Abstract:
:Schizophrenia clearly involves impairments of attention, but the precise nature of these impairments has been difficult to determine. One possibility is that the deficit in attention is a secondary consequence of a deficit in goal maintenance. However, recent research suggests that people with schizophrenia (PSZ) actually focus attention more strongly on objects containing goal-relevant features. To test these competing hypotheses, we recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) from PSZ (N = 20) and healthy control subjects (HCS; N = 20) while they looked for a particular target color at fixation and tried to ignore lateral distractors that sometimes matched the target color (target-color distractors). Goal maintenance was made trivially easy by the continual presentation of a goal reminder. We found that HCS were able to successfully suppress target-color distractors (leading to a distractor positivity ERP component), whereas PSZ focused attention on these items (leading to an N2-posterior-contralateral ERP component). This suggests that, when maintaining a task set, PSZ engage in aberrant focusing of attention, or hyperfocusing, on goal-relevant features. (PsycINFO Database Record
journal_name
J Abnorm Psycholjournal_title
Journal of abnormal psychologyauthors
Sawaki R,Kreither J,Leonard CJ,Kaiser ST,Hahn B,Gold JM,Luck SJdoi
10.1037/abn0000209subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
106-116issue
1eissn
0021-843Xissn
1939-1846pii
2016-47862-001journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous research has established that clinical anxiety patients and nonclinical populations with high levels of anxiety vulnerability characteristically orient attention toward moderately threatening stimuli. In contrast, populations with low levels of anxiety vulnerability typically orient attention away from such s...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.2.212
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with insomnia were exposed to a stressor (speech threat) prior to getting into bed and were instructed to think about the speech and its implications in either images (Image group, n = 14) or verbal thought (Verbal group, n = 17). Participants completed questionnaires about speech anxiety, arousal, and sen...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we sought to examine information seeking among individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD, n = 31) and nonanxious controls (n = 32) during an impression-formation task. Participants were given an initial description of a protagonist that included polarized information on the social rank dimens...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0029555
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A discrete-time survival analysis of recovery from major depressive episodes for a sample of married subjects (N = 119) identified several significant predictors of recovery including comorbidity for anxiety disorders or substance abuse, social support, age, and education. Furthermore, the analysis distinguished betwe...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.2.277
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preliminary explorations of the trait model for personality disorders provided in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) Section III suggest that the factor structure of proposed traits includes 5 higher order factors that resemble other dimensional trait models of personality. These pr...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0034003
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors assessed the biphasic effects of alcohol on human physical aggression. Sixty male social drinkers were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: alcohol ascending limb (AAL), alcohol descending limb (ADL), or 1 of 2 sober control groups. Aggression was assessed in the AAL and ADL groups at respective ascending or descend...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.106.4.598
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stressful life events increase the risk for psychosis, and the subjective experience of stress related to daily life activities drives moment-to-moment variation in psychotic intensity. Positron emission tomography (PET) studies suggest that dopaminergic (DAergic) activity mediates the behavioral response to an experi...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000010
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myriad studies have found group differences in neural dynamics between people with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the extent to which variation in neural dynamics is related to variation in the autism phenotype across the population is not known. Here we measured behavioral characteristics of aut...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000436
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male monozygotic cotwins of probands with Alcohol Abuse-Dependence (n = 85) were more likely than male same-sex dizygotic cotwins (n = 96) to report alcohol, drug, and conduct disorder problems. For women, rates of problem behavior did not differ between monozygotic (n = 44) and same-sex dizygotic (n = 43) cotwins. Op...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.1.3
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reports an error in "Identity confusion in complicated grief: A closer look" by Benjamin W. Bellet, Nicole J. LeBlanc, Marie-Christine Nizzi, Mikaela L. Carter, Florentine H. S. van der Does, Jacqueline Peters, Donald J. Robinaugh and Richard J. McNally (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2020[May], Vol 129[4], 397-407)....
