of children's chests by adults with their fists. These deaths involve two male children, ages 3 years and 14 months. The clinical histories, events in the households prior to the deaths, behaviors of the chi...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Denton JS,Kalelkar MB

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary objective of this paper is to report on the successful implementation of forensic facial approximation in a real case in the forensic context. A three-dimensional (3D) facial approximation protocol of the skull was performed with free software, applying techniques in a virtual environment that have already...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Baldasso RP,Moraes C,Gallardo E,Stumvoll MB,Crespo KC,Strapasson RAP,de Oliveira RN

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple method using purge-and-trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (P&T-GC/MS) for forensic examination of oil stains was studied. Carboxylic acids, chosen as target components for discrimination of oil samples, were extracted from stains with ether, methyl esterified by tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and analy...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Ehara Y,Sakamoto K,Marumo Y

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The isolation, amplification, and characterization of human DNA from hematophagous (blood feeding) and necrophagous (carrion feeding) arthropods have been advanced significantly by the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA sequencing methodologies. Historically, DNA technology has been successfully utiliz...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： DiZinno JA,Lord WD,Collins-Morton MB,Wilson MR,Goff ML

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A death of an amateur SCUBA diver with undiagnosed late phase endomyocardial fibrosis is reported. This 27-year-old man found himself in difficulties during a Sub-Aqua Club outing and drowned. Autopsy revealed features of drowning in addition to severe endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) with collagenization of the left ven...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Obafunwa JO,Purdue B,Busuttil A

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is increasingly being used in forensic case analysis because of the large number of STR loci in the human genome and their highly polymorphic nature. An automated DNA sequencer using high sensitivity infrared (IR) fluorescence technology was used to detect STR allele patterns from si...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Roy R,Steffens DL,Gartside B,Jang GY,Brumbaugh JA

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The American alligator inhabits bodies of fresh water in Florida and other southeastern states. Although attacks on pets are frequent, alligator attacks on humans are relatively rare because of the animal's natural fear of man. Because of the rarity of attacks on humans, the pathologic findings and pathophysiology of ...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Harding BE,Wolf BC

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Borate-containing compounds were formerly used as topical antiseptics and were components of many medicinal preparations including skin powders and ointments used for the treatment of burns and diaper rash. These compounds were also used as irrigants for body cavities, including the pleural, vaginal, and rectal caviti...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Hamilton RA,Wolf BC

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forensic DNA interpretation is transitioning from manual interpretation based usually on binary decision-making toward computer-based systems that model the probability of the profile given different explanations for it, termed probabilistic genotyping (PG). Decision-making by laboratories to implement probability-bas...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Buckleton JS,Bright JA,Gittelson S,Moretti TR,Onorato AJ,Bieber FR,Budowle B,Taylor DA

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal remains were discovered in an unused cistern near the Omaha, Nebraska airport and were positively identified through comparison of antemortem and postmortem dental radiographs. Although nearly nine years had elapsed between death and discovery, the bones and teeth revealed evidence of the application of a cor...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Ubelaker DH,Sperber ND

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The demographic and toxicological characteristics of deliberate (SUI, n = 50) and accidental (ACC, n = 927) fatal heroin overdose cases were examined. SUI cases were more likely to be female, had lower body mass indices, were more likely to be enrolled in treatment and less likely to have hepatic pathology. The median...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Darke S,Duflou J,Torok M

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intraosseous T1-weighted (T1W) and short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity changes-so-called bone marrow edema-may be able to differentiate antemortem and postmortem fractures in human forensic imaging. The primary objective of this study was to investigate this hypothesis...

journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences

authors： Oetelaar G,Heng HG,Lim CK,Cox A,Weng HY

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00