Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Areas covered: Main goal of hypolipidemic treatment in diabetic patients is low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering with the use of statins. Addition of ezetimibe is useful in diabetic patients who cannot achieve their LDL-C target. However, many diabetic patients have increased residual CVD risk, which is mainly attributed to high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) values. The addition of fenofibrate targets these variables and possibly reduces residual CVD risk, but a possible beneficial effect has been shown only in a pre-specified subgroup analysis in patients with high triglycerides and low HDL-C values. The newer proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors lower substantially LDL-C levels, but data from specifically designed trials in diabetic patients are not currently available. Although the cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors have shown harmful effects or lack of efficacy in completed clinical trials, the newer CETP inhibitors have promising effects on lipid profile and carbohydrate metabolism, but their effects on CVD risk and safety profile have not been assessed. Expert commentary: Clinicians have a range of pharmacological options to reduce the CVD risk of diabetic patients.
journal_name
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Expert review of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Filippatos TD,Florentin M,Georgoula M,Elisaf MSdoi
10.1080/17512433.2017.1263565subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-02-01 00:00:00pages
187-200issue
2eissn
1751-2433issn
1751-2441journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Oncology is one of the areas of medicine with the most active research being conducted on new drugs. New pharmacological entities frequently enter the clinical arena, and therefore, the safety profile of anticancer products deserves continuous monitoring. However, only very severe and (unusual) suspected adverse drug ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2015.974555
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of pancreatic cancer, it continues to be a therapeutic challenge. Gemcitabine approved by FDA in 1997, offers modest improvement of tumor-related symptoms and marginal advantage of survival. Many chemotherapeutic agents have been compared against...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2014.910451
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dramatic effectiveness of statins in improving the course of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease tends to overshadow questions of statin intolerance. Thus after more than 25 years of clinical statin use, intolerance remains a poorly understood, frustrating issue for patients and providers. It has been extraordi...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1586/17512433.2014.857601
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The incidence of kidney dysfunction increases with age and is highly prevalent among patients with hypertension. Since many therapeutic compounds are primarily eliminated through the kidneys, impaired renal function can have negative consequences on drug disposition, efficacy and safety. Therefore, regulat...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2017.1274651
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::'IDegLira' combines insulin degludec (IDeg) with the glucagon-like peptide-1 analog liraglutide (Lira) at a ratio of 1 unit IDeg to 0.036 mg Lira. The two components have complementary therapeutic actions for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Studies have shown that combinations of basal insulin with glucagon-like pep...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17512433.2015.1017562
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this article was to assess the efficacy and safety of apremilast in treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) with meta-analysis method. We included four randomized clinical trials identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, "ISRCTN Register" and "ClinicalTrials.gov" which compared apremilast with place...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1159130
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data to inform antimalarial treatment regimens has accelerated in the past few decades, due in no small part to the stimulus provided by progressive development of parasite resistance to most of the currently available drugs. An understanding of the disposition,...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1129273
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra cranial solid tumor of childhood, with 60% of patients presenting with high risk (HR) NB by means of clinical, pathological and biological features. The 5-year survival rate for HR-NB remains below 40%, with the majority of patients suffering relapse from chemorefractory tum...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1160775
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::After the introduction of anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents, the clinical outcome of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) has improved significantly. However, use of anti-TNF therapy is complicated by loss of response. In order to maintain remission, adequate serum levels are required. Hence, ther...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1133288
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Migraine is a common neurological syndrome that affects approximately 10-20% of the population. The pathophysiology of migraine is unclear. 5-hydroxytriptamine is a key mediator in the pathogenesis of migraine and thus 5-HT1-receptor agonists are the principal drugs for acute migraine therapy. There are three classes ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.13.14
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) represent a promising nanomaterial for the targeted therapy and imaging of malignant brain tumors. Conjugation of peptides or antibodies to the surface of MNPs allows direct targeting of the tumor cell surface and potential disruption of active signaling pathways present in tumor cells. D...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.12.1
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reducing the burden of falciparum malaria in pregnancy is an urgent international public health priority but one that involves considerable challenges. The rapidly declining effectiveness of agents known to be safe in pregnancy, and the limited efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic data available for many other antimal...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17512433.1.1.61
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in premature infants. It is caused by surfactant deficiency and lung immaturity. Lucinactant is a synthetic surfactant containing sinapultide, a bioengineered peptide mimic of surfactant-associated protein B. A meta-analysis o...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.12.80
