Past, Present, and Future of Pharmacologic Therapy in Obesity.

Abstract:

:Medications for obesity management can be divided into 4 groups: antidepressants (naltrexone/bupropion), stimulants (phentermine, phendimetrazine, diethylpropion, phentermine/topiramate), fat blockers (orlistat), and diabetes medications (liraglutide). Each group has specific therapeutic effects, adverse effects, and costs. Two medications are indicated for long-term use in obesity: lorcaserin and orlistat. Other available medications are for short-term use. High cost makes many of these medications inaccessible for underserved and poor patients. Because of misuse potential, many obesity medications are also classified as controlled substances. There are no medications currently approved for use in pregnant or lactating women.

journal_name

Prim Care

journal_title

Primary care

authors

Rodríguez JE,Campbell KM

doi

10.1016/j.pop.2015.08.011

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-03-01 00:00:00

pages

61-7, viii

issue

1

eissn

0095-4543

issn

1558-299X

pii

S0095-4543(15)00091-3

journal_volume

43

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Ankle injuries in athletes.

    abstract::Ankle injuries are the most frequent cause of physician evaluation in a sports-oriented environment. The lateral ligaments are most commonly injured. With a detailed history, physical and radiographic examination to avoid missing underlying pathology, the primary care physician can diagnose and treat the majority of a...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Wilkerson LA

    更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00

  • Grief, mourning, and pathological mourning.

    abstract::An individual may present with a multitude of symptoms following an acute loss. Helping the patient go through the essential "grief work" may prevent prolonged and serious alterations in social adjustment as well as potential medical disease. ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: David CJ

    更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00

  • Heart Disease in Children.

    abstract::The pediatric cardiology field has developed rapidly over the past few decades. More children than ever born with congenital heart disease (CHD) are growing into adulthood. Primary care providers play a key role in diagnosis, management, and referral of children with CHD because many common cardiac complaints (eg, fee...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2017.10.005

    authors: Garcia RU,Peddy SB

    更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00

  • Cystitis and Pyelonephritis: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention.

    abstract::Urinary tract infections, including cystitis and pyelonephritis, are the most common bacterial infection primary care clinicians encounter in office practice. Dysuria and frequency in the absence of vaginal discharge and vaginal irritation are highly predictive of cystitis. Urine culture is recommended for the diagnos...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2019.01.001

    authors: Kolman KB

    更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00

  • Lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography for primary care providers.

    abstract::This review provides an update on lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and its implications for primary care providers. One of the unique features of lung cancer screening is the potential complexity in patient management if an LDCT scan reveals a small pulmonary nodule. Additional tests, con...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2014.02.007

    authors: Richards TB,White MC,Caraballo RS

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical practice. How physicians make medical decisions and why medical decision making can help.

    abstract::Medical decision making (MDM) contains tools that can contribute to the skill and expertise of physicians. MDM is especially useful for primary care physicians. Practicing in this clinical world is practicing in a world of great uncertainty--the world in which many of these tools were designed to be useful. ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Bergus GR,Hamm RM

    更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00

  • Language dysfunction in cerebrovascular disease.

    abstract::Language disorder is often mistaken for confusion, psychosis, or memory loss, and thorough evaluation may require much time. A simple beside examination can often separate aphasic syndromes, and the anatomic location of the lesion can be inferred. Speech therapy, although not entirely satisfactory, is helpful in most ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Palmer EP

    更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00

  • Bacterial Skin Infections.

    abstract::Skin and soft tissue infections account for 0.5% of outpatient visits to primary care. Skin and soft tissue infections can usually be managed in an outpatient setting. However, there are certain circumstances as discussed in this article that require more urgent care or inpatient management. Primary care providers sho...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2015.08.001

    authors: Ibrahim F,Khan T,Pujalte GG

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • Anthroposophic perspectives in primary care.

