Abstract:
PURPOSE:Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches have the potential to overcome the challenges associated with current treatment strategies for meniscus injuries. 3D-Bioplotted scaffolds are promising, but have not demonstrated the ability to guide the formation of aligned collagenous matrix in vivo, which is critical for generating functional meniscus tissue. In this study, we evaluate the ability of 3D-Bioplotted scaffold designs with varying interstrand spacing to induce the deposition of aligned matrix in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS:3D-Bioplotted polycaprolactone scaffolds with 100, 200, or 400 μm interstrand spacing were implanted subcutaneously in a rat model for 4, 8, or 12 weeks. Scaffolds were harvested, paraffin-embedded, sectioned, and stained to visualize cell nuclei and collagen. Quantitative image analysis was used to evaluate cell density, matrix fill, and collagen fiber alignment within the scaffolds. RESULTS:By 4 weeks, cells had infiltrated the innermost scaffold regions. Similarly, collagenous matrix filled interstrand regions nearly completely by 4 weeks. By 12 weeks, aligned collagen was present in all scaffolds. Generally, alignment along the scaffold strands increased over time for all three interstrand spacing groups. Distribution of collagen fiber alignment angles narrowed as interstrand spacing decreased. CONCLUSIONS:3D-Bioplotted scaffolds allow for complete cell infiltration and collagenous matrix production throughout the scaffold. The ability to use interstrand spacing as a means of controlling the formation of aligned collagen in vivo was demonstrated, which helps establish a design space for scaffold-based meniscus tissue engineering.
journal_name
Connect Tissue Resjournal_title
Connective tissue researchauthors
Warren PB,Huebner P,Spang JT,Shirwaiker RA,Fisher MBdoi
10.1080/03008207.2016.1276177subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
342-354issue
3-4eissn
0300-8207issn
1607-8438journal_volume
58pub_type
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journal_title:Connective tissue research
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