Abstract:
:We review radiation therapy (RT) options available for prostate cancer, including external beam (EBRT; with conventional fractionation, hypofractionation, stereotactic body RT [SBRT]) and brachytherapy (BT), with an emphasis on the outcomes, toxicities, and contraindications for therapies. PICOS/PRISMA methods were used to identify published English-language comparative studies on PubMed (from 1980 to 2015) that included men treated on prospective studies with a primary endpoint of patient outcomes, with ⩾70 patients, and ⩾5year median follow up. Twenty-six studies met inclusion criteria; of these, 16 used EBRT, and 10 used BT. Long-term freedom from biochemical failure (FFBF) rates were roughly equivalent between conventional and hypofractionated RT with intensity modulation (evidence level 1B), with 10-year FFBF rates of 45-90%, 40-60%, and 20-50% (for low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively). SBRT had promising rates of BF, with shorter follow-up (5-year FFBF of >90% for low-risk patients). Similarly, BT (5-year FFBF for low-, intermediate-, and high-risk patients have generally been >85%, 69-97%, 63-80%, respectively) and BT+EBRT were appropriate in select patients (evidence level 1B). Differences in overall survival, distant metastasis, and cancer specific mortality (5-year rates: 82-97%, 1-14%, 0-8%, respectively) have not been detected in randomized trials of dose escalation or in studies comparing RT modalities. Studies did not use patient-reported outcomes, through Grade 3-4 toxicities were rare (<5%) among all modalities. There was limited evidence available to compare proton therapy to other modalities. The treatment decision for a man is usually based on his risk group, ability to tolerate the procedure, convenience for the patient, and the anticipated impact on quality of life. To further personalize therapy, future trials should report (1) race; (2) medical comorbidities; (3) psychiatric comorbidities; (4) insurance status; (5) education status; (6) marital status; (7) income; (8) sexual orientation; and (9) facility-related characteristics.
journal_name
Cancer Treat Revjournal_title
Cancer treatment reviewsauthors
Zaorsky NG,Shaikh T,Murphy CT,Hallman MA,Hayes SB,Sobczak ML,Horwitz EMdoi
10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.06.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-01 00:00:00pages
50-60eissn
0305-7372issn
1532-1967pii
S0305-7372(16)30045-7journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role in progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Despite the recent progress in targeting persistent AR activity with the next-generation hormonal therapies (abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide), resistance to these agents limits therapeutic effica...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
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doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.12.003
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abstract::Rituximab, a human/mouse chimeric anti-CD20 antibody, has become part of standard therapy for patients with CD20-expressing B-cell lymphoma, and is currently under investigation for other indications including autoimmune diseases, in particular rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Its characteristic tolerability profile was est...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2005.05.007
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Dysphagia is a debilitating complication in head and neck cancer patients (HNCPs) that may cause a high mortality rate for aspiration pneumonia. The aims of this paper were to summarize the normal swallowing mechanism focusing on its anatomo-physiology, to review the relevant literature in order to identify the...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.04.002
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fulvestrant is a selective estrogen receptor downregulator, behaving as a complete antagonist. It was initially approved, at a dose of 250 mg, to treat hormone dependant breast cancer in second line setting. However, a series of pharmacological and pre-clinical studies have suggested that a higher dose of 500 mg may b...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.06.003
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metastatic melanoma is an incurable condition with a median survival of about 6 months. Chemotherapy can result in objective tumour responses but only in a minority of cases and remissions are short-lived, 3-6 months. DTJC is the most active single agent with response rates of 15-20% and although combination chemother...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/ctrv.1999.0138
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prognosis of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma is still poor nowadays. Gemcitabine in monotherapy (30-min infusion) has been the standard of treatment during the last decade, and many clinical trials have failed to demonstrate an improvement in overall survival (OS) with the addition of different drugs to gemcita...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2008.11.007
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The second decade of 2000s is witnessing a new ovarian cancer (OC) paradigm shift thanks to the results recently obtained by a new class of targeted agents: the Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP)-Inhibitors (PARPi). Aim of this meta-analysis is to analyze available results obtained with PARPi, administered al...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102040
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To provide an updated review of adverse events associated with sunitinib, pazopanib, bevacizumab, temsirolimus, axitinib, everolimus and sorafenib and their management. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We performed a PubMed and Cochrane-based review of side effects associated with the seven agents including product mo...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.12.006
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to advances in chemotherapy and supportive care, greater than 70% of patients with childhood cancer will survive 5 years. However, there are long-term physiological and psychological sequelae of these treatments that may not manifest until pediatric survivors are into adulthood. Various studies done in the long-te...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.02.014
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite recent progress in the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the management of women with breast cancer, at least one third of these women will ultimately die from their disease. This resulted in a new focus on breast cancer prevention, especially for the woman designed as "high-risk". The continuing challe...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0305-7372(02)00107-x
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abstract::Microtubule stabilization by chemotherapy is a powerful weapon in the war against cancer. Disruption of the mitotic spindle activates a number of signaling pathways, with consequences that may protect the cell or lead to its death via apoptosis. Taxol, the first microtubule stabilizing drug to be identified, has been ...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2006.01.004
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the initially high response rate to standard front-line debulking surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, the relapse rate in ovarian cancer is high and many patients will recur within 6 months of completing platinum based treatment. These patients may still require further chemotherapy despite being ...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.04.004
