Abstract:
:Coleoptera (beetles) is a massively successful order of insects, distinguished by their evolutionarily modified forewings called elytra. These structures are often presumed to have been a major driving force for the successful radiation of this taxon, by providing beetles with protection against a variety of harsh environmental factors. However, few studies have directly demonstrated the functional significance of the elytra against diverse environmental challenges. Here, we sought to empirically test the function of the elytra using Tribolium castaneum (the red flour beetle) as a model. We tested four categories of stress on the beetles: physical damage to hindwings, predation, desiccation, and cold shock. We found that, in all categories, the presence of elytra conferred a significant advantage compared to those beetles with their elytra experimentally removed. This work provides compelling quantitative evidence supporting the importance of beetle forewings in tolerating a variety of environmental stresses, and gives insight into how the evolution of elytra have facilitated the remarkable success of beetle radiation.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Linz DM,Hu AW,Sitvarin MI,Tomoyasu Ydoi
10.1038/srep34813subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-10-06 00:00:00pages
34813issn
2045-2322pii
srep34813journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Some insect galls are formed on sumac plants by certain aphid species and have been used for medicinal and chemical purposes as they are rich in tannins. The most prominent species among gall aphids in China is Schlechtendalia chinensis, which formed horn-shaped galls on the winged rachis of Rhus chinensis. S. chinens...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06806-8
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of the effect of different parameters for designing a non-viral vector in gene delivery systems has great importance. In this manner, 2D crystals, precisely layered double hydroxides, have attracted the attention of scientists due to their significant adjustability and low-toxicity and low-cost preparation ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77809-1
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence suggests that pathological hallmarks of chronic degenerative syndromes progressively spread among interconnected brain areas in a disease-specific stereotyped pattern. Functional brain imaging from patients affected by various neurological syndromes such as traumatic brain injury and stroke indicat...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29918-1
更新日期:2018-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular crystals demonstrate drastically different behavior in solid and liquid state, mainly due to their difference in structural frameworks. Therefore, designing of unique structured molecular compound which can work at both these interfaces has been a challenge. Here, we present remarkable 'molecular' property b...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep14460
更新日期:2015-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Podocyte loss is the initial event in the development of glomerulosclerosis, the structural hallmark of progressive proteinuric nephropathies. Understanding mechanisms underlying glomerular injury is the key challenge for identifying novel therapeutic targets. In mice with protein-overload induced by bovine serum albu...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep28445
更新日期:2016-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::There is a need for noninvasive repeatable biomarkers to detect early cancer treatment response and spare non-responders unnecessary morbidities and costs. Here, we introduce three-dimensional (3D) dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) perfusion map characterization as inexpensive, bedside and longitudinal ind...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63810-1
更新日期:2020-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::The lack of a marker of epileptogenesis is an unmet medical need, not only from the clinical perspective but also from the point of view of the pre-clinical research. Indeed, the lack of this kind of marker affects the investigations on the mechanisms of epileptogenesis as well as the development of novel therapeutic ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep31129
更新日期:2016-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease experience dyspnea during unsupported arm exercise (UAE). We examined the respiratory variables in during a hair-washing motion for healthy young people requiring the UAE to find the effects across gender, motion, and speed. In this study, 33 healthy...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69945-5
更新日期:2020-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::We discover and characterise strong quantum scars, or quantum eigenstates resembling classical periodic orbits, in two-dimensional quantum wells perturbed by local impurities. These scars are not explained by ordinary scar theory, which would require the existence of short, moderately unstable periodic orbits in the p...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep37656
更新日期:2016-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::We study stochastic particle systems made up of heterogeneous units. We introduce a general framework suitable to analytically study this kind of systems and apply it to two particular models of interest in economy and epidemiology. We show that particle heterogeneity can enhance or decrease the size of the collective...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep01189
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enrofloxacin-loaded docosanoic acid solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with different physicochemical properties were developed to enhance activity against intracellular Salmonella. Their cellular uptake, intracellular elimination and antibacterial activity were studied in RAW 264.7 cells. During the experimental period...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep41104
更新日期:2017-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Knockdown and mortality of adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, were assessed after exposure to two contact insecticides, chlorfenapyr and cyfluthrin, on a concrete surface. Individuals were rated on a scale for knockdown of ex...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78982-z
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) or restriction-site associated DNA marker sequencing (RAD-seq) is a practical and cost-effective method for analysing large genomes from high diversity species. This method of sequencing, coupled with methylation-sensitive enzymes (often referred to as methylation-sensitive restriction e...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19655-w
