Abstract:
:Choosing an option increases a person's preference for that option. This phenomenon, called choice-based learning (CBL), has been investigated separately in the contexts of internally guided decision-making (IDM, e.g., preference judgment), for which no objectively correct answer exists, and externally guided decision making (EDM, e.g., perceptual decision making), for which one objectively correct answer exists. For the present study, we compared decision making of these two types to examine differences of underlying neural processes of CBL. As IDM and EDM tasks, occupation preference judgment and salary judgment were used, respectively. To compare CBL for the two types of decision making, we developed a novel measurement of CBL: decision consistency. When CBL occurs, decision consistency is higher in the last-half trials than in first-half trials. Electroencephalography (EEG) data have demonstrated that the change of decision consistency is positively correlated with the fronto-central beta-gamma power after response in the first-half trials for IDM, but not for EDM. Those results demonstrate for the first time the difference of CBL between IDM and EDM. The fronto-central beta-gamma power is expected to reflect a key process of CBL, specifically for IDM.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Nakao T,Kanayama N,Katahira K,Odani M,Ito Y,Hirata Y,Nasuno R,Ozaki H,Hiramoto R,Miyatani M,Northoff Gdoi
10.1038/srep32477subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-31 00:00:00pages
32477issn
2045-2322pii
srep32477journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Milk is a major food of global economic importance, and its consumption is regarded as a classic example of gene-culture evolution. Humans have exploited animal milk as a food resource for at least 8500 years, but the origins, spread, and scale of dairying remain poorly understood. Indirect lines of evidence, such as ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep07104
更新日期:2014-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Since temperature is a key factor affecting photosynthetic and respiration rates, the rates of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) are expected to be lower for rivers at higher latitudes, while the net ecosystem production (NEP) rate likely decrease in rivers at lower latitude due to higher s...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41427-3
更新日期:2019-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::The hitherto difficult task of reliably estimating populations of wide-ranging megafauna has been enabled by advances in capture-recapture methodology. Here we combine photographic sampling with a Bayesian spatially-explicit capture-recapture (SCR) model to estimate population parameters for the endangered Asian eleph...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44795-y
更新日期:2019-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Most of the artificial low-pressure plasmas contact with physical walls in laboratories; the plasma loss at the wall significantly affects the plasma device performance, e.g., an electric propulsion device. Near the surface of the wall, ions are spontaneously accelerated by a sheath and deliver their momentum and ener...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58022-6
更新日期:2020-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Rice bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a major rice disease. In Taiwan, the tropical indica type of Oryza sativa originally grown in this area is mix-cultivated with the temperate japonica type of O. sativa, and this might have led to adaptive changes of both rice host and Xoo isolates....
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36575-x
更新日期:2019-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::A large volcanic sulfate increase observed in ice core records around 1450 C.E. has been attributed in previous studies to a volcanic eruption from the submarine Kuwae caldera in Vanuatu. Both EPMA-WDS (electron microprobe analysis using a wavelength dispersive spectrometer) and SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscopy a...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50939-x
更新日期:2019-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::The cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) is a conserved family of divalent d-block metal cation transporters that extrude these cations selectively from the cytoplasm. CDF proteins are composed of two domains: the transmembrane domain, through which the cations are transported, and a regulatory cytoplasmic C-terminal do...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71036-4
更新日期:2020-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Depressive disorder (DD) is a mental illness affecting more than 300 million people worldwide, whereas social stigma and subtle, variant symptoms impede diagnosis. Psychomotor retardation is a common component of DD with a negative impact on motor function, usually reflected on patients' routine activities, including,...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50002-9
更新日期:2019-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::The alveolar echinococcosis of human is a severe helminthic disease caused by the larva of Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworms. Novel compounds or therapy strategies for the treatment of alveolar echinococcosis are urgently needed due to the limitation of the widely used albendazole. Magnetic microspheres as drug ca...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69484-z
更新日期:2020-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::Identification of low-abundance, low-molecular-weight native peptides using non-tryptic plasma has long remained an unmet challenge, leaving potential bioactive/biomarker peptides undiscovered. We have succeeded in efficiently removing high-abundance plasma proteins to enrich and comprehensively identify low-molecular...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79353-4
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Risk stratification is crucial in prevention. Circulating microRNAs have been proposed as biomarkers in cardiovascular disease. Here a miR panel consisting of miRs related to different cardiovascular pathophysiologies, was evaluated to predict outcome in the context of prevention. MiR-34a, miR-223, miR-378, miR-499 an...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04040-w
更新日期:2017-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Bee-pollinated plants face a dilemma in that bees both passively transport pollen grains among conspecific flowers and actively collect pollen to feed their larvae. Therefore, mechanisms that reduce pollen collection by bees have evolved in melittophilous plants. Malvaceae pollen is uncollectable for corbiculate bees ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41262-6
更新日期:2019-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Prediction of infection trends, estimating the efficacy of contact tracing, testing or impact of influx of infected are of vital importance for administration during an ongoing epidemic. Most effective methods currently are empirical in nature and their relation to parameters of interest to administrators are not evid...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73308-5
