Abstract：
:The Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe, and especially its sudden withdrawal from Hungary in 1242 CE, has generated much speculation and an array of controversial theories. None of them, however, considered multifaceted environmental drivers and the coupled analysis of historical reports and natural archives. Here we investigate annually resolved, absolutely dated and spatially explicit paleoclimatic evidence between 1230 and 1250 CE. Documentary sources and tree-ring chronologies reveal warm and dry summers from 1238-1241, followed by cold and wet conditions in early-1242. Marshy terrain across the Hungarian plain most likely reduced pastureland and decreased mobility, as well as the military effectiveness of the Mongol cavalry, while despoliation and depopulation ostensibly contributed to widespread famine. These circumstances arguably contributed to the determination of the Mongols to abandon Hungary and return to Russia. While overcoming deterministic and reductionist arguments, our 'environmental hypothesis' demonstrates the importance of minor climatic fluctuations on major historical events.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Büntgen U,Di Cosmo Ndoi
10.1038/srep25606subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-05-26 00:00:00pages
25606issn
2045-2322pii
srep25606journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The present study was aimed at evaluating the fluorescence property, sporicidal potency against Bacillus and Clostridium endospores, and surface disinfecting ability of biogenic nano silver. The nano silver was synthesized using an actinobacterial cell-filtrate. The fluorescence property as well as imaging facilitator...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep34058
更新日期：2016-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Two polar vessels, Akademik Shokalskiy and Xuelong, were trapped by thick sea ice in the Antarctic coastal region just to the west of 144°E and between 66.5°S and 67°S in late December 2013. This event demonstrated the rapid establishment of extreme Antarctic sea ice conditions on synoptic time scales. The event was a...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep05317
更新日期：2014-06-17 00:00:00
abstract：:SRY, a sex-determining gene, induces testis development in chromosomally female (XX) individuals. However, mouse XX Sertoli cells carrying Sry (XX/Sry Sertoli cells) are incapable of fully supporting germ cell development, even when the karyotype of the germ cells is XY. While it has therefore been assumed that XX/Sry...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep41912
更新日期：2017-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs) modify proteins with single units or polymers of ADP-ribose to regulate DNA repair. However, the substrates for these enzymes are ill-defined. For example, although histones are modified by ARTs, the sites on these proteins ADP-ribosylated following DNA damage and the ARTs that catalyse ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep43750
更新日期：2017-03-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The success of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a biological control agent relies on its ability to outgrow plant pathogens. It is also thought to interact with its plant host by inducing systemic resistance. In this study, the ability of B. amyloliquefaciens MBI600 to elicit defense (or other) responses in tomato seedli...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-55645-2
更新日期：2019-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients who survive influenza A (H7N9) virus infection are at risk of physical and psychological complications of lung injury and multi-organ dysfunction. However, there were no prospectively individualized assessments of physiological, functional and quality-of-life measures after hospital discharge. The current stu...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-17497-6
更新日期：2017-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Multisensory integration provides continuous and stable perception from separate sensory inputs. Here, we investigated the functional role of temporal binding between the visual and the tactile senses. To this end we used the paradigm of compression that induces shifts in time when probe stimuli are degraded, e.g., by...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep25843
更新日期：2016-05-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Microsphere-assisted microscopy currently benefits from a considerable interest in the microscope-research community. Indeed, this new imaging technique enables the lateral resolution of optical microscopes to reach around λ/5 through a full-field and a far-field acquisition while being label-free. Despite the photoni...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-41193-2
更新日期：2019-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The hair bundle of cochlear hair cells is the site of auditory mechanoelectrical transduction. It is formed by three rows of stiff microvilli-like protrusions of graduated heights, the short, middle-sized, and tall stereocilia. In developing and mature sensory hair cells, stereocilia are connected to each other by var...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-73158-1
更新日期：2020-10-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic terminal is under very precise spatial and temporal control. Following neurotransmitter release, synaptic vesicles are recycled by endocytosis and refilled with neurotransmitter. During the exocytosis event leading to release, SNARE proteins provide most of the mechanical ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep17669
更新日期：2015-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are produced by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases from arachidonic acid, and their rapid metabolism is mainly through soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). EETs exert vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic effects. Administration of sEH inhibitors before or at the on...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-23504-1
更新日期：2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. A comprehensive, bioinformatics analysis of CCLE and TCGA datasets of seven tumor types allowed us to identify a novel pan-cancer EMT-associated gene expression signature consisting of 16 epithelial and 4 mesenchymal stat...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-04234-2
更新日期：2017-07-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by the formation of amyloid plaques (Aβ). Over the last decade, the important role of the innate immune system for the disease development has been established. Chronic activation of microglial cells creates a proinflammatory environment, which...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-19699-y
更新日期：2018-01-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have established that single nucleotide polymorphisms are sufficient to build accurate predictive models of gene expression. Gamazon, et al., found that gene expression values predicted from cis neighborhood SNPs show statistical association with disease status. In this work, we remove the cis neighborh...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep39360
