Abstract:
:This paper seeks to highlight the benefits of prioritizing moderate African communitarian principles as partly demonstrated in the HIV prevention strategies implemented in Uganda in the late 1980s. Pertinent lessons could be drawn so as to achieve the HIV prevention targets envisioned in the post-2015 development era. Communitarianism emphasizes the importance of communities as part of healthy human existence. Its core ethical values include the virtues of generosity, compassion, and solidarity. Persuasion through communication, consensus through dialogue, and the awareness and commitment to responsibilities towards other members of the community, are chief practices relied upon to achieve appropriate social behaviour. All these elements signify individual rootedness in communities and contribute to the healthy existence of its members. Communitarianism is usually classified as either authoritarian/radical or responsive/moderate, depending on the primacy given to either community interests or the individual will and rights. Moderate communitarianism recognizes the individual's capacity for moral reasoning, virtue and free choice. The ensuing form of society is deemed more ethical as it relies on education in the virtues, moral persuasion and informal social controls, without stifling individual identity, agency, and capacity for self-determination. If moderate African communitarianism, in particular, can to a certain extent be associated with the significant aspects of Uganda's HIV prevention strategies in the stated period, then its present-day relevance for HIV prevention and other public health interventions may be emphasized accordingly. This applies especially in view of the ongoing efforts to achieve a balance between individual and collective interests in bioethics.
journal_name
Dev World Bioethjournal_title
Developing world bioethicsauthors
Wathuta Jdoi
10.1111/dewb.12139subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-06-01 00:00:00pages
109-118issue
2eissn
1471-8731issn
1471-8847journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Obtaining 'informed consent' from every individual participant involved in health research is a mandatory ethical practice. Informed consent is a process whereby potential participants are genuinely informed about their role, risk and rights before they are enrolled in the study. Thus, ethics committees in most countr...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12123
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the case of Rosa, a nine-year-old girl who was denied a therapeutic abortion, this article analyzes the role played by the social in medical practice. For that purpose, it compares the different application of two similar pieces of legislation in Costa Rica, where both the practice of abortion and sterilizati...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00200.x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2006.00132.x
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike other countries in South Asia, in Nepal research in the health sector has a relatively recent history. Most health research activities in the country are sponsored by international collaborative assemblages of aid agencies and universities. Data from Nepal Health Research Council shows that, officially, 1,212 h...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12109
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2010.00284.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2011.00299.x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An ethical analysis of Jordan's Clinical Research Law, which became effective in 2001, was performed. Accordingly, this paper discusses the major components, key strengths and weaknesses of this law. As an initial effort, the Law addresses important aspects of research ethics and, hence, should serve as an example for...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00221.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2012.00332.x
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12283
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12034
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2009.00267.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The latest (June 2005) draft of UNESCO's proposed Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights is a major disappointment. The committee of government 'experts' that produced it made sure that it would not introduce any new obligations for States, and so the document simply restates existing agreements and lists...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2005.00117.x
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Explaining technical terms in consent forms prior to seeking informed consent to recruit into trials can be challenging in developing countries, and more so when the studies are randomized controlled trials. This study was carried out to examine the opinions of researchers on ways of dealing with these chall...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2006.00164.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like other so-called 'parallel' practices in medicine, traditional medicine (TM) does not avoid criticism or even rejection. Nyika's article 'Ethical and Regulatory Issues Surrounding African Traditional Medicine in the Context of HIV/AIDS' looks at some of the issues from a traditional Western ethical perspective and...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00184.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper examines the ethical considerations in a case of a 12-year-old girl seeking an abortion in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala in early 2020. The physician denied the girl care and did not refer her to a qualified provider, citing the illegality of such actions. Though abortion is illegal in Guatemala, enforcement of...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/dewb.12276
更新日期:2020-08-02 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2009.00254.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-8731.2003.00074.x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many countries in Africa, and more generally those in the Global South with tropical areas, are plagued by illnesses that the wealthier parts of the world (mainly 'the West') neither suffer from nor put systematic effort into preventing, treating or curing. What does an ethic with a recognizably African pedigree entai...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12179
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical AID organisations such as Médecins Sans Frontières receive several requests from individuals and international academic institutions to conduct research at their implementation sites in Africa. Do AID agencies have an ethical duty to comply with research requests? In this paper we respond to the views and cons...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2006.00141.x
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The significance of animals in research cannot be over-emphasized. The use of animals for research and training in research centres, hospitals and schools is progressively increasing. Advances in biotechnology to improve animal productivity require animal research. Drugs being developed and new interventions or therap...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12001
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The globalization of clinical research in the last two decades has led to a significant increase in the volume of clinical research in developing countries. As of 2016, Uganda was the third largest destination for clinical trials in Africa. This requires adequate capacity and systems to facilitate ethical pr...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12198
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12079
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12112
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the development of assisted reproductive technologies, infertile individuals have crossed borders to obtain treatments unavailable or unaffordable in their own country. Recent media coverage has focused on the outsourcing of surrogacy to developing countries, where the cost for surrogacy is significantly less th...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2009.00257.x
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the context of clinical and non-clinical biomedical practices, negligence is usually understood as a lapse of a specific professional duty by a healthcare worker or by a medical facility. This paper tries to delineate systemic negligence as another kind of negligence in the context of health systems, particularly i...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/dewb.12063
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this module is to cover ground that was not covered in-depth in any of the other modules, including: scientific misconduct, issues concerning the publication and ownership of research results (authorship guidelines - who is eligible to be considered an author, or contributor to a scientific paper etc....
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2005.00104.x
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::I give an account how the principle of 'respect for autonomy' dominates the field of bioethics, and how it came to triumph over its competitors, 'respect for persons' and 'respect for free power of choice'. I argue that 'respect for autonomy' is unsatisfactory as a basic principle of bioethics because it is grounded i...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12145
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research ethics training during post-graduate education is necessary to improve ethical standards in the design and conduct of biomedical research. We studied quality and quantity of research ethics training in the curricula of post-graduate programs in the medical science in I.R. Iran. We evaluated curricula of 125 p...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dewb.12122
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four key guidance points in the UNAIDS guidance document, Ethical Considerations in HIV Preventive Vaccine Research, are compared with analogous statements in three other recently issued documents dealing with international research. Those documents are: the Declaration of Helsinki, as revised in 2000; the report of t...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1471-8847.00017
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, health systems research (HSR) is reviewed by the same ethical standards as clinical research, which has recently been argued in the literature to be an inappropriate standard of evaluation. The issues unique to HSR warrant a different review by research ethics committees (RECs), as it does not impose the sa...
journal_title:Developing world bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/dewb.12117
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00