Steady-state electrophoresis: a technique for measuring physical properties of macro-ions.

abstract：:Clostridium difficile, a causative agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and its potentially lethal form, pseudomembranous colitis, produces two large protein toxins that are responsible for the cellular damage associated with the disease. The level of toxin production appears to be critical for determining the seve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mani N,Dupuy B

更新日期：2001-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:During vertebrate cytokinesis it is thought that contractile ring constriction is driven by nonmuscle myosin II (NM II) translocation of antiparallel actin filaments. Here we report in situ, in vitro, and in vivo observations that challenge this hypothesis. Graded knockdown of NM II in cultured COS-7 cells reveals tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma X,Kovács M,Conti MA,Wang A,Zhang Y,Sellers JR,Adelstein RS

更新日期：2012-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of messages initiated by one receptor on the covalent modification of a second receptor were studied by use of a technique for rapidly separating the receptors. Methylation of the bacterial-chemotactic serine receptor increases as a result of aspartate binding to the aspartate receptor. The aspartate-induc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sanders DA,Koshland DE Jr

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on structural information derived from the F NMR data of labeled rhodopsins, rhodopsin crystal structure, and excited-state properties of model polyenes, we propose a molecular mechanism that accounts specifically for the causes of the well-known enhanced photoreactivity of rhodopsin (increased rates and quantum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu RS,Colmenares LU

更新日期：2003-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Dihydropteridine reductase (EC 1.6.99.7) is a member of the recently identified family of proteins known as short-chain dehydrogenases. When the x-ray structure of dihydropteridine reductase is correlated with conserved amino acid sequences characteristic of this enzyme class, two important common structural regions c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Varughese KI,Xuong NH,Kiefer PM,Matthews DA,Whiteley JM

更新日期：1994-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a hallmark of major depressive disorder. A number of studies have shown that this dysregulation is correlated with impaired forebrain glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function. To determine whether a primary, acquired deficit in forebrain GR signaling is an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boyle MP,Brewer JA,Funatsu M,Wozniak DF,Tsien JZ,Izumi Y,Muglia LJ

更新日期：2005-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The alternative adaptive immune system of jawless vertebrates is based on different isotypes of variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) that are composed of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and expressed by distinct B- and T-like lymphocyte lineages. VLRB is expressed by B-like cells, whereas VLRA and VLRC are expressed by tw...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holland SJ,Gao M,Hirano M,Iyer LM,Luo M,Schorpp M,Cooper MD,Aravind L,Mariuzza RA,Boehm T

更新日期：2014-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Seven antigenic variants obtained from a single field isolate of foot-and-mouth disease virus, serotype A12, differ only at residues 148 and 153 in the immunodominant loop of viral protein VP1. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the region 141-160 are highly immunogenic. UV circular dichroism shows that (i) in aqueou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： France LL,Piatti PG,Newman JF,Toth I,Gibbons WA,Brown F

更新日期：1994-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Genes that are unexpressed in somatic cells have been activated by injecting cultured cell nuclei of the frog Xenopus laevis into oocytes of the newt Pleurodeles waltlii. The genes that were activated are normally expressed in oocytes but not in cultured cells. Conversely, genes that are normally expressed in cultured...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Robertis EM,Gurdon JB

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current understanding of the integration of cell division and expansion in the development of plant lateral organs such as leaves is limited. Cell number is established during a mitotic phase, and subsequent growth into a mature organ relies primarily on cell expansion accompanied by endocycles. Here we show that the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dewitte W,Scofield S,Alcasabas AA,Maughan SC,Menges M,Braun N,Collins C,Nieuwland J,Prinsen E,Sundaresan V,Murray JA

更新日期：2007-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Reelin is a key mediator of ordered neuronal alignment in the brain. Here, we demonstrate that Reelin molecules assemble with each other to form a huge protein complex both in vitro and in vivo. The Reelin-Reelin interaction clearly is inhibited by the function-blocking anti-Reelin antibody, CR-50, at a concentration ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Utsunomiya-Tate N,Kubo K,Tate S,Kainosho M,Katayama E,Nakajima K,Mikoshiba K

更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The preservation of our cultural heritage is of great importance to future generations. Despite this, significant problems have arisen with the conservation of waterlogged wooden artifacts. Three major issues facing conservators are structural instability on drying, biological degradation, and chemical degradation on ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walsh Z,Janeček ER,Hodgkinson JT,Sedlmair J,Koutsioubas A,Spring DR,Welch M,Hirschmugl CJ,Toprakcioglu C,Nitschke JR,Jones M,Scherman OA

更新日期：2014-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC) comprises 3 components: HOIP, HOIL-1, and Sharpin, of which HOIP and HOIL-1 are both members of the RBR subfamily of E3 ubiquitin ligases. HOIP catalyses the formation of Met1-linked ubiquitin oligomers (also called linear ubiquitin), but the function of the E3 ligase acti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kelsall IR,Zhang J,Knebel A,Arthur JSC,Cohen P

更新日期：2019-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Transporters in the Golgi apparatus membrane translocate nucleotide sugars from the cytosol into the Golgi lumen before these can be substrates for the glycosylation of proteins, lipids, and proteoglycans. We have cloned the mammalian Golgi membrane transporter for uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine by phenotypic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guillen E,Abeijon C,Hirschberg CB

更新日期：1998-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:cDNA coding for protein C has been cloned from a bovine liver library in plasmid vector pBR322 and its sequence has been determined. Two overlapping clones code for the entire light and heavy chains of the mature protein, as well as a previously unreported connecting dipeptide (Lys-Arg) and a 39-amino acid leader pept...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Long GL,Belagaje RM,MacGillivray RT

