Abstract：
:Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is a high affinity cholesterol- and drug-binding protein highly expressed in steroidogenic cells, such as Leydig cells, where it plays a role in cholesterol mitochondrial transport. We have previously shown that TSPO is expressed in postnatal day 3 rat gonocytes, precursors of spermatogonial stem cells. Gonocytes undergo regulated phases of proliferation and migration, followed by retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation. Understanding these processes is important since their disruption may lead to the formation of carcinoma in situ, a precursor of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs). Previously, we showed that TSPO ligands do not regulate gonocyte proliferation. In the present study, we found that TSPO expression is downregulated in differentiating gonocytes. Similarly, in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells, a mouse TGCT cell line with embryonic stem cell properties, there is a significant decrease in TSPO expression during RA-induced differentiation. Silencing TSPO expression in gonocytes increased the stimulatory effect of RA on the expression of the differentiation marker Stra8, suggesting that TSPO exerts a repressive role on differentiation. Furthermore, in normal human testes, TSPO was located not only in Leydig cells, but also in discrete spermatogenic phases such as the forming acrosome of round spermatids. By contrast, seminomas, the most common type of TGCT, presented high levels of TSPO mRNA. TSPO protein was expressed in the cytoplasmic compartment of seminoma cells, identified by their nuclear expression of the transcription factors OCT4 and AP2G. Thus, TSPO appears to be tightly regulated during germ cell differentiation, and to be deregulated in seminomas, suggesting a role in germ cell development and pathology.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Manku G,Culty Mdoi
10.3390/ijms17091486subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-06 00:00:00issue
9issn
1422-0067pii
ijms17091486journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease in which prolonged, non-resolutive inflammation of the lung may lead to metabolic and neuroendocrine dysfunction. Previous studies have reported that individuals coursing pulmonary TB experience cognitive or behavioural changes; however, the pathogenic substrate of suc...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21249483
更新日期：2020-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a multifunctional factor in acceleration of cell proliferation, differentiation and transference, and therefore widely used in clinical applications. In this study, expression vector pWX-Nt03 harboring a codon-optimized bFGF gene was constructed and introduced into the tobacco ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17010019
更新日期：2015-12-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was performed to investigate the effects of chronic administration of nonylphenol (NP) on the expression of inflammation-related genes in the brains of mice. NP was given orally by gavages at 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/d. The expression of inflammatory enzymes, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) a...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms9101977
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past 10 years, it has become increasingly evident that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystem disease that affects multiple extra-hepatic organ systems and interacts with the regulation of several metabolic and immunological pathways. In this review we discuss the rapidly expanding body of ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17020217
更新日期：2016-02-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The life of any living organism can be defined as a hurdle due to different kind of stresses. As with all living organisms, plants are exposed to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures and chemical toxicity. These primary stresses are often interconnected, and lead to the overproduct...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms13044458
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Placental homeostasis of tryptophan is essential for fetal development and programming. The two main metabolic pathways (serotonin and kynurenine) produce bioactive metabolites with immunosuppressive, neurotoxic, or neuroprotective properties and their concentrations in the fetoplacental unit must be tightly regulated...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21207578
更新日期：2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the first metabolite in the heme biosynthesis pathway in humans. In addition to the end product heme, this pathway also produces other porphyrin metabolites. Protoporphyrin (PpIX) is one heme precursor porphyrin with good fluorescence and photosensitizing activity. Because tumors and other...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms161025865
更新日期：2015-10-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrinsically disordered proteins mediate crucial biological functions through their interactions with other proteins. Mutual synergistic folding (MSF) occurs when all interacting proteins are disordered, folding into a stable structure in the course of the complex formation. In these cases, the folding and binding pr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20215460
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kidney plays a primary role in maintaining homeostasis and detoxification of numerous hydrophilic xenobiotics as well as endogenous compounds. Because the kidney is exposed to a larger proportion and higher concentration of drugs and toxins than other organs through the secretion of ionic drugs by tubular organic ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17111826
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intestinal barrier function is required for the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis. Barrier dysfunction is thought to promote progression of both intestinal and systemic diseases. In many cases, this barrier loss reflects increased permeability of the paracellular tight junction as a consequence of myosin light chain ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21030993
更新日期：2020-02-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The consumption of polyphenols has frequently been associated with low incidence of degenerative diseases. Most of these natural antioxidants come from fruits, vegetables, spices, grains and herbs. For this reason, there has been increasing interest in identifying plant extract compounds. Polymeric tannins and monomer...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms151120382
更新日期：2014-11-06 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fisetin (3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a dietary flavonol and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. However, high concentration of fisetin is reported to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cause cytotoxicity in cancer cel...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18040852
更新日期：2017-04-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Fertility preservation for prepubertal boys relies exclusively on cryopreservation of immature testicular tissue (ITT) containing spermatogonia as the only cells with reproductive potential. Preclinical studies that used a nude mice model to evaluate the development of human transplanted ITT were characterized by impo...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20235833
