Generalizing Fisher's "reproductive value": linear differential and difference equations of "dilute" biological systems.

abstract：:The neighbor-exclusion principle is one of the most general and interesting rules describing intercalative DNA binding by small molecules. It suggests that such binding can only occur at every other base-pair site, reflecting a very large negative cooperativity in the binding process. We have carried out molecular mec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rao SN,Kollman PA

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region (TH) gene segments located closest to the joining (JH) gene segments are preferentially rearranged during ontogeny, indicating that chromosomal position influences the frequency of rearrangement. In addition, certain VH gene segments are repeatedly rearranged, suggesting that...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lawler AM,Kearney JF,Kuehl M,Gearhart PJ

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integral feedback control is a basic engineering strategy for ensuring that the output of a system robustly tracks its desired value independent of noise or variations in system parameters. In biological systems, it is common for the response to an extracellular stimulus to return to its prestimulus value even in the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yi TM,Huang Y,Simon MI,Doyle J

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Genes encoding thymidylate synthetase from Bacillus subtilis bacteriophages were cloned in Escherichia coli. Chimeric plasmids pCD1 and pCD3 were constructed from site-specific endonuclease digests of bacteriophage phi3T DNA cloned in pMB9 in E. coli. Similar cloning techniques with bacteriophage beta22 DNA yielded ch...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Duncan CH,Wilson GA,Young FE

更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in Pink1, a gene encoding a Ser/Thr kinase with a mitochondrial-targeting signal, are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common movement disorder characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic neurons. The mechanism by which loss of Pink1 leads to neurodegeneration is not understood. Here we...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang Y,Gehrke S,Imai Y,Huang Z,Ouyang Y,Wang JW,Yang L,Beal MF,Vogel H,Lu B

更新日期：2006-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas the laws of thermodynamics prohibit extraction of useful work from the Brownian motion of particles in equilibrium, these motions can be "rectified" under nonequilibrium conditions, for example, in the presence of asymmetric geometrical obstacles. Here, we describe a class of systems in which aerobic bacteria ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sokolov A,Apodaca MM,Grzybowski BA,Aranson IS

更新日期：2010-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We have devised a simple and efficient cDNA cloning strategy that overcomes many of the difficulties encountered in obtaining full-length cDNA clones of low-abundance mRNAs. In essence, cDNAs are generated by using the DNA polymerase chain reaction technique to amplify copies of the region between a single point in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frohman MA,Dush MK,Martin GR

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a field study, we show that a young song sparrow (i) selects his songs from three or four older birds who have neighboring territories, (ii) preferentially learns song types that these tutor neighbors share, and (iii) ultimately sets up his territory next to, or replaces, one of these tutor neighbors. The consequen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beecher MD,Campbell SE,Stoddard PK

更新日期：1994-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacillus anthracis is the etiologic agent of anthrax, an acute fatal disease among mammals. It was thought to differ from Bacillus cereus, an opportunistic pathogen and cause of food poisoning, by the presence of plasmids pXO1 and pXO2, which encode the lethal toxin complex and the poly-gamma-d-glutamic acid capsule, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoffmaster AR,Ravel J,Rasko DA,Chapman GD,Chute MD,Marston CK,De BK,Sacchi CT,Fitzgerald C,Mayer LW,Maiden MC,Priest FG,Barker M,Jiang L,Cer RZ,Rilstone J,Peterson SN,Weyant RS,Galloway DR,Read TD,Popovic T,Fras

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We measured the superconducting transition temperature of (6)Li between 16 and 26 GPa, and report the lightest system to exhibit superconductivity to date. The superconducting phase diagram of (6)Li is compared with that of (7)Li through simultaneous measurement in a diamond anvil cell (DAC). Below 21 GPa, Li exhibits...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schaeffer AM,Temple SR,Bishop JK,Deemyad S

更新日期：2015-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of community-acquired and nosocomial infections including the life-threatening conditions endocarditis, necrotizing pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis, and septicemia. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, a membrane-bound microbial sensor, detects staphylococcal components, but macrophages ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hruz P,Zinkernagel AS,Jenikova G,Botwin GJ,Hugot JP,Karin M,Nizet V,Eckmann L

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribbon synapses of photoreceptor cells and second-order bipolar neurons in the retina are specialized to transmit graded signals that encode light intensity. Neurotransmitter release at ribbon synapses exhibits two kinetically distinct components, which serve different sensory functions. The faster component is deplet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vaithianathan T,Matthews G

更新日期：2014-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:By comparing the amino acid sequences of 11 mammalian and 1 avian prion proteins (PrP), structural analyses predicted four alpha-helical regions. Peptides corresponding to these regions of Syrian hamster PrP were synthesized, and, contrary to predictions, three of the four spontaneously formed amyloids as shown by ele...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gasset M,Baldwin MA,Lloyd DH,Gabriel JM,Holtzman DM,Cohen F,Fletterick R,Prusiner SB

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The six members of the contactin (CNTN) family of neural cell adhesion molecules are involved in the formation and maintenance of the central nervous system (CNS) and have been linked to mental retardation and neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism. Five of the six CNTNs bind to the homologous receptor protein tyro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lamprianou S,Chatzopoulou E,Thomas JL,Bouyain S,Harroch S

更新日期：2011-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) is a class of ubiquitous and evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine PP involved in stress responses in yeasts, mammals, and plants. Here, I present mutational analysis of two Arabidopsis thaliana PP2Cs, encoded by ABI1 and AtPP2C, involved in the plant stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sheen J

更新日期：1998-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the Austronesian expansion had a major impact on the languages of Island Southeast Asia, controversy still exists over the genetic impact of this expansion. The coexistence of both Asian and Papuan genetic ancestry in Eastern Indonesia provides a unique opportunity to address this issue. Here, we estimate rec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu S,Pugach I,Stoneking M,Kayser M,Jin L,HUGO Pan-Asian SNP Consortium.