更新日期：2016-12-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The micro-mechanisms of brittle failure affect the bulk mechanical behaviour and permeability of crustal rocks. In low-porosity crystalline rocks, these mechanisms are related to mineralogy and fabric anisotropy, while confining pressure, temperature and strain rates regulate the transition from brittle to ductile beh...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-15523-1
更新日期：2017-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Successful invasions depend on the interplay of multiple abiotic and biotic factors, however, the process of the invasion itself is often overlooked. The temporal variation of environmental factors suggests that a 'window of opportunity...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-44737-8
更新日期：2019-06-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a major environmental genotoxic agent. In skin, it can lead to the formation of mutagenic DNA damage. Several mechanisms are in place to prevent the conversion of these DNA damage into skin cancer-driver mutations. An important mutation prevention mechanism is the programmed cell death, ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-75873-1
更新日期：2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract：:We here investigated whether the unique capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to re-establish tissue homeostasis depends on their potential to sense danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and to mount an adaptive response in the interest of tissue repair. Unexpectedly, after injection of MSCs which had been pr...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-24425-9
更新日期：2018-04-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Pre-stimulus alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (16-20 Hz) oscillations have been frequently linked to the prediction of upcoming sensory input. Do these frequency bands serve as a neural marker of linguistic prediction as well? We hypothesized that if pre-stimulus alpha and beta oscillations index language predictions, their p...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-56600-x
更新日期：2019-12-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Biocontrol offers a promising alternative to synthetic fungicides for the control of a variety of pre- and post-harvest diseases of crops. Black rot, which is caused by the pathogenic fungus Ceratocytis fimbriata, is the most destructive post-harvest disease of sweet potato, but little is currently known about potenti...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-52804-3
更新日期：2019-11-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Light represents the principal signal driving circadian clock entrainment. However, how light influences the evolution of the clock remains poorly understood. The cavefish Phreatichthys andruzzii represents a fascinating model to explore how evolution under extreme aphotic conditions shapes the circadian clock, since ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-27080-2
更新日期：2018-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Identification of novel brominated contaminants in the environment, especially the derivatives and byproducts of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), has become a wide concern because of their adverse effects on human health. Herein, we qualitatively and quantitatively identified three byproducts of tetrabromobisphenol...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep11741
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful tissue repair requires the activities of myeloid cells such as monocytes and macrophages that guide the progression of inflammation and healing outcome. Immunoregenerative materials leverage the function of endogenous immune cells to orchestrate complex mechanisms of repair; however, a deeper understanding ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-00477-1
更新日期：2017-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Prior ex vivo histological postmortem studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown gray matter microstructural abnormalities, however, in vivo examination of gray matter microstructure in ASD has remained scarce due to the relative lack of non-invasive methods to assess it. The aim of this work was to evaluate...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-78486-w
更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Memristive synapses, the most promising passive devices for synaptic interconnections in artificial neural networks, are the driving force behind recent research on hardware neural networks. Despite significant efforts to utilize memristive synapses, progress to date has only shown the possibility of building a neural...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep10123
更新日期：2015-05-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Many studies speak in favor of a rhythmic mode of listening, by which the encoding of acoustic information is structured by rhythmic neural processes at the time scale of about 1 to 4 Hz. Indeed, psychophysical data suggest that humans sample acoustic information in extended soundscapes not uniformly, but weigh the ev...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-021-82008-7
更新日期：2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Current saliva testing methods rely on cutting edge yet expensive techniques for the detection and analysis of genetic material, proteins and biomarkers for clinical use. However, these techniques are limited in scope and often cannot be used with complex food materials. We propose an efficient ex-vivo tool for evalua...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-31625-w
更新日期：2018-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Whether the retinal process alone or retinal and cortical processes jointly determine afterimage (AI) formation has long been debated. Based on the retinal rebound responses, recent work proposes that afterimage signals are exclusively generated in the retina, although later modified by cortical mechanisms. We tested ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep41101
更新日期：2017-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Various treatment methods for tracheal defects have been attempted, such as artificial implants, allografts, autogenous grafts, and tissue engineering; however, no perfect method has been established. We attempted to create an effective artificial trachea via a tissue engineering method using 3D bio-printing. A multi-...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-38565-z
更新日期：2019-02-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Assessing the possible biological effects of exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) is one of the prime challenges in radiation protection, especially in medical imaging. Today, radiobiological data on cone beam CT (CBCT) related biological effects are scarce. In children and adults, the induction of DNA dou...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-58746-5
更新日期：2020-02-07 00:00:00