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A new five-year low dose, smaller-framed, levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive system (LNG-IUS 12) has been introduced to complement the currently available systems. Areas Covered: This article will provide an overview of this new intrauterine system - its composition and its mechanisms of a...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2017.1341308
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from clinical trials, retrospective and cross-sectional studies have quantified the metabolic changes associated with long-term use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). AEDs can be associated with weight gain or weight loss, although most are weight neutral. Weight gain is not only a cosmetic problem but also a risk fo...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2015.991716
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia and is becoming a global health concern. Despite a well-established understanding of the molecular mechanism involved in its pathogenesis, and millions of dollars of investment in drug discovery and clinical trials, no single molecule has yet been approved for i...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2013.811237
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Induction chemotherapy based on anthracyclines and cytarabine (Ara-C) combination remains the standard of care for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who are considered candidate for intensive and curative approaches. However, the toxicity of this regimen is high, with disappointing clinical outcomes am...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17512433.2019.1573668
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation plays a critical role in host defense, maintaining cellular and tissue integrity following chemical, physical and biological insults. Inflammation presents in a variety of acute and chronic disease states and can contribute to disease resolution or progression depending upon the type, magnitude and durati...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.11.66
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacogenomics is a rapidly developing sector of human genetics research with arguably the highest potential for immediate benefit. There is a considerable body of evidence demonstrating that variability in drug-treatment response can be explained in part by genetic variation. Subsequently, much research has ensued ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ecp.09.32
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIAs) were introduced to improve treatment adherence and tolerability of oral formulations. After risperidone was introduced as the first long-acting injectable second-generation antipsychotic, during the last five years olanzapine pamoate, once-monthly paliperidone ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2016.1191945
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anti-tumor activity of CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) has been well established in numerous animal models and confirmed in a number of early clinical trials. While the use of chemical modifications has effectively reduced the sensitivity of ODNs to nuclease degradation and a number of human trials hav...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17512433.2.2.181
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knee osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. Given the aging of the world's population, the burden of this disease is expected to increase significantly over the next few decades. As a pharmacological agent, glucosamine has been investigated for the treatment of symptoms and progression of knee osteoarthr...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ecp.09.17
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dapsone is a sulfone drug used to treat infectious conditions and also numerous dermatologic diseases. Fixed drug eruption is a distinctive adverse cutaneous reaction associated with the initial administration and subsequent delivery of a specific agent. Areas covered: The authors preformed a literature se...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2017.1322508
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In the modern antimicrobial era, the rapid spread of resistance to antibiotics and introduction of new and mutating viruses is a global concern. Combating antimicrobial resistant microbes (AMR) requires coordinated international efforts that incorporate new conventional antibiotic development as well as de...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2017.1371591
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2I) are recently approved class of anti-hyperglycaemic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SGLT-2I inhibits renal glucose reabsorption, thereby ensuing urinary glucose excretion in a dose-dependent manner. This caloric loss and osmotic diuresis,...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1131121
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Pharmacological inhibition of immune checkpoint receptors or their ligands represents a transformative breakthrough in the management of multiple cancers. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors have yet to be FDA-approved for the management of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), the commonest non-cutaneous ma...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2018.1464388
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:More than half of the patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience at least one extra-intestinal manifestation (EIM). The most common EIM in patients with IBD is spondyloarthritis (SpA). Microscopic intestinal inflammation is documented in almost 50% of the patients with SpA. Areas covered: We...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2017.1377609
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Statins remain among the most frequently prescribed drugs and constitute a cornerstone in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, muscle symptoms are often reported from patients on statins. Muscle symptoms are frequently reported as adverse events associated with statin therapy.Areas covered:...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2020.1734451
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Osteoarthritis constitutes one of the leading causes of pain and disability worldwide with a significant impact on health-care costs. Patients with osteoarthritis are often affected by a number of cardiovascular comorbidities, including hypertension, which is present in about 40% of cases. Just recently, a...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2018.1540299
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: An important gap within modern medicine is the lack of enough comparative effectiveness research of marketed medicines. Low-risk pragmatic randomized controlled trials (pRCTs) are those conducted resembling usual clinical practice that poses no or minimal incremental risk compared with normal clinical pr...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2020.1732816
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00