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial cells (ECs) are major modulators of hemostasis by expressing and releasing pro- and anticoagulant mediators into the circulation. Previous studies showed that cultured ECs release procoagulant mediators into cell culture supernatants as evidenced by the reduction of viscoelastic clotting time. This effect ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03159-0
更新日期:2017-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Predictive coding theory suggests that predictable responses are "explained away" (i.e., reduced) by feedback. Experimental evidence for feedback inhibition, however, is inconsistent: most neuroimaging studies show reduced activity by predictive feedback, while neurophysiology indicates that most inter-areal cortical ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep22944
更新日期:2016-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Organ regenerative therapy aims to reproduce fully functional organs to replace organs that have been lost or damaged as a result of disease, injury, or aging. For the fully functional regeneration of ectodermal organs, a concept has been proposed in which a bioengineered organ is developed by reproducing the embryoni...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep00424
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease that is associated with the destruction of immune tolerance and activation of B cells. Interleukin (IL)-35 and IL-35-producing (IL-35+) regulatory B cells (Bregs) have been demonstrated to possess immunosuppressive functions, but their roles in t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49748-z
更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::DNA focused panel sequencing has been rapidly adopted to assess therapeutic targets in advanced/refractory cancer. Integrated Genomic Profiling (IGP) utilising DNA/RNA with tumour/normal comparisons in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) compliant setting enables a single assay to provide: therapeutic ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-016-0021-4
更新日期:2016-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluating and tuning the properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials is a major focus of advancing 2D science and technology. While many claim that the photonic properties of a 2D layer provide evidence that the material is "high quality", this may not be true for electronic performance. In this work, we deconvolute...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16970-6
更新日期:2017-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Fermentation is the key process to produce the special color of congou black tea. The machine vision technology is applied to detect the color space changes of black tea's color in RGB, Lab and HSV, and to find out its relevance to black tea's fermentation quality. And then the color feature parameter is used as input...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28767-2
更新日期:2018-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophysiological recordings in cortex in vivo have revealed a rich variety of dynamical regimes ranging from irregular asynchronous states to a diversity of synchronized states, depending on species, anesthesia, and external stimulation. The average population firing rate in these states is typically low. We study...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12033-y
更新日期:2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Although the effects of osteoporosis on the skeleton are well studied, site-specific and long-term studies on the mandible are still lacking. This study investigated the time-course changes of the bone microarchitecture in the mandibular condyle in comparison to the corresponding changes in the alveolar bone, body of ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50554-w
更新日期:2019-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic stroke and diabetes are vascular risk factors for the development of impaired memory such as dementia and/or Alzheimer's disease. Clinical studies have demonstrated that minor striatal ischemic lesions in combination with β-amyloid (Aβ) load are critical in generating cognitive deficits. These cognitive defic...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22985-4
更新日期:2018-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::We used Mendelian randomization to estimate the causal effects of the liver enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT), on diabetes and cardiovascular disease, using genetic variants predicting these liver enzymes at genome wide significance applied to exten...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep38813
更新日期:2016-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine, are promising anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of Diabetes mellitus (DM) to prevent associated complications. Therefore, this study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of CQ-free and CQ-incorporated polylactic acid nanoparticles (NPs) in the peripheral blood mononu...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69001-2
更新日期:2020-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid dilation of retinal vessels in response to flickering light (functional hyperemia) is a well-known autoregulatory response driven by increased neural activity in the inner retina. Little is known about flicker-induced changes of activity of retinal neurons themselves. We non-invasively investigated flicker-induc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-54930-4
更新日期:2019-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was the preparation, characterization and application of high-performance activated carbons (ACs) derived from oily sludge through chemical activation by KOH. The produced ACs were characterized using iodine number, N2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55794-4
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Human activating signal cointegrator homology (ASCH) domain-containing proteins are widespread and diverse but, at present, the vast majority of those proteins have no function assigned to them. This study demonstrates that the 103-amino acid Escherichia coli protein YqfB, previously identified as hypothetical, is a u...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-57664-w
更新日期:2020-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::DNA methylation-based biological age (DNAm age), as well as genome-wide average DNA methylation, have been reported to predict breast cancer risk. We aimed to investigate the associations between these DNA methylation-based risk factors and 18 conventional breast cancer risk factors for disease-free women. A sample of...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51475-4
更新日期:2019-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer vaccines are less effective at old than at young age because of immunosenescence. Besides, in preliminary observations we showed that the immunization with HER-2/neu DNA plasmid in transgenic young mice (standard immunization, SI) delays but not abrogate spontaneous mammary tumours progressively appearing durin...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03286-8
更新日期:2017-06-08 00:00:00