Innate immune mediators in cancer: between defense and resistance.

abstract：:CD4(+) T lymphocytes orchestrate adaptive immune responses by differentiating into various subsets of effector T cells such as T-helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cells. These subsets have been generally described by master transcription factors that dictate the expression of cytokines and receptors, which u...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Pagani M,Rossetti G,Panzeri I,de Candia P,Bonnal RJ,Rossi RL,Geginat J,Abrignani S

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence analysis of Ig variable region genes transcribed within different B-cell subpopulations from human tonsil led us to identify a rare DNA sequence modification event consisting of bp insertions and/or deletions (I/D). Although these events were previously reported, they had never been formally associated wi...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Wilson P,Liu YJ,Banchereau J,Capra JD,Pascual V

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TET proteins are DNA demethylases that can oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to generate 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and other oxidized mC bases (oxi-mCs). Importantly, TET proteins govern cell fate decisions during development of various cell types by activating a cell-specific gene expression program. In this review...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Tsagaratou A

更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammasomes are the central signaling hubs of the inflammatory response. They process cytosolic evidence of infection, cell damage, or metabolic disturbances, and elicit a pro-inflammatory response mediated by members of the interleukin-1 family of cytokines and pyroptotoic cell death. On the molecular level, this i...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Franklin BS,Latz E,Schmidt FI

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) play a critical role in development and normal physiology. Alterations in 5-mC and 5-hmC patterns are common events in hematopoietic neoplasms. In this review, we begin by emphasizing the importance of 5-mC, 5-hmC, and their enzymatic modifiers in hematologic...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Moen EL,Mariani CJ,Zullow H,Jeff-Eke M,Litwin E,Nikitas JN,Godley LA

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An intrinsic (oncogene-driven) pathway and an extrinsic (microenvironment-driven) pathway connect inflammatory reactions and cancer. M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages and the related myeloid-derived suppressor cells are key prototypic components of smoldering inflammation driving neoplastic progression. Howeve...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Allavena P,Sica A,Garlanda C,Mantovani A

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a recently identified group of innate lymphocytes that are preferentially located at barrier surfaces. Barrier surfaces are in direct contact with complex microbial ecosystems, collectively referred to as the microbiota. It is now believed that the interplay of the microbiota with host ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Britanova L,Diefenbach A

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Solid tumor therapy with chemotherapeutics greatly depends on the efficiency with which drugs are delivered to tumor cells. The typical characteristics of the tumor physiology promote but also appose accumulation of blood-borne agents. The leaky tumor vasculature allows easy passage of drugs. However, the disorganized...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： ten Hagen TL,Seynhaeve AL,Eggermont AM

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-human primate (NHP) models, especially involving macaques, are considered important models of human immunity and have been essential in preclinical testing for vaccines and therapeutics. Despite this, much less characterization of macaque Fc receptors has occurred compared to humans or mice. Much of the characteri...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Chenoweth AM,Trist HM,Tan PS,Wines BD,Hogarth PM

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical to the human immune system, providing appropriately scaled immune responses and mediating peripheral tolerance. A central role for forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)(+) Tregs has been shown in the pathogenesis of mechanistically diverse central nervous system (CNS) diseases from aut...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Lowther DE,Hafler DA

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Almost four decades of research into the role of human leukocyte antigen-B27 (HLA-B27) in susceptibility to spondyloarthritis has yet to yield a convincing answer. New results from an HLA-B27 transgenic rat model now demonstrate quite convincingly that CD8(+) T cells are not required for the inflammatory phenotype. Di...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Colbert RA,DeLay ML,Klenk EI,Layh-Schmitt G

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TCR repertoire studies in RA have yielded conflicting data. These studies were initiated on the premise that clonal expression of T cells at the site of inflammation could serve as a target for immune therapies designed on the basis of the option to inactivate or eliminate the presumed pathogenic T cells. These analys...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Breedveld FC,Struyk L,van Laar JM,Miltenburg AM,de Vries RR,van den Elsen PJ

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract is colonized by trillions of beneficial commensal bacteria that are essential for promoting normal intestinal physiology. While the majority of commensal bacteria are found in the intestinal lumen, many species have also adapted to colonize different anatomical locations in th...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Fung TC,Artis D,Sonnenberg GF

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have discussed some aspects of the structure of the normal immune system, particularly the B-cell compartment. We have argued: that a basic property of the natural antibody repertoire is constituted by high degrees of connectivity within the immune system as well as between the system and other components of the or...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Holmberg D,Andersson A,Carlsson L,Forsgren S

