Abstract:
:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing international concern. Considerable mortality and morbidity associated with diabetes mellitus arise predominantly from thrombotic cardiovascular events. Oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage contributes significantly to enhanced thrombosis in DM A basal autophagy process has recently been described as playing an important role in normal platelet activation. We now report a substantial mitophagy induction (above basal autophagy levels) in diabetic platelets, suggesting alternative roles for autophagy in platelet pathology. Using a combination of molecular, biochemical, and imaging studies on human DM platelets, we report that platelet mitophagy induction serves as a platelet protective mechanism that responds to oxidative stress through JNK activation. By removing damaged mitochondria (mitophagy), phosphorylated p53 is reduced, preventing progression to apoptosis, and preserving platelet function. The absence of mitophagy in DM platelets results in failure to protect against oxidative stress, leading to increased thrombosis. Surprisingly, this removal of damaged mitochondria does not require contributions from transcription, as platelets lack a nucleus. The considerable energy and resources expended in "prepackaging" the complex mitophagy machinery in a short-lived normal platelet support a critical role, in anticipation of exposure to oxidative stress.
journal_name
EMBO Mol Medjournal_title
EMBO molecular medicineauthors
Lee SH,Du J,Stitham J,Atteya G,Lee S,Xiang Y,Wang D,Jin Y,Leslie KL,Spollett G,Srivastava A,Mannam P,Ostriker A,Martin KA,Tang WH,Hwa Jdoi
10.15252/emmm.201506046subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-01 00:00:00pages
779-95issue
7eissn
1757-4676issn
1757-4684pii
emmm.201506046journal_volume
8pub_type
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