更新日期：2019-11-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising therapy to improve vascular repair, yet their role in ischemic retinopathy is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of modulating the neurotrophin receptor; p75NTR on the vascular protection of MSCs in an acute model of retinal ischemia/r...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms22020829
更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the effect and mechanism of tamoxifen (TAM)-induced steatosis in vitro. HepG 2 (Human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line) cells were treated with different concentrations of TAM for 72 h. Steatosis of hepatocytes was determined after Oil Red O staining and measurement of tr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms15034019
更新日期：2014-03-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Chondral or osteochondral defects are still controversial problems in orthopedics. Here, chondrocytes labeled with magnetic nanoparticles were cultivated on a biphasic, type II collagen-chitosan/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold in an attempt to develop cultures with trackable cells exhibiting growth, differentia...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18010087
更新日期：2017-01-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Scaffolds made of biodegradable biomaterials are widely used to guide bone regeneration. Commonly, in vitro assessment of scaffolds' osteogenesis potential has been performed predominantly in monoculture settings. Hence, this study evaluated the potential of an unstimulated, growth factor-free co-culture system compri...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20051068
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pigment nephropathy is an acute decline in renal function following the deposition of endogenous haem-containing proteins in the kidneys. Haem pigments such as myoglobin and haemoglobin are filtered by glomeruli and absorbed by the proximal tubules. They cause renal vasoconstriction, tubular obstruction, increased oxi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20081997
更新日期：2019-04-23 00:00:00
abstract：:An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) plays a key role in controlling endothelial functions; however, it is still unclear whether endothelial Ca2+ handling is altered by type 2 diabetes mellitus, which results in severe endothelial dysfunction. Herein, we analyzed for the first time the Ca2+ respon...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21010250
更新日期：2019-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, leptin has been demonstrated to perform important roles in many physiological activities and to influence development, growth, metabolism and reproduction. However, in fish, its function is still unclear. Duplicate leptin genes, leptin-a and leptin-b, have been identified in the orange-spotted grouper. In ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms150711996
更新日期：2014-07-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Idiopathic osteoporosis and nephrolithiasis are formidable health problems showing a progressive increase in their incidence and prevalence in the last decades. These temporal trends were observed in both pediatric and adult populations worldwide. Epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that both disorders s...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21218183
更新日期：2020-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:The fat body plays key roles in energy storage and utilization as well as biosynthetic and metabolic activities in insects. During metamorphosis from larva to pupa, the fat body undergoes dramatic changes in morphology and metabolic processes. However, the genetic basis underlying these changes has not been completely...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19113525
更新日期：2018-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Several cellular insults can result in sperm DNA fragmentation either on one or both DNA strands. Oxidative damage, premature interruption of the apoptotic process and defects in DNA compaction during spermatogenesis are the main mechanisms that cause DNA breaks in sperm. The two-tailed Comet assay is the only techniq...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21113882
更新日期：2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Human Ribonuclease 6 is a secreted protein belonging to the ribonuclease A (RNaseA) superfamily, a vertebrate specific family suggested to arise with an ancestral host defense role. Tissue distribution analysis revealed its expression in innate cell types, showing abundance in monocytes and neutrophils. Recent evidenc...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17040552
更新日期：2016-04-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Effect of H2O and NH3 on the synergistic oxidation reaction of SO2 and NO2 is investigated by theoretical calculation using the molecule system SO2-2NO2-nH2O (n = 0, 1, 2, 3) and SO2-2NO2-nH2O-mNH3 (n = 0, 1, 2; m = 1, 2). Calculated results show that SO2 is oxidized to SO3 by N2O4 intermediate. The additional H2O in ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20153746
更新日期：2019-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to the central role of liver tissue in partitioning and metabolizing of nutrients, molecular liver-specific alterations are of considerable interest to characterize an efficient conversion and usage of feed in livestock. To deduce tissue-specific and systemic effects on nutrient metabolism and feed efficiency (FE)...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18081674
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the genetic alteration of CUB and Sushi multiple domains 1 (CSMD1) is known to be associated with poor prognosis in several cancers, there is a lack of clinical relevance in head and neck cancer. The aim of this study was to offer insight into the clinical significance of CSMD1, utilizing a multimodal approac...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19123996
更新日期：2018-12-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and thus better understanding of its molecular pathology is crucial for us to devise more effective treatment of this deadly disease. As cancer cell line remains a convenient starting point for discovery and proof-of-concept studies, here ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20184473
更新日期：2019-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is on the cusp of permitting the direct fabrication of artificial living tissue. Multicellular building blocks (bioinks) are dispensed layer by layer and scaled for the target construct. However, only a few materials are able to fulfill the considerable requirements for suitable bioi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17121976
更新日期：2016-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:An ongoing challenge in functional epigenomics is to develop tools for precise manipulation of epigenetic marks. These tools would allow moving from correlation-based to causal-based findings, a necessary step to reach conclusions on mechanistic principles. In this review, we describe and discuss the advantages and li...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms22020512
更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00
