Abstract:
:Cell therapy with adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising approach to regenerative medicine and autoimmune diseases. There are various approaches to improve the efficacy of MSC-based therapeutics, and MSC preparation as spheroidal aggregates, or MSC spheroids, is a novel preparatory and delivery method. Spheroid formation induces a dramatic change in the gene expression profile of MSCs. Self-activation of interleukin-1 (IL1) signaling was shown to be upstream of both pro- and anti-inflammatory genes in MSC spheroids, but the molecular pathways that initiate IL1 signaling remain unknown. As bone morphogenic protein (BMP)2 upregulation precedes that of IL1B expression during spheroid formation, we hypothesized that BMP2 signaling triggers IL1 signaling in MSC spheroids. Contrary to expectations, BMP2 signaling decreased expression of IL1B and downstream genes in a SMAD6-dependent manner. Conversely, IL1B signaling enhanced BMP2 expression. Another major difference between two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture is the Young's elasticity modulus, or stiffness, of the materials surrounding the cells, as there is a million-fold difference between a plastic surface for standard 2D culture (GPa) and 3D spheroidal aggregates (0.1 kPa). We tested another hypothesis that soft elasticity-associated mechano-signaling initiates the gene expression change during spheroid formation. Results showed that both BMP2 expression and inflammatory signaling are upregulated in an elasticity-associated signaling-dependent manner in MSCs. Lastly, BMP2 signaling enhanced cell survival and cell spreading of MSC spheroids. In summary, our study suggests that soft elasticity and BMP2 signaling are critical for MSC spheroids.
journal_name
Stem Cells Devjournal_title
Stem cells and developmentauthors
Cesarz Z,Funnell JL,Guan J,Tamama Kdoi
10.1089/scd.2015.0356subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-15 00:00:00pages
622-35issue
8eissn
1547-3287issn
1557-8534journal_volume
25pub_type
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2010.0266
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2017.0026
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2006.15.124
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
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abstract::Recent studies have focused on transcriptional regulation and gene expression profiling of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). However, little information is available regarding the relationship between RNA expression and transcriptional regulation, which is critical in the complete understanding of pluripotency and d...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by defined factors. However, substantial cell numbers subjected to iPSC induction stray from the main reprogramming route and are immortalized as partial iPSCs. These partial iPSCs can become genuine iPSCs by exposure to the ground state condi...
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journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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