Abstract：
:Obesity is now recognised as a chronic, low-grade inflammatory disease contributing to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Multiple mechanisms leading to the low grade inflammation in this setting have been suggested. Due to the complexity and interconnection of inflammatory and metabolic responses, there also remains a need to fully elucidate the inflammatory mechanisms that control obesity and associated metabolic disorders. One important avenue in the field that has gained great attention is the interleukin (IL)-1 superfamily of cytokines that consist of IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33. IL-1β is well known for its contribution as an inflammatory mediator in obesity contributing to insulin resistance and T2D, whereas the IL-18 and IL-33 cytokines have been shown to oppose metabolic dysregulation. This review will focus on the current understanding of the IL-1 superfamily of cytokines in the setting of obesity and discuss how endogenous feedback loops can be exploited for therapeutic approaches to fight obesity and subsequent cardiometabolic disorders.
journal_name
Semin Immunoljournal_title
Seminars in immunologyauthors
Lee MK,Yvan-Charvet L,Masters SL,Murphy AJdoi
10.1016/j.smim.2016.10.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-10-01 00:00:00pages
441-449issue
5eissn
1044-5323issn
1096-3618pii
S1044-5323(16)30100-2journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The signalling mechanisms of the IL-2R remained an enigma until recent years. We now know that IL-2R are coupled to their own unique signalling pathways that complement rather than duplicate TCR signalling. The IL-2R beta- and gamma-chains are essential for signal coupling. Sequence comparisons indicate that portions ...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:Metazoan parasites typically induce a type 2 immune response, characterized by T helper 2 (Th2) cells that produce the cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 among others. The type 2 response is host protective, reducing the number of parasites either through direct killing in the tissues, or expulsion from the intestine. Typ...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
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abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an idiopathic autoimmune neurodegenerative disease. Like many common diseases, MS has a genetic component; however, as with most complex diseases, the genetic architecture may be influenced by heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance, polygenic inheritance, and environmental factors. This clinic...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
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abstract：:Heterogeneity in the supramolecular organization of immunological synapses arises from the involvement of different cells, distinct environmental stimuli, and varying levels of protein expression. There may also be heterogeneity in the types and amounts of cell surface proteins and lipids that transfer between lymphoc...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
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doi：10.1016/j.smim.2003.09.005
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
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doi：
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.smim.2015.07.003
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Celiac disease (CD) is an increasingly common disease of the small intestine that occurs in genetically susceptible subjects by ingestion of cereal gluten proteins. Gluten is highly abundant in the modern diet and well tolerated by most individuals. In CD, however, an erroneous but highly specific, adaptive immune res...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.smim.2015.11.001
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.smim.2017.04.001
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/smim.1997.0070
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.smim.2011.06.007
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.smim.2005.10.002
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
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journal_title：Seminars in immunology
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abstract：:Interferon epsilon (IFNε) is a type I IFN with unusual patterns of expression and therefore, function. It is constitutively expressed by reproductive tract epithelium and regulated by hormones during estrus cycle, reproduction, and menopause and by exogenous hormones. The IFNe protein is encoded by a gene in the type ...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.smim.2019.101328
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abstract：:T helper (TH) cells can assume different phenotypes characterized by the secretion of distinct effector molecules. Interferon-gamma producing TH1 and IL-4 producing TH2 cells have long been recognized as important mediators of host defense, whereas regulatory T cells are known to suppress T cell responses. Recently, T...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.smim.2007.10.016
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abstract：:The mechanisms by which alphabeta T-cells are selected in the thymus and then recognize peptide MHC (pMHC) complexes in the periphery remain an enigma. Recent work particularly with respect to quantification of T-cell sensitivity and the role of self-ligands in T-cell activation has provided some important clues to th...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:CR1 (C3b receptor) and CR2 (C3d/EBV receptor) are two C3 receptors expressed on B lymphocytes. CR1 and CR2 have structural similarities and their cross-linking at the B cell surface by antibodies or specific ligands in multimeric forms induce B cell activation. However, activation of human B cells through cell surface...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
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abstract：:The creation of a highly diverse antibody repertoire requires the synergistic activity of a DNA mutator, known as activation-induced deaminase (AID), coupled with an error-prone repair process that recognizes the DNA mismatch catalyzed by AID. Instead of facilitating the canonical error-free response, which generally ...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the overwhelming success of immunization in reducing, and even eliminating, the global threats posed by a wide spectrum of infectious diseases, attempts to do the same for tuberculosis (TB) have failed to date. While most effective vaccines act by eliciting neutralizing antibodies, T cells are the primary medi...
journal_title：Seminars in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.smim.2014.10.003
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
