Abstract：
:Neuroimaging genetic studies that associate genetic and epigenetic variation with neural activity or structure provide an opportunity to link genes to psychiatric disorders, often before psychopathology is discernable in behavior. Here we review neuroimaging genetics studies with participants who have Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Results show that genes related to the physiological stress response (e.g., glucocorticoid receptor and activity, neuroendocrine release), learning and memory (e.g., plasticity), mood, and pain perception are tied to neural intermediate phenotypes associated with PTSD. These genes are associated with and sometimes predict neural structure and function in areas involved in attention, executive function, memory, decision-making, emotion regulation, salience of potential threats, and pain perception. Evidence suggests these risk polymorphisms and neural intermediate phenotypes are vulnerabilities toward developing PTSD in the aftermath of trauma, or vulnerabilities toward particular symptoms once PTSD has developed. Work distinguishing between the re-experiencing and dissociative sub-types of PTSD, and examining other PTSD symptom clusters in addition to the re-experiencing and hyperarousal symptoms, will further clarify neurobiological mechanisms and inconsistent findings. Furthermore, an exciting possibility is that genetic associations with PTSD may eventually be understood through differential intermediate phenotypes of neural circuit structure and function, possibly underlying the different symptom clusters seen within PTSD.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Lebois LAM,Wolff JD,Ressler KJdoi
10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.04.019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-10-01 00:00:00pages
141-152issue
Pt Beissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(16)30099-1journal_volume
284pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Pretreatment with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone prevents hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in 7-day-old neonatal rats. We presently characterize the response further by examining the effect of varying the age, the glucocorticoid, and the time of injection and by examining whether fasting can influence the res...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(95)90065-9
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of nerve growth factor (NGF) was examined in the neural repair of adult rabbit facial nerves using an in vivo preparation. A 35-microliters nerve growth chamber was created by suturing the proximal and distal ends of a transected facial nerve (superior buccal branch) into a silicone tube. A gap of 8 mm in the...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(89)90184-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Silent strokes occur more frequently than classic strokes; however, symptoms may go unreported in spite of lasting tissue damage. A silent stroke may indicate elevated susceptibility to recurrent stroke, which may eventually result in apparent and lasting impairments. Here we investigated if multiple silent strokes to...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.05.007
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peroxiredoxin-2 (PRX-2) is known to be released from erythrocytes and induce brain damage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) is involved in neuroinflammation following ICH. This study examined the role of LCN-2 in PRX-2 induced brain injury and involved three parts. In the first part, adult male...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113521
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonic substantia nigra grafts partially reinnervate the dopamine-denervated corpus striatum when implanted adjacent to that structure. This reinnervation is generally limited to a small portion of the denervated striatum and does not completely compensate for the behavioral effects of a 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90151-8
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to characterize the microglial and astroglial reactions to degeneration of (a) hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells and dentate hilar neurons induced by cerebral ischemia and (b) CA3 pyramidal cells and dentate hilar neurons induced by intraventricular injections of kainic acid (KA). The microglia...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1993.1041
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful clinical application of fMRI tasks requires reliable knowledge about the brain structures mapped by the task. With memory fMRI, diverging evidence exists concerning the location of major signal sources as well as hippocampal contributions. To clarify these issues, we investigated a frequently applied memory...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.05.019
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in sensory neuronal activation in response to visceral inflammation. Here we report that BDNF up-regulation in the primary afferent neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in a rat model of colitis is mediated by the activation of endogenous extracellul...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.08.007
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adrenergic-stimulated phosphatidylinositol (PI) hydrolysis was measured in cortical slices obtained from adult rats following electroconvulsive seizures (ECS). One group of animals received ECS daily for 15 days and a second group received a single ECS. Rats were then sacrificed at intervals of 15 min, 60 min, 4 h, an...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(89)90121-0
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the comorbidities observed in epilepsy patients depression is the most frequent one. Likewise, depression by itself is accompanied by an increased risk to develop epilepsy. Both epilepsy and depression are characterized by a high incidence of pharmacoresistance, which might be based on overactivity of multidrug ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.09.004
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports that endolymphatic hydrops causes a significant reduction of retrogradely labeled cell bodies of the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion following application of horseradish peroxidase in the cochlea. We previously showed that the trigeminal ganglion is a source of primary sensory innervation to the coc...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1998.6813
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vibrissae of rats were shaved from one side of the face daily for 10 days. To see whether or not this treatment had an effect on crossed and uncrossed striatal afferent connections from the midbrain, the tract tracer horseradish peroxidase was applied to the caudate-putamen on day 11. When the tracer was deposited...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(86)90198-6
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Novel strategies to improve hand function after stroke are needed. Electromyography-triggered functional neuromuscular stimulation (EMG-FNMS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are promising techniques to facilitate recovery of sensory-motor hand dysfunction after stroke. OBJECTIVE:To i...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.04.010
