Survival of HIV-1 vertically infected children.

Abstract:

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is 20 years since the start of the combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era and more than 10 years since cART scale-up began in resource-limited settings. We examined survival of vertically HIV-infected infants and children in the cART era. RECENT FINDINGS:Good survival has been achieved on cART in all settings with up to 10-fold mortality reductions compared with before cART availability. Although mortality risk remains high in the first few months after cART initiation in young children with severe disease, it drops rapidly thereafter even for those who started with advanced disease, and longer term mortality risk is low. However, suboptimal retention on cART in routine programs threatens good survival outcomes and even on treatment children continue to experience high comorbidity risk; infections remain the major cause of death. Interventions to address infection risk include a cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, isoniazid preventive therapy, routine childhood and influenza immunization, and improving maternal survival. SUMMARY:Pediatric survival has improved substantially with cART and HIV-infected children are aging into adulthood. It is important to ensure access to diagnosis and early cART, good program retention as well as optimal comorbidity prophylaxis and treatment to achieve the best possible long-term survival and health outcomes for vertically infected children.

journal_name

Curr Opin HIV AIDS

authors

Davies MA,Gibb D,Turkova A

doi

10.1097/COH.0000000000000303

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-09-01 00:00:00

pages

455-464

issue

5

eissn

1746-630X

issn

1746-6318

pii

01222929-201609000-00003

journal_volume

11

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Th17 cell dynamics in HIV infection.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Th17 cells are a newly identified subtype of CD4 T cells that respond to bacterial and fungal antigens and are important in mucosal immunology. Because HIV infection results in loss of CD4 T cells as well as disruption to the gastrointestinal tract that causes microbial translocation and immune activa...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3283364846

    authors: Klatt NR,Brenchley JM

    更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical approach to drug resistance interpretation: expert advice.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The body of knowledge regarding antiretroviral drug resistance is rapidly evolving as a result of extensive research and the continuous availability of new antiretroviral drugs. The interpretation of drug resistance tests may be difficult for clinicians not working in highly specialized healthcare env...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32801470f6

    authors: Clotet B,Paredes R

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • Can the United States achieve 90-90-90?

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent trends in knowledge of HIV status, care and viral suppression, and the status of implementation of relevant contextual requirements for the United States to achieve the 90-90-90 goals. Recently, the US government announced a plan to decrease HIV incidence by over 90% by 2030. Reach...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000578

    authors: Hall HI,Brooks JT,Mermin J

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00

  • Aging with HIV: osteoporosis and fractures.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Osteoporosis remains an important focus of contemporary research in HIV, with co-morbidities and mortality from non-AIDS illnesses now a major barrier to normal lifespan in many populations living with HIV. This review outlines the major recent advances in our understanding of osteoporosis and fractur...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000080

    authors: Mallon PW

    更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00

  • Modelling sexual transmission of HIV: testing the assumptions, validating the predictions.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To discuss the role of mathematical models of sexual transmission of HIV: the methods used and their impact. RECENT FINDINGS:We use mathematical modelling of 'universal test and treat' as a case study to illustrate wider issues relevant to all modelling of sexual HIV transmission. SUMMARY:Mathematic...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32833a51b2

    authors: Baggaley RF,Fraser C

    更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00

  • Combining antiretroviral drugs and immune therapies: an approach to achieve clinical benefit after treatment interruption.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In the next 5-10 years, neither antiviral drug treatment nor a preventive vaccine is expected to provide a solution to the HIV epidemic. To achieve a relevant public health benefit, it is time to change focus and develop immune therapies to achieve a beneficial viral load reduction in the absence of d...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f50c21

    authors: Lisziewicz J

    更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00

  • The dysfunction of T follicular helper cells.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a critical role as providers of B-cell help and dysfunction in Tfh/B-cell interactions can lead to autoimmunity or immunodeficiency. These observations have generated a great deal of interest in understanding how these cells are affected during HIV infection and ho...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000095

    authors: Cubas R,Perreau M

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Immunopathogenesis of immune reconstitution disease in HIV patients responding to antiretroviral therapy.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this article is to review the most recent literature regarding the immunopathogenesis of pathogen-associated immune reconstitution disease and to discuss the role of immune activation and various effector molecules and cells such as macrophages, effector and regulatory T cells, and natural ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328302ebbb

