Hydrogen peroxide production, chemiluminescence, and the respiratory burst of fertilization: interrelated events in early sea urchin development.

abstract：:Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase is an enzyme that activates the growth factor-regulated MAP kinase in vitro by a mechanism that involves direct phosphorylation of MAP kinase on tyrosine and threonine residues. MAP kinase kinase is stimulated by growth factor treatment of cells and has been shown to be in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ahn NG,Campbell JS,Seger R,Jensen AL,Graves LM,Krebs EG

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The photosystem II (PSII) subunit S (PsbS) plays a key role in nonphotochemical quenching, a photoprotective mechanism for dissipation of excess excitation energy in plants. The precise function of PsbS in nonphotochemical quenching is unknown. By reconstituting PsbS together with the major light-harvesting complex of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wilk L,Grunwald M,Liao PN,Walla PJ,Kühlbrandt W

更新日期：2013-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibrocytes are collagen-type-I-producing cells that arise at low frequency from hematopoietic cells. We have analyzed in mice which leukocyte subsets are required for generation of fibrocytes and show that murine fibrocytes develop from the subpopulation of CD11b(+) CD115(+) Gr1(+) monocytes under the control of CD4(+...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Niedermeier M,Reich B,Rodriguez Gomez M,Denzel A,Schmidbauer K,Göbel N,Talke Y,Schweda F,Mack M

更新日期：2009-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat hepatoma cells infected with mouse mammary tumor virus contain multiple forms of unintegrated viral DNA when grown in the presence of glucocorticoids. Using the DNA transfer procedure of Southern, we have prepared restriction endonuclease fragment maps of these forms of viral DNA. The maps indicate that: (i) the m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shank PR,Cohen JC,Varmus HE,Yamamoto KR,Ringold GM

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The deadly symptoms of malaria occur as Plasmodium parasites replicate within blood cells. Members of several variant surface protein families are expressed on infected blood cell surfaces. Of these, the largest and most ubiquitous are the Plasmodium-interspersed repeat (PIR) proteins, with more than 1,000 variants in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Harrison TE,Reid AJ,Cunningham D,Langhorne J,Higgins MK

更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The environmental impact of using recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) in dairy production was examined on an individual cow, industry-scale adoption, and overall production system basis. An average 2006 U.S. milk yield of 28.9 kg per day was used, with a daily response to rbST supplementation of 4.5 kg per cow. Rat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Capper JL,Castañeda-Gutiérrez E,Cady RA,Bauman DE

更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Proinflammatory macrophages are key mediators in several pathologies; thus, controlling their activation is necessary. The endocannabinoid system is implicated in various inflammatory processes. Here we show that in macrophages, the newly characterized enzyme α/β-hydrolase domain 6 (ABHD6) controls 2-arachidonoylglyce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alhouayek M,Masquelier J,Cani PD,Lambert DM,Muccioli GG

更新日期：2013-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The maytansinoid drug DM1 is 100- to 1000-fold more cytotoxic than anticancer drugs that are currently in clinical use. The immunoconjugate C242-DM1 was prepared by conjugating DM1 to the monoclonal antibody C242, which recognizes a mucin-type glycoprotein expressed to various extents by human colorectal cancers. C242...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu C,Tadayoni BM,Bourret LA,Mattocks KM,Derr SM,Widdison WC,Kedersha NL,Ariniello PD,Goldmacher VS,Lambert JM,Blättler WA,Chari RV

更新日期：1996-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin- or multiple myeloma-associated amyloidosis has been distinguished by the tissue deposition of Congophilic, fibrillar protein consisting of light chains or light-chain fragments (AL amyloidosis). We now report the isolation and characterization of another form of immunoglobulin-associated amyloid obtain...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eulitz M,Weiss DT,Solomon A

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulatory photoreceptor phytochrome controls the transcription of its own phy genes in a negative feedback fashion. We have exploited microprojectile-mediated gene transfer to develop a rapid transient expression assay system for the study of DNA sequences involved in the phytochrome-regulated expression of these...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bruce WB,Christensen AH,Klein T,Fromm M,Quail PH

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleotide sequence analysis of one of several tRNA genes cloned from Tetrahymena thermophila macronuclear DNA indicated that it corresponds to a tRNA species having TTA as anticodon. Subsequently, the tRNA species corresponding to that gene was isolated and its nucleotide sequence was determined by post-labeling tech...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kuchino Y,Hanyu N,Tashiro F,Nishimura S

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The engineering of structures across different length scales is central to the design of novel materials with controlled macroscopic properties. Herein, we introduce a unique class of self-assembling materials, which are built upon shape- and volume-persistent molecular nanoparticles and other structural motifs, such ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu X,Yue K,Hsieh IF,Li Y,Dong XH,Liu C,Xin Y,Wang HF,Shi AC,Newkome GR,Ho RM,Chen EQ,Zhang WB,Cheng SZ

更新日期：2013-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal progenitors and tumor cells possess propensity to proliferate and to migrate. Glutamate regulates proliferation and migration of neurons during development, but it is not known whether it influences proliferation and migration of tumor cells. We demonstrate that glutamate antagonists inhibit proliferation of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rzeski W,Turski L,Ikonomidou C

更新日期：2001-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Sour taste is detected by a subset of taste cells on the tongue and palate epithelium that respond to acids with trains of action potentials. Entry of protons through a Zn(2+)-sensitive proton conductance that is specific to sour taste cells has been shown to be the initial event in sour taste transduction. Whether th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ye W,Chang RB,Bushman JD,Tu YH,Mulhall EM,Wilson CE,Cooper AJ,Chick WS,Hill-Eubanks DC,Nelson MT,Kinnamon SC,Liman ER