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aminergic and cholinergic fibers innervating the hippocampus reach their target regions via the dorsal (dorsal fornix, fimbria, and cingulum) and ventral routes. The plasticity of this innervation after lesions of the dorsal pathway was investigated in the septal, medial, and temporal regions of the adult rat hipp...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90053-7
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Typical antipsychotic drugs (APDs) with D2antagonistic properties impede functional outcome after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) and reduce the effectiveness of environmental enrichment (EE). Here we test the hypothesis that aripiprazole (ARIP), an atypical APD with partial D2and 5-HT1Areceptor agonist acti...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.01.010
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recently discovered endocannabinoid system (ECS), which includes endocannabinoids and the proteins that metabolize and bind them, has been implicated in multiple regulatory functions both in health and disease. Several studies have suggested that ECS is centrally and peripherally involved in the processing of pain...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.03.029
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent in vitro studies have shown that the periventricular subependymal zone (SEZ) of the rodent brain is capable of de novo generation of neurons and glia. There is less information available on neurogenesis in the adult human brain, and no study has shown the clonal generation of neurons and glia from in vitro-gene...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1999.7028
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to compare the physiological properties of single neurons in the glabrous (G) and heterogeneous (H) subdivisions of primary somatosensory digit 3 cortex of adult raccoons. Extracellular recordings were obtained from 50 G neurons whose receptive fields (RFs) were confined to the glabrous skin ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(92)90059-y
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on a 41-year old woman with prolonged comatose unresponsiveness following traumatic head injury. Structural MRI showed bilateral midbrain damage and ventriculomegalia. Functional MRI revealed robust cortical responses to visual, auditory and tactile stimulation. Speech stimuli moreover consistently elicited ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.08.007
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An electron microscope study of 2- and 8-week-old normal and dystrophic chickens compared sarcomere lengths in relaxed and passively extended Patagialis (PAT) muscles. Sarcomeres were measured in dystrophic muscles only in fibers which exhibited no morphological signs of degeneration. Sarcomere lengths were not differ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(88)90005-2
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cells dissociated from 6-day rat cerebellum were seeded on glass coverslips coated with polylysine on one half and hyaluronectin on the other. Cell attachment and neurite extension were drastically reduced on hyaluronectin-coated surfaces. ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(88)90218-x
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown that lesions of the sensorimotor cortex induced by either thermocoagulation or aspiration produce different effects on axonal plasticity. We have now investigated whether these methods of lesion also influence the behavioral outcome. The behavioral effects of unilateral and bilateral lesions o...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1998.6893
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary, progressive and ultimately fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Excitotoxicity and reduced availability of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) likely play roles in HD pathogenesis. Recently we developed a protocol that induces adult human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.12.045
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep and behavioral monitoring of young mice is necessary for understating the progress of symptoms in congenital and acquired diseases associated with sleep and movement disorders. In the current study, we have developed a non-invasive sleep monitoring system that identifies wake and sleep patterns of newborn mice u...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.08.004
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The abuse of pharmaceutical drugs and the inadequate ingestion of nutrients constitute external factors that can alter brain development, both individually and in combination. We used cortical spreading depression (CSD) as a neurophysiological parameter to investigate the combined effects of the antipyretic/analgesic/...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.06.017
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method is presented for the quantification of cell viability based on densitometry with computerized image analysis. Neuronal cells were stained with crystal violet and densitometric analysis was performed with an IBAS 2.0 image analyzer (Kontron/ Zeiss), using specially implemented dedicated software which inte...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1997.6647
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and its naturally occurring antagonist angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) are novel ligands that regulate tyrosine phosphorylation of the Tie2/Tek receptor on endothelial cells. Proper regulation of Tie2/Tek is absolutely required for normal vascular development, seemingly by regulating vascular remodeling ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1999.7162
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in progressive degeneration that may continue for many years and lead to the formation of highly septated cystic cavities. This hallmark feature has been reproduced in experimental models, but neither its pathogenesis nor clinically relevant features have been fully elucidated...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.08.009
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antegrade, target-directed axonal regeneration is the explicit goal of nerve repair. However, aberrant and dysfunctional regrowth is commonly observed as well. At the site of surgical nerve coaptation, axonal sprouts encounter fibrotic connective tissue rich in growth-inhibiting chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan that m...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.08.004
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anatomical distribution and the content of dendrite bundles were studied in the spinal cord of adult rats. We injected retrogradely transported Cholera Toxin subunit B into muscles in order to label motoneurons and their dendrites. Twenty-one muscles in the trunk and in extremities were selected which are involved...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1996.0004
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