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in RNA delivery and target selection provide unprecedented opportunities for cancer treatment, especially for cancers that are particularly hard to treat with existing drugs. Small interfering RNAs, microRNAs, and antisense oligonucleotides are the most widely used strategies for silencing gene express...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.08.004
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas first-line chemotherapy (CT) with single-agent gemcitabine or gemcitabine-based combinations provides a proven benefit in patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC), the role of salvage CT after gemcitabine-failure is not well-established and to date no regimen has emerged as preferred...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2009.08.012
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and Europe. The natural ageing of the population as well as the continued and widespread use of diagnostic tests such as prostate specific antigen (PSA), has led to an increase in the numbers of men diagnosed with localised prostate...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0305-7372(03)00096-3
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to differences in anatomy, primary rectal and colon cancer require different staging procedures, different neo-adjuvant treatment and different surgical approaches. For example, neoadjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is administered solely for rectal cancer. Neoadjuvant therapy and total mesorectal excision...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.06.007
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 1% of women in the United States will be diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) during their lifetime. It is most likely to present at a more advanced stage, requiring aggressive therapeutic measures, and most women will succumb to this illness. Due to advancements in therapy, the oncology commun...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.06.001
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surgery has been considered the standard of care in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as in some cases of stage III, for a long time. Poor survival after complete resection has led to the search for new therapeutic strategies such as combining anticancer treatments. However, at the ...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/ctrv.2001.0218
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metastatic cervical carcinoma from unknown primary is a metastatic disease in the lymph nodes of the neck without any evidence of a primary tumour after appropriate investigation. The condition is rare and definite evidence is lacking for both diagnosis and treatment. In this review of the literature, we tried to draw...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.11.014
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the biggest cancer killer in the United States and worldwide. In 2011, there are estimated to be 221,130 new cases of lung cancer in the United States. Over a million people will die of lung cancer worldwide this year alone. When possible, surgery to remove the tumor is the best t...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.11.008
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) are radiation planning and delivery techniques used for the treatment of intracranial and spine/spinal cord tumors and targets. For cranial SRS and SRT, critical normal tissues/structures include the brainstem, cranial...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.04.004
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with advanced cancer often develop bone metastases that lead to significant skeletal morbidity and substantially reduced functionality and autonomy [Coleman RE, Rubens RD. Bone metastases. In: Clinical Oncology, 2nd edn. New York: Churchill Livingstone. 2004, p. 1091-128]. As current methods of diagnosing bon...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0305-7372(06)80001-0
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Targeted therapies have unique toxicity profiles. Common adverse events include rash, diarrhea, hypertension, hypothyroidism, proteinuria, depigmentation, and hepatotoxicity. Some of these toxicities are caused by on-target, mechanism-associated effects, which can be stratified as to whether or not the targets are rel...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2014.05.003
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The technique of sentinel node biopsy (SNB) presents a great opportunity to reduce the morbidity of surgical treatment of breast cancer. Using either dye, isotope or a combination, after completing a learning process a sensitivity of 80-99% may be achieved. Most surgeons would aim for a sensitivity of 95% but this wil...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/ctrv.2002.0251
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone-seeking radionuclides, such as Sr-89, Sm-153, and Re-186, have been shown to have an effect on pain from bone metastasis in prostate cancer. The effect on bone pain in other cancer types, including breast cancer, remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to perform a systematic review of the use of radioisoto...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.05.008
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two regimens were tested, CHAP I and CHAP II, the latter, a hexamethylmelamine dosage-intensive regimen, first as second line (salvage) therapy and then as primary therapy. Both produced the most successful results achieved in the Mount Sinai series up to the time of their introduction, when compared to their predeces...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0305-7372(91)90025-u
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer is evolving and subsequent adjuvant systemic treatment is mainly based on the presence of the Estrogen (ER) receptor, Progesterone (PR) receptor and Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2) status on the core needle biopsy prior to treatment. It is not well known...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.11.006
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bladder cancer is one of the leading causes of death in Europe and the United States. About 25% of patients with bladder cancer have advanced disease (muscle-invasive or metastatic disease) at presentation and are candidates for systemic chemotherapy. In the setting of metastatic disease, use of cisplatin-based regime...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.09.018
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), fluorouracil-based combination therapy with oxaliplatin or irinotecan is the mainstay of first-line treatment. Patient survival has been significantly improved with the introduction of monoclonal antibodies against VEGF (bevacizumab), VEGFR2 (ramucirumab) or EGFR (cetuximab or p...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.10.006
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last few years, several drugs targeting signalling proteins critical for melanoma entered clinical evaluation. In 2011 vemurafenib (Zelboraf®, F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd.) was approved for BRAF V600-positive melanoma and showed high overall response rates (48-53%). However recent results from a phase II clinical t...
journal_title:Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.10.006
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00