更新日期：2016-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase D (PTPRD) is a neuronal cell-adhesion molecule/synaptic specifier that has been implicated in addiction vulnerability and stimulant reward by human genomewide association and mouse cocaine-conditioned place-preference data. However, there have been no reports of effects of re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Uhl GR,Martinez MJ,Paik P,Sulima A,Bi GH,Iyer MR,Gardner E,Rice KC,Xi ZX

更新日期：2018-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite high predation pressure, planktonic copepods remain one of the most abundant groups on the planet. Their escape response provides one of most effective mechanisms to maximize evolutionary fitness. Owing to their small size (100 µm) compared with their predators (>1 mm), increasing viscosity is believed to have...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gemmell BJ,Sheng J,Buskey EJ

更新日期：2013-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Disulfide bond formation is catalyzed in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. This process involves at least two proteins: DsbA and DsbB. Recent evidence suggests that DsbA, a soluble periplasmic protein directly catalyzes disulfide bond formation in proteins, whereas DsbB, an inner membrane protein, is involved in the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guilhot C,Jander G,Martin NL,Beckwith J

更新日期：1995-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed an efficient, versatile, and user-friendly viral engineering and expression system that is based on in planta assembly of functional viral vectors from separate pro-vector modules. With this new system, instead of supplying a plant cell with a complete viral vector as a mature viral particle, an RNA ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marillonnet S,Giritch A,Gils M,Kandzia R,Klimyuk V,Gleba Y

更新日期：2004-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The p21 RAS subfamily of small GTPases, including KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS, regulates cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and other signaling networks, and is the most frequent target of activating mutations in cancer. Activating germline mutations of KRAS and HRAS cause severe developmental abnormalities leadi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oliveira JB,Bidère N,Niemela JE,Zheng L,Sakai K,Nix CP,Danner RL,Barb J,Munson PJ,Puck JM,Dale J,Straus SE,Fleisher TA,Lenardo MJ

更新日期：2007-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA-directed DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) from leukocytes of individual leukemic patients can be grouped by velocity gradient analyses into two distinct classes, a low-molecular-weight (LMW) class of approximately 70,000 and a high-molecular-weight (HMW) class of 130,000 to 140,000. The reverse transcriptase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mondal H,Gallagher RE,Gallo RC

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutagenic specificity of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) has been established in mammalian cells and several strains of bacteria by using a shuttle plasmid vector containing a single N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)acetylaminofluorene (C8-dG-AAF) adduct. The nucleotide sequence of the gene conferring tetracycline resistance was mod...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moriya M,Takeshita M,Johnson F,Peden K,Will S,Grollman AP

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) is a critical transcription factor that regulates epithelial cell proliferation and ductal morphogenesis during postnatal mammary gland development. Tissue recombination and transplantation studies using the first generation of ERalpha knockout (ERKO) mice suggested that this ster...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Feng Y,Manka D,Wagner KU,Khan SA

更新日期：2007-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Transplanted cord blood (CB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and progenitor cells (HPC) can treat malignant and nonmalignant disorders. Because long-term cryopreservation is critical for CB banking and transplantation, we assessed the efficiency of recovery of viable HSCHPC from individual CBs stored frozen for 15 yr. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Broxmeyer HE,Srour EF,Hangoc G,Cooper S,Anderson SA,Bodine DM

更新日期：2003-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycyl monomethyl (or monoethyl) ester to mice leads to substantial increases in the levels of glutathione in the liver and kidney. Mice depleted of glutathione by treatment with buthionine sulfoximine, a potent inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, exhibited about a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Puri RN,Meister A

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Targeting tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) with specific Abs is a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment, although the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for the Abs' biological activity are not completely known. We targeted the transmembrane RTK for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with a monoclonal Ab (DN...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Petrelli A,Circosta P,Granziero L,Mazzone M,Pisacane A,Fenoglio S,Comoglio PM,Giordano S

更新日期：2006-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A key question in clarifying human-environment interactions is how dynamic complexity develops across integrative scales from molecular to population and global levels. Apart from its public health importance, measles is an excellent test bed for such an analysis. Simple mechanistic models have successfully illuminate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Becker AD,Birger RB,Teillant A,Gastanaduy PA,Wallace GS,Grenfell BT

更新日期：2016-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenovirus (Ad) vectors have been extensively used to deliver recombinant genes to a great variety of cell types in vitro and in vivo. Ad-based vectors are available that replace the Ad early region 1 (E1) with recombinant foreign genes. The resultant E1-deleted vectors can then be propagated on 293 cells, a human emb...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Amalfitano A,Begy CR,Chamberlain JS

更新日期：1996-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A genetic defect in a CC-chemokine receptor (CCR)-5, the principal coreceptor for the macrophage-tropic HIV type 1 (HIV-1), recently was found to naturally protect CCR-5-defective, but healthy, individuals from HIV-1 infection. In this study, we mimic the natural resistance of the CCR-5-defective individuals by design...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang AG,Bai X,Huang XF,Yao C,Chen S

更新日期：1997-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitochondrial genome of the S-type male-sterile cytoplasm of maize contains two linear episomes, S1 (6397 base pairs) and S2 (5453 base pairs). The S2 episome contains two large unidentified open reading frames, URF1 (3512 base pairs) and URF2 (1017 base pairs). We have demonstrated that a polypeptide with an appa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zabala G,O'brien-Vedder C,Walbot V

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (referred to as TERRA), a noncoding RNA molecule, has recently been found in mammalian cells. The detailed structural features and function of the TERRA RNA at human chromosome ends remain unclear, although this RNA molecule may be a key component of the telomere machinery. In the prese...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu Y,Suzuki Y,Ito K,Komiyama M

更新日期：2010-08-17 00:00:00