更新日期：2012-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We have characterized seven murine retinoic acid receptor gamma cDNA isoforms (mRAR-gamma 1 to -gamma 7) generated by alternative splicing of at least seven exons. These isoforms differ from one another in their 5' untranslated region and in two cases (mRAR-gamma 1 and -gamma 2) differ in their N-terminal A region, wh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kastner P,Krust A,Mendelsohn C,Garnier JM,Zelent A,Leroy P,Staub A,Chambon P

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the arenavirus family, famous for their hemorrhagic syndromes, cause distinct neurological disorders; however, cellular and molecular targets as well as pathogenesis of peripheral nervous system disorders associated with these viruses are unknown. Using noncytolytic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, the p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rambukkana A,Kunz S,Min J,Campbell KP,Oldstone MB

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in genes that encode components of the phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) signaling pathway are common in human cancer. The recent discovery of nonrandom somatic mutations in the PIK3CA gene of many human tumors suggests an oncogenic role for the mutated enzyme. We have determined the growth-regulat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kang S,Bader AG,Vogt PK

更新日期：2005-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Photoactivation of the retinal photoreceptor rhodopsin proceeds through a cascade of intermediates, resulting in protein-protein interactions catalyzing the activation of the G-protein transducin (Gt). Using stabilization and photoregeneration of the receptor's signaling state and Gt activation assays, we provide evid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kisselev OG,Meyer CK,Heck M,Ernst OP,Hofmann KP

更新日期：1999-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:After prolonged exposure to ascorbate, collagen synthesis in cultured human skin fibroblasts increased approximately 8-fold with no significant change in synthesis of noncollagen protein. This effect of ascorbate appears to be unrelated to its cofactor function in collagen hydroxylation. The collagenous protein secret...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murad S,Grove D,Lindberg KA,Reynolds G,Sivarajah A,Pinnell SR

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear lamina is a network of structural filaments, the A and B type lamins, located at the nuclear envelope and throughout the nucleus. Lamin filaments provide the nucleus with mechanical stability and support many basic activities, including gene regulation. Mutations in LMNA, the gene encoding A type lamins, c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dahl KN,Scaffidi P,Islam MF,Yodh AG,Wilson KL,Misteli T

更新日期：2006-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthases (NOS), plays an essential role in the regulation of cerebrovascular tone. Adenoviral vectors have been widely used to transfer recombinant genes to different vascular beds. To determine whether the recombinant endothelial NOS (eNOS) gene can be delivered i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen AF,Jiang SW,Crotty TB,Tsutsui M,Smith LA,O'Brien T,Katusic ZS

更新日期：1997-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate transporters clear synaptically released glutamate to maintain precise communication between neurons and limit glutamate neurotoxicity. Although much progress has been made on the topology, structure, and function of these carriers, few studies have addressed large-scale structural motions collectively assoc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jiang J,Shrivastava IH,Watts SD,Bahar I,Amara SG

更新日期：2011-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:We show that an electric field can drive single-stranded RNA and DNA molecules through a 2.6-nm diameter ion channel in a lipid bilayer membrane. Because the channel diameter can accommodate only a single strand of RNA or DNA, each polymer traverses the membrane as an extended chain that partially blocks the channel. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kasianowicz JJ,Brandin E,Branton D,Deamer DW

更新日期：1996-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Populations of isogenic embryonic stem cells or clonal bacteria often exhibit extensive phenotypic heterogeneity that arises from intrinsic stochastic dynamics of cells. The phenotypic state of a cell can be transmitted epigenetically in cell division, leading to correlations in the states of cells related by descent....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hormoz S,Desprat N,Shraiman BI

更新日期：2015-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The surface layer of the oceans and other aquatic environments contains many bacteria that range in activity, from dormant cells to those with high rates of metabolism. However, little experimental evidence exists about the activity of specific bacterial taxa, especially rare ones. Here we explore the relationship bet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Campbell BJ,Yu L,Heidelberg JF,Kirchman DL

更新日期：2011-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Resting-state functional connectivity is used throughout neuroscience to study brain organization and to generate biomarkers of development, disease, and cognition. The processes that give rise to correlated activity are, however, poorly understood. Here we decompose resting-state functional connectivity using a tempo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zamani Esfahlani F,Jo Y,Faskowitz J,Byrge L,Kennedy DP,Sporns O,Betzel RF

更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A stable free-radical polymeric derivative of prostaglandin B1 (PGBx) has been synthesized that exhibits regenerative effects on oxidative phosphorylation in aged mitochondria. The molecular weights of the most active preparations fall between 2000 and 2600. PGBx is characterized by a single-line electron spin resonan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Polis BD,Polis E,Kwong S

更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the molecular control of many disease pathologies requires the identification of direct substrates targeted by specific protein kinases. Here we describe an integrated proteomic strategy, termed kinase assay linked with phosphoproteomics, which combines a sensitive kinase reaction with endogenous ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xue L,Wang WH,Iliuk A,Hu L,Galan JA,Yu S,Hans M,Geahlen RL,Tao WA

更新日期：2012-04-10 00:00:00