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000631
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the course of PTSD symptoms in a cohort of U.S. Marines (N = 867) recruited for the Marine Resiliency Study (MRS) from a single infantry battalion that deployed as a unit for 7 months to Afghanistan during the peak of conflict there. Data were collected via structured interviews and self-report questionnai...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000020
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serotonin transporter promoter region polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) is associated with neural response to negative images in brain regions involved in the experience of emotion. However, the behavioral implications of this sensitivity have been studied far less extensively. The current study used eye-tracking methodolog...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0022125
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little longitudinal research has examined progression to more severe bipolar disorders in individuals with "soft" bipolar spectrum conditions. We examine rates and predictors of progression to bipolar I and II diagnoses in a nonpatient sample of college-age participants (n = 201) with high General Behavior Inventory s...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0023973
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The search for genes involved in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) may have been hindered by the assumption that the different symptoms that define the condition can be attributed to the same causal mechanism. Instead the social and nonsocial aspects of ASC may have distinct causes at genetic, cognitive, and neural lev...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0031919
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conversion disorder has been associated with hypnotic susceptibility for over a century and is currently still believed to be a form of autohypnosis. There is, however, little empirical evidence for the relation between hypnotic susceptibility and conversion symptoms. The authors compared 50 patients with conversion d...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.111.2.390
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anger can be defined as an emotion consisting of feelings of variable intensity, from mild irritation or annoyance to intense fury and rage. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by impulsivity and instability of interpersonal relationships, of self-image, and of negative affects. Borderline personali...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0026393
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at an increased risk for substance use but the pathways through which this risk emerges are insufficiently understood. Tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana outcomes were compared between adolescents diagnosed with ADHD in early childhood (N = 113) and dem...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0036585
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interpersonal approaches to depression are surveyed; it is suggested that interpersonal inhibition, as opposed to interpersonal excess, has been underemphasized as an antecedent of depression. It is proposed that shyness is a vulnerability factor for depressive symptoms in the absence but not in the presence of social...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.106.3.386
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inference from the cognitive theories of depression is that only a subset of depressed individuals should exhibit distinctively negative cognitive styles. Although this inference has been supported by previous research, attempts to characterize these depressives have yielded few identifying variables. This study of...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.103.3.419
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.105.4.658
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescent self-mutilative behavior (SMB) is a pervasive and dangerous problem, yet factors influencing the performance of SMB are not well understood. The authors examined the contextual features and behavioral functions of SMB in a sample of 89 adolescent psychiatric inpatients. SMB typically was performed impulsive...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.140
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journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.113.2.302
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000500
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive theories of depression posit that selective attention for negative information contributes to the maintenance of depression. The current study experimentally tested this idea by randomly assigning adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) to 4 weeks of computer-based attention bias modification designed to...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037/abn0000049
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the official personality disorder (PD) classification system remains unchanged. However, DSM-5 also includes an alternative hybrid categorical-dimensional PD system in Section III to spur additional research. One defining feature of the alter...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0037633
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two fear-relevant imagery scripts were used as conditioned stimuli (CSs) in a differential learning paradigm with 5.5% CO2-enriched air as unconditioned stimulus (US). In another condition, 2 neutral scripts were used as CSs (N = 56). Within each condition, one script was imagined while breathing the CO2-enriched air ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.108.1.143
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Former college students (n = 36) identified by high scores on the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HYP; Eckblad & Chapman, 1986) were compared with control participants (n = 31) at a 13-year follow-up assessment. As hypothesized, the HYP group reported more bipolar disorders and major depressive episodes than the control ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although stability and pervasive inflexibility are general criteria for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) personality disorders (PDs), borderline PD (BPD) is characterized by instability in several domains, including interpersonal behavior, affe...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0016954
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This longitudinal study examined the influence of peer selection and socialization on bulimic symptoms in college students. Ninety-eight participants completed measures of bulimic symptoms, self-esteem, perfectionism, and impulsivity in the spring and fall of 2003. Peer influence was assessed by examining similarity a...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.115.1.185
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Implicit self-associations are theorized to be rigidly and excessively negative in affective disorders like depression. Such information processing patterns may be useful as an approach to parsing heterogeneous etiologies, substrates, and treatment outcomes within the broad syndrome of depression. However, there is a ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000651
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00