    authors: Kestens L,Seddiki N,Bohjanen PR

    更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00

  • Animal models for microbicide safety and efficacy testing.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Early studies have cast doubt on the utility of animal models for predicting success or failure of HIV-prevention strategies, but results of multiple human phase 3 microbicide trials, and interrogations into the discrepancies between human and animal model trials, indicate that animal models were, and...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328361d096

    authors: Veazey RS

    更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00

  • Antiretroviral drug concentrations in the male and female genital tract: implications for the sexual transmission of HIV.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize the recent literature (2008-2010) on antiretroviral (ARV) drug disposition into the male and female genital tract. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent studies have confirmed that penetration of antiretroviral agents into the male and female genital tracts are both drug and sex specific. Concentration...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32833a0b69

    authors: Taylor S,Davies S

    更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00

  • Variable adherence to prescribed dosing regimens for protease inhibitors: scope and outcomes.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is generally accepted that a high degree of adherence to the dosing regimens of protease inhibitors is essential to avoid virological failure. It is also believed that once-daily dosing of protease inhibitors, by improving adherence, will lead to better outcomes. This review will discuss the patter...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32831271c2

    authors: Blaschke TF

    更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00

  • HIV-1 replicative fitness in elite controllers.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Differential rates of disease progression are obviously multifactorial, but the virulence of the actual infecting virus is most frequently ignored as potential source of slow or rapid disease progression. In this review, the argument will be made that nearly all elite suppressors are infected by weak ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3283454cf5

    authors: Lobritz MA,Lassen KG,Arts EJ

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • The role of Fc receptors in HIV infection and vaccine efficacy.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this review, the roles of Fc-gamma receptor polymorphisms are discussed in regards to HIV-1 vaccine efficacy, HIV acquisition, and disease progression. In addition, the significance of the neonatal immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc receptor and potential effects of the aggregated immunoglobulin A Fc recept...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000051

    authors: Cocklin SL,Schmitz JE

    更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00

  • Sexual and reproductive health in HIV-positive adolescents.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review aims to summarize data in the last 18 months on the sexual and reproductive health of perinatally and horizontally infected adolescents and young people living with HIV (age 13-25 years) and to highlight some key issues faced by this group of adolescents as they reach puberty and sexual de...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000456

    authors: Hamzah L,Hamlyn E

    更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation and management of early virological failure.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the causes, evaluation, and management of early virological failure in patients treated with their first antiretroviral regimen. RECENT FINDINGS:Combination antiretroviral therapy predictably induces a rapid virological response, with the majority of patients achieving an undetectable HIV...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.COH.0000239853.99742.0f

    authors: Sax PE

    更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00

  • Transmission of HCV in HIV-positive populations.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in HIV has changed significantly over the past decade. This review will outline the current epidemiology of HCV in HIV infection, focusing on the recent changes and factors which have been related to the increase in HCV transmission in HIV-infected men who h...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32834b4974

    authors: Danta M,Rodger AJ

    更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00

  • Reaching 90-90-90 in Botswana.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Botswana, a small country in southern Africa, has had a very high prevalence of HIV since about 1995. It seems important to analyze the response of this country to help us understand how it became one of the first nations to achieve the 90-90-90 targets. RECENT FINDINGS:Botswana began a national prog...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000580

    authors: Essex M,Makhema J,Lockman S

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00

  • Nonhuman primate models for the evaluation of HIV-1 preventive vaccine strategies: model parameter considerations and consequences.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nonhuman primate (NHP) models of AIDS are powerful systems for evaluating HIV vaccine approaches in vivo. Authentic features of HIV-1 transmission, dissemination, target cell tropism, and pathogenesis, and aspects of anti-HIV-1 immune responses, can be recapitulated in NHPs provided the appropriate, s...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000311

    authors: Del Prete GQ,Lifson JD,Keele BF

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • Role of the gastrointestinal tract in establishing infection in primates and humans.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Here we present recent studies examining the gastrointestinal tract during primary HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus infections and emphasizing the onset of severe pathologic processes that are not adequately reflected in peripheral blood. We discuss these findings and hypotheses relating to the r...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f331b0