    abstract::Anthroposophically Extended Medicine (AEM) is a truly integrative healing system. AEM represents an expansion, not an alternative to conventional medicine. Its unique understanding of the interplay among physiological, soul and spiritual processes in healing and illness serves to bridge allopathy with naturopathy, hom...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70314-6

    authors: Cantor IS,Rosenzweig S

    更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00

  • Best Practices in Transgender Health: A Clinician's Guide.

    abstract::Providing culturally competent and medically knowledgeable care to the transgender community is increasingly falling within the realms of practice for primary care providers. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of best practices as they relate to transgender care. This article is by no means a compre...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2018.07.007

    authors: Lapinski J,Covas T,Perkins JM,Russell K,Adkins D,Coffigny MC,Hull S

    更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00

  • Hyperlipidemia.

    abstract::Coronary heart disease (CHD) is prevalent and often related to an unhealthy diet and hyperlipidemia. The diagnosis of hyperlipidemia should be carefully made, using more than one measurement in the manner described. An assessment of risks allows one to decide whom to treat. Patients with CHD should be treated aggressi...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70164-0

    authors: Yu JN,Cunningham JA,Thouin SR,Gurvich T,Liu D

    更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00

  • Prevention and screening in the nursing home.

    abstract::The primary care physicians must use screening procedures for the elderly that focus on function, with special attention paid to falls, incontinence, malnutrition, and sexuality. Nursing home staff and patients' families can be particularly helpful to the physician. ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Gershman K,Nielsen C

    更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00

  • Medical management of the kidney transplant recipient: a practical approach for the primary care provider.

    abstract::Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) commonly present with complex medical issues that are best managed jointly by both their primary care physician and the kidney transplant center. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemias, and obesity are frequently present in the KTR population and the successful management of these co...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2014.08.009

    authors: Pedraza F,Roth D

    更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00

  • Common problems in outpatient management of patients with diabetes in the age of insulin analogues.

    abstract::Most patients with diabetes are managed in an outpatient primary care setting. This article reviews common dilemmas in outpatient insulin therapy and presents the evidence regarding the rational use of insulin therapy and combination oral agent-insulin therapy. ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(03)00037-x

    authors: DeWitt DE,Dugdale DC

    更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of persistent cough in children.

    abstract::Persistent or chronic cough is defined as a cough lasting more than 3 weeks. A systematic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough involves a detailed history. The age of the child, descriptive qualities of the cough, and environmental exposures are particularly important. A thorough physical examinati...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70368-7

    authors: Meyer AA,Aitken PV

    更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00

  • Maternal vaccines.

    abstract::Acute lower respiratory illness (LRI) is the leading cause of disease worldwide as measured by disability-adjusted life years. New strategies are necessary to decrease the disease burden that is largely borne by infants. Respiratory syncytial virus is the most important cause of LRI in infants. Lower respiratory illne...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70041-5

    authors: Glezen WP

    更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00

  • Aspiration of joints and soft tissue injections.

    abstract::Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders are commonly encountered in primary care practice. These disorders include varieties of bursitis, tendinitis, myositis, arthritis, and related conditions. A certain group of these disorders lend themselves to diagnosis by needle aspiration or to treatment by injections. ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Leversee JH

    更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00

  • Rhinosinusitis.

    abstract::Although sinusitis is common, controversy exists regarding terminology, diagnostic criteria, indications for imaging, and treatment guidelines. Patients who are diagnosed with bacterial sinusitis should be started on amoxicillin-clavulanate unless an allergy to penicillin is reported, in which case doxycycline or a re...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2013.10.006

    authors: DeCastro A,Mims L,Hueston WJ

    更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00

  • Acute monarthritis: diagnosis and management.

    abstract::The diagnosis for an acute monarthritis may still be elusive, even after an extensive initial evaluation. For example, what should be done for a patient who has a paucity of extra-articular findings on physical examination and an inflammatory synovial fluid with negative Gram's stain, cultures, and crystals? Conservat...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2006.06.010

    authors: Maury EE,Flores RH

    更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00

  • Peptic ulcer disease.