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：SUMMARY:Interleukin-21 (IL-21) belongs to a family of cytokines that includes IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15, all of which bind to private (or shared) receptors as well as the common cytokine receptor gamma-chain as a component. Most cytokines in this family are critically important for both the maintenance and func...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Ettinger R,Kuchen S,Lipsky PE

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After more than a decade of intensive research, the precise role of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in determining the course of the infection remains open to argument. It is established that HIV-specific CTL appear early in the infection and are temporally associated with the...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Goulder P,Price D,Nowak M,Rowland-Jones S,Phillips R,McMichael A

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses are obligatory intracellular parasites, whose replication depends on components encoded by the virus and pathways and functions of the host cell. In addition to the pathways required for viral synthesis, viruses activate multiple mechanisms to evade immune attack, promoting viral propagation while avoiding or ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Andrade F

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccines or early childhood exposure to infection mediate immunity, that is, improved resistance against disease and death caused by a second infection with the same agent. This has been explained by and equaled to immunological memory, that is, an "altered immune system behavior" that is maintained in a presumably an...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Zinkernagel RM

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to engineer the antibody molecule has now progressed to the stage where one can realistically contemplate creating a pharmacologically useful targeting molecule comprising a single-chain, minimal antibody combining site together with a domain that imparts a second functionality. It will certainly be possib...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Haber E

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complement is a humoral factor of innate immunity and plays important roles in immune surveillance and clearance of invading pathogens. Mammalian complement consists of the classical (antibody-dependent), the alternative (antibody-independent) and the lectin (triggered by mannose-binding lectin) pathways of activation...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Nakao M,Yano T

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are innate immune system cells that play an essential role in eradicating invading pathogens. PMN migration to sites of infection/inflammation requires exiting the microcirculation and subsequent crossing of epithelial barriers in mucosa-lined organs such as the lungs and intestine...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Brazil JC,Parkos CA

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The infiltration of human tumors by T cells is a common phenomenon, and over the past decades, it has become increasingly clear that the nature of such intratumoral T-cell populations can predict disease course. Furthermore, intratumoral T cells have been utilized therapeutically in clinical studies of adoptive T-cell...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Linnemann C,Mezzadra R,Schumacher TN

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MHC class I molecules function to present peptides comprised of eight to 11 residues to CD8+ T lymphocytes. Here we review the efforts of our laboratory to understand how cells generate such peptides from viral gene products. We particularly focus on the nature of substrates acted on by cytosolic proteases, the contri...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Yewdell J,Antón LC,Bacik I,Schubert U,Snyder HL,Bennink JR

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Guanine nucleotide binding proteins rapidly cycle between a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state, and they operate as binary switches that control cell activation in response to environmental cues. GTPases adopt different conformations when binding GTP vs. GDP. The GTP-bound s...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Cantrell DA

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current regimens used to treat tuberculosis are largely comprised of serendipitously discovered drugs that are combined based on clinical experience. Despite curing millions, these drug regimens are limited by the long course of therapy, the emergence of resistance, and the persistent tissue damage that remains af...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Baer CE,Rubin EJ,Sassetti CM

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells of the monocyte/macrophage system originate from the bone marrow, reach the organs via the blood, immigrate through postcapillary venules and further differentiate into organ-specific tissue macrophages. In rats and other species, activated monocytes/macrophages aggravate autoimmune reactions, rejection of non-v...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Steiniger B,Stehling O,Scriba A,Grau V

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses have often been associated with autoimmune diseases. One mechanism by which self-destruction can be triggered is molecular mimicry. Many examples of cross-reactive immune responses between pathogens and self-antigens have been described. This review presents two transgenic models of autoimmune disease induced ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： von Herrath MG,Evans CF,Horwitz MS,Oldstone MB

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the PD-1: PD-ligand (PD-L) pathway are both critical to terminating immune responses. Elimination of either can result in the breakdown of tolerance and the development of autoimmunity. The PD-1: PD-L pathway can thwart self-reactive T cells and protect against autoimmunity in many ways....

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Francisco LM,Sage PT,Sharpe AH

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear hormone receptor retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) induces a pro-inflammatory program in lymphoid cells, culminating in the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17, IL-22, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor. During ontogeny, the first type of cells expre...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Eberl G

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among various strategies to evade the host immune response, some viruses like human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) interfere with surface MHC class I expression and antigen presentation to T lymphocytes. The ability of natural killer (NK) cells to detect MHC class I molecules through inhibitory receptors can be envisaged as a...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： López-Botet M,Llano M,Ortega M

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00