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of well-vascularised, endosteal bone in the medullary region of long bones of nonavian dinosaurs has been invoked as being homologous to medullary bone, a specialised bone tissue formed during ovulation in birds. However, similar bone tissues can result as a pathological response in modern birds and in no...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep24858
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed the compositions of boron-carbon system, in which the [Formula: see text] compound is identified as structural stability at high pressure. The first-principles calculation is used to identify the phase diagram, electronic structure, and superconductivity of [Formula: see text]. Our results have demons...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75049-x
更新日期:2020-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease associated with aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) in neuronal cells and manifests as motor neuron dysfunction &muscle atrophy. The carboxyl-terminal prion-like domain of TDP-43 can aggregate in vitro into toxic β-sheet rich amylo...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep39490
更新日期:2016-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding past human settlement of inhospitable regions is one of the most intriguing puzzles in archaeological research, with implications for more sustainable use of marginal regions today. During the Byzantine period in the 4th century CE, large settlements were established in the arid region of the Negev Deser...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58360-5
更新日期:2020-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50846-1
更新日期:2019-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Gentamicin may cause acute kidney injury. The pathogenesis of gentamicin nephrotoxicity is unclear. Autophagy is a highly conserved physiological process involved in removing damaged or aged biological macromolecules and organelles from the cytoplasm. The role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of gentamicin nephrotoxic...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep11256
更新日期:2015-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Ferroelectric-relaxor behavior of Ba(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 nanofibers (BZT NF) with a large aspect ratio were prepared via electrospinning and surface modified by PVP as dielectric fillers. The nanocomposite flexible films based on surface modified BZT NF and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were fabricated via a solution casti...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep26198
更新日期:2016-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Several mosquito species have been described as vectors for the Zika virus (ZIKV), such as those in the Aedes, Anopheles, Mansonia and Culex genera. Our previous survey studies were found the ZIKV RNA positive in both male, female and larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes collected fro...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41727-8
更新日期:2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::The chloride gradient plays an important role in regulating cell volume, membrane potential, pH, secretion, and the reversal potential of inhibitory glycine and GABAA receptors. Measurement of intracellular chloride activity, [Formula: see text], using liquid membrane ion-selective microelectrodes (ISM), however, has ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-54885-6
更新日期:2019-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most deadly of the gynecological cancers. New approaches and better tools for monitoring treatment efficacy and disease progression of EOC are required. In this study, metabolomics using rapid resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was applied to a systematic investig...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep23334
更新日期:2016-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Seeing with two eyes usually helps one respond faster. Here we show that with ambiguous stimuli, binocular viewing can paradoxically slow down reaction time. This is explained by the observers basing their decision on a noisy neuronal representation within the visual system, with the added noise breaking the symmetry ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep16799
更新日期:2015-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic syndrome, including obesity and insulin resistance, has been reported to lower lung function in elderly subjects with asthma or chronic obstructive lung disease. This study aimed to find the association between lung function and insulin resistance in Korean young adults. This study used data from the Korean ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11337-3
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-18707-x
更新日期:2018-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Three-dimensionally (3D) porous morphology of nanostructures can effectively improve their electrocatalytic activity and durability for various electrochemical reactions owing to big surface area and interconnected structure. Cyanogel, a jelly-like inorganic polymer, can be used to synthesize various three-dimensional...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep07619
更新日期:2015-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::As a human fungal pathogen, Candida albicans can cause a wide variety of disease conditions ranging from superficial to systemic infections. Many of these infections are caused by an inherent ability of the pathogen to form biofilms on medical devices resulting in high mortality. Biofilms formed by C. albicans are a c...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep31124
更新日期:2016-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiogram profile of 1590 clinical bacterial isolates based on thirteen different antimicrobial compounds showed that 1.6% of the bacterial isolates are multidrug resistant. Distribution pattern based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa constituted the largest group (83.6%) followed by B...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep23156
更新日期:2016-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Transgenic expression of I-E molecules prevents diabetes in NOD mice. So far, the precise role of these non-classical MHC II molecules remains elusive. Here, we showed that transgenic expression of I-E(k) alpha 16 molecule in NOD mice selectively reduced Th17 cells in the thymus and pancreatic draining lymph nodes. Th...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep12941
更新日期:2015-08-07 00:00:00