    abstract::Peptic ulcer disease is a common gastrointestinal disease whose management and treatment has changed dramatically over the last 25 years. Treatment of peptic ulcer disease has evolved from dietary modifications and antacids to gastric acid suppression with H2-receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors to eradicat...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70049-x

    authors: Smoot DT,Go MF,Cryer B

    更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00

  • Eosinophilia.

    abstract::Eosinophilia is defined as elevation of eosinophils in the bloodstream (450-550 cell/μL). There are many reasons for eosinophilia to exist, including parasitic disease, allergic disease, autoimmune, connective tissue disease, rheumatologic disease, primary eosinophilia such as hypereosinophilic syndrome, and as part o...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2016.07.010

    authors: Kovalszki A,Weller PF

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Biofeedback and primary care.

    abstract::Biofeedback is a clinical modality in which technology or instrumentation is used to allow a patient to gain awareness of, and control over, physiologic processes. Successful treatment employing biofeedback can be beneficial for several stress-related and pain conditions, as well as other forms of somatic disturbance....

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2009.09.005

    authors: Glick RM,Greco CM

    更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00

  • Correlation of chest roentgenology and lung physiology.

    abstract::Most disease states giving rise to pulmonary symptoms represent a composite of physiologic changes involving ventilation and perfusion. The major initial physiologic abnormality is identified for a number of problems commonly encountered. ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Wyman AC,Glassman LM

    更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00

  • Antibiotics for common infections in the elderly.

    abstract::A decline in host defense mechanisms and concurrent diseases combine to make the elderly patient particularly susceptible to common infections. The bacterial cause and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns may also be different in the elderly. The appropriate selection and dosing of antibiotics for elderly patients with ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Cummings DM,Uttech KM

    更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00

  • Adolescent Vaccines: Current Recommendations and Techniques to Improve Vaccination Rates.

    abstract::With multiple vaccines for adolescents recommended, it is imperative providers remain up to date with the current recommendations. With misinformation of vaccine safety and effectiveness in the mainstream media and social media, adolescents are a vulnerable population that needs to be reviewed and educated. Adolescent...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2020.02.002

    authors: Adelman M,Barrickman AL,Garofoli GK

    更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00

  • Prevention of colon cancer in primary care practice.

    abstract::Colorectal cancer is a common disease with a high mortality rate. Surgical resection in early stages is the only effective treatment, therefore, recent attention is focused on diagnosing early colon cancer by screening asymptomatic subjects. Principles and current technology supporting early detection of colorectal ca...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Gupta TP,Silverman AL,Desai TK,Luk GD

    更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00

  • Diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis.

    abstract::Osteoarthritis presents in primary and secondary forms. The primary, or idiopathic, form occurs in previously intact joints without any inciting agent, whereas the secondary form is caused by underlying predisposing factors (eg, trauma). The diagnosis of osteoarthritis is primarily based on thorough history and physic...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2013.08.003

    authors: Taruc-Uy RL,Lynch SA

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • The roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides.

    abstract::Ascaris lumbricoides is a significant health problem. One billion people worldwide are infected. Most frequently it is seen in malnourished people residing in developing countries. Areas with modern water and waste treatment have a low incidence. The major serious sequelae associated with the parasite is intestinal ob...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Tietze PE,Tietze PH

    更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00

  • The menopause and obesity.

    abstract::In summary, menopause tends to be associated with an increased risk of obesity and a shift to an abdominal fat distribution with associated increase in health risks. Changes in body composition at menopause may be caused by the decrease in circulating estrogen, and, for fat distribution shifts, the relative increase i...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(03)00012-5

    authors: Lovejoy JC

    更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00

  • Alternative prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, part 2.

    abstract::This article discusses alternative therapies for secondary prevention and treatment of major cardiac disorders: congestive heart failure, hypertension, dyslipidemias, and peripheral vascular disease. The role of various therapies (eg, herbal and botanic preparations, supplements, mind/body interventions, other alterna...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2010.02.010

    authors: Pratt C

    更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00