    authors: Mehandru S,Dandekar S

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mortal allies: human immunodeficiency virus and noncommunicable diseases.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HIV-infected individuals have improved access to antiretroviral therapy. This has resulted in a shift in causes of mortality from infectious diseases to noncommunicable diseases including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and malignancies. This review will look at the epidemiologica...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000342

    authors: Mayne ES,George JA

    更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00

  • Biology of HIV mucosal transmission.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HIV-1 mucosal transmission plays a critical role in HIV-1 infection and AIDS pathogenesis. This review summarizes the latest advances in biological studies of HIV-1 mucosal transmission, highlighting the implications of these studies in the development of microbicides to prevent HIV-1 transmission. R...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32830634c6

    authors: Wu L

    更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00

  • The antibody response in HIV-1-infected donors.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Although the goal of preventive HIV vaccine design is primarily the induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), recent evidence suggests that a protective response will also benefit from Fc effector functions. Here, we provide an update on the antibody response to HIV infection, including bo...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000559

    authors: Richardson SI,Moore PL

    更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00

  • The microbiome and HIV persistence: implications for viral remission and cure.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article discusses the interaction between HIV infection, the gut microbiome, inflammation and immune activation, and HIV reservoirs, along with interventions to target the microbiome and their implications for HIV remission and cure. RECENT FINDINGS:Most studies show that HIV-infected adults hav...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000434

    authors: Koay WLA,Siems LV,Persaud D

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • Microbicides: chemistry, structure, and strategy.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To highlight promising areas of research and preview future generations of microbicides, this review will focus on reports that described new cellular or viral targets, drug substances, or strategies that are specifically intended for topical microbicides. Those reports that dealt with the design, dis...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32830ab9dd

    authors: Zydowsky TM

    更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00

  • A role for antibodies in natural HIV control.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Rare patients naturally control HIV replication without antiretroviral therapy. Understanding the mechanisms implicated in natural HIV control will inform the development of immunotherapies against HIV. Elite controllers are known for developing efficient antiviral T-cell responses, but recent finding...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000554

    authors: Moris A,Pereira M,Chakrabarti L

    更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00

  • The role of family planning in elimination of new pediatric HIV infection.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We reviewed recent literature on the role of family planning in eliminating new pediatric HIV infections. RECENT FINDINGS:Global commitments to eliminate new pediatric HIV infections recognize that preventing unintended pregnancies among women with HIV is essential to achieving this goal. However, su...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3283632bd7

    authors: Wilcher R,Petruney T,Cates W

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Evolving clinical phenotypes in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the changes in the presentation of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) comparing the current combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) treatment era to the pre-cART era. RECENT FINDINGS:The frequency of the most severe stage of HAND, HIV-associated dementia (HAD), has decreased...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000102

    authors: Sacktor N,Robertson K

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • Molecular epidemiology in the HIV and SARS-CoV-2 pandemics.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review was to compare and contrast the application of molecular epidemiology approaches for the improved management and understanding of the HIV versus SARS-CoV-2 epidemics. RECENT FINDINGS:Molecular biology approaches, including PCR and whole genome sequencing (WGS), have become powe...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000660

    authors: Lorenzo-Redondo R,Ozer EA,Achenbach CJ,D'Aquila RT,Hultquist JF

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Candidates for inclusion in a universal antiretroviral regimen: dolutegravir.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review addresses the role of dolutegravir (DTG) in first-line therapy. In the era of test and treat, where United Nations AIDS Program and WHO have set the ambitious targets of 90/90/90, new efficacious, well tolerated, and simple therapeutic options are needed. RECENT FINDINGS:DTG has been teste...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000388

    authors: Cahn P

    更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00

  • HIV treatment cascade in tuberculosis patients.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Globally, the number of deaths associated with tuberculosis (TB) and HIV coinfection remains unacceptably high. We review the evidence around the impact of strengthening the HIV treatment cascade in TB patients and explore recent findings about how best to deliver integrated TB/HIV services. RECENT F...

    journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000197

    authors: Lessells RJ,Swaminathan S,Godfrey-Faussett P

    更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00