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An homologous in vitro assay for yeast nonsense suppressors was used to examine the effect of the cytoplasmically inherited genetic determinant [psi] on the efficiency of in vitro nonsense suppression. The efficiency of all three types of yeast tRNA-mediated nonsense suppressor (ochre, amber, and UGA) is much greater ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tuite MF,Cox BS,McLaughlin CS

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of monoclonal antibodies was used to define three discrete stages of human intrathymic T-cell differentiation. The earliest stage was confined to <10% of thymocytes, which were.reactive with both OKT9 and OKT10. Subsequently, approximately 70% of human thymocytes acquired a thymocyte-restricted antigen, OKT6,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reinherz EL,Kung PC,Goldstein G,Levey RH,Schlossman SF

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in a number of stress granule-associated proteins have been linked to various neurodegenerative diseases. Several of these mutations are found in aggregation-prone prion-like domains (PrLDs) within these proteins. In this work, we examine the sequence features governing PrLD localization to stress granules u...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boncella AE,Shattuck JE,Cascarina SM,Paul KR,Baer MH,Fomicheva A,Lamb AK,Ross ED

更新日期：2020-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene responsible for von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis is related to regulators of ras proteins, and a portion of NF1 that is homologous to the ras GTPase-activating protein (GAP) encodes a similar GTPase-stimulating activity. We have raised rabbit antisera to a bacterially synthe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DeClue JE,Cohen BD,Lowy DR

更新日期：1991-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics and order of rearrangements in the gene complex encoding T-cell-receptor beta chains were studied by Southern blot hybridization in a collection of hybridomas derived from fetal thymocytes at various stages of ontogeny (day 14 to day 17). Our results show a steady increase in the frequency of rearranged b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Born W,Yagüe J,Palmer E,Kappler J,Marrack P

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice with a targeted mutation of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor gene (GIPR) were generated to determine the role of GIP as a mediator of signals from the gut to pancreatic beta cells. GIPR-/- mice have higher blood glucose levels with impaired initial insulin response after oral glucose load. Althou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miyawaki K,Yamada Y,Yano H,Niwa H,Ban N,Ihara Y,Kubota A,Fujimoto S,Kajikawa M,Kuroe A,Tsuda K,Hashimoto H,Yamashita T,Jomori T,Tashiro F,Miyazaki J,Seino Y

更新日期：1999-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The relatively short read lengths associated with the most cost-effective DNA sequencing technologies have limited their use in de novo genome assembly, structural variation detection, and haplotype-resolved genome sequencing. Consequently, there is a strong need for methods that capture various scales of contiguity i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schwartz JJ,Lee C,Hiatt JB,Adey A,Shendure J

更新日期：2012-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation stimulates the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel and enhances its activation by protein kinase A (PKA) through mechanisms that remain poorly understood. We have examined the effects of mutating consensus sequences for PKC phosphorylation and repor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chappe V,Hinkson DA,Howell LD,Evagelidis A,Liao J,Chang XB,Riordan JR,Hanrahan JW

更新日期：2004-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:We have inserted a fourth protein ligand into the zinc coordination polyhedron of carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) that increases metal affinity 200-fold (Kd = 20 fM). The three-dimensional structures of threonine-199-->aspartate (T199D) and threonine-199-->glutamate (T199E) CAIIs, determined by x-ray crystallographic met...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ippolito JA,Baird TT Jr,McGee SA,Christianson DW,Fierke CA

更新日期：1995-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The MAK16 gene was first defined as a gene whose mutation resulted in loss of M1 double-stranded RNA virus-like particles. The mak16-1 mutation also produces temperature-sensitive cell growth. We report here that mak16-1 cells arrest at the nonpermissive temperature in G1 phase, such that they are mating competent. We...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wickner RB

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite nearly four decades of effort, broad inhibition of oncogenic RAS using small-molecule approaches has proven to be a major challenge. Here we describe the development of a pan-RAS biologic inhibitor composed of the RAS-RAP1-specific endopeptidase fused to the protein delivery machinery of diphtheria toxin. We s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vidimar V,Beilhartz GL,Park M,Biancucci M,Kieffer MB,Gius DR,Melnyk RA,Satchell KJF

更新日期：2020-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Translocator protein (TSPO) is a key member of the mitochondrial cholesterol transport complex in steroidogenic tissues. To assess the function of TSPO, we generated two lines of Cre-mediated Tspo conditional knockout (cKO) mice. First, gonadal somatic cell-targeting Amhr2-Cre mice were crossed with Tspo-floxed mice t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fan J,Campioli E,Midzak A,Culty M,Papadopoulos V

更新日期：2015-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Efficient expression of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) genes requires both host and viral proteins and is dependent on DNA sequences in the proviral long terminal repeats (LTRs). We have used DNase I-protection assays (footprinting) to construct a map of protein-DNA interactions over a 250-nucleotide regi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nyborg JK,Dynan WS,Chen IS,Wachsman W

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mast cells (MCs) are potent inflammatory cells that are distributed throughout mucosal barrier tissues and respond rapidly to pathogenic stimuli. During helminth infections, MCs play an important role as late-stage effectors. However, it is currently unknown whether MCs contribute to the early innate events that deter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hepworth MR,Daniłowicz-Luebert E,Rausch S,Metz M,Klotz C,Maurer M,Hartmann S

更新日期：2012-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA triple helices offer new perspectives toward oligonucleotide-directed gene regulation. However, the poor stability of some of these structures might limit their use under physiological conditions. Specific ligands can intercalate into DNA triple helices and stabilize them. Molecular modeling and thermal denaturati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Escudé C,Nguyen CH,Kukreti S,Janin Y,Sun JS,Bisagni E,Garestier T,Hélène C

更新日期：1998